提高红外探测器探测率的理论分析
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摘要
本文就热释电探测器建立了既有横向热量扩散又有纵向热量扩散的综合理论模型,导出了较为普遍的响应度公式；并根据普遍的公式推导出了在一定条件下的十种器件的响应度方程；由此可以计算出这些器件的噪声电压；再根据噪声电压与探测率的关系,导出十种器件的探测率公式；并最终分析了如何提高探测器的探测率。
本文内容系统的分为五个部分：第一部分是对红外系统进行简单的介绍,并对本文的目的和内容进行简单的概述,同时介绍了红外系统在军事和民用工程上的应用；第二部分进入到热释电探测器的响应度的分析,在建立了普遍响应度方程的基础上,导出了十种器件的响应度方程；第三部分首先根据响应度方程推导出了噪声电压,从而求得探测率的总公式,进而导出了十种器件的探测率的方程；第四部分是建立了一个测试系统,对探测器的性能进行测试,并提出了改进意见,并通过实验验证探测率；第五部分是本文的核心部分,提出了提高探测率的方法,并提出了理想元件的设计方案。
In this paper, the pyroelectric detector set up the heat have both horizontal and vertical proliferation, the proliferation of a comprehensive theoretical model, derived a more general response formula; And in accordance with the general formula is derived under certain conditions, the responsiveness of the 10 kinds of device equations; Thus calculated can calculate the noise of these devices; Then according to the noise voltage and detection rates for the relationship between,to export 10 kinds of devices D*; analysis of how to improve the detection rate of the detector, and discussed closer to the ideal device structure.
This content is divided into four parts of the system:The first part is the infrared system, a simple introduction, as well as the purpose and content of this article a simple overview of, as well as in military and civilian engineering applications; The second part into the pyroelectric detector responsive analysis, the establishment of a general responsiveness of the equation, after the 10 kinds of devices derived responsiveness equation; The third part of the first-degree equation derived according to response to the noise voltage, to obtain D*, after the 10 kinds of devices derived the equation D*; The fourth part is the establishment of a test system, the performance of the detector test, proposed improvements, and by experimental verification D*; PartⅤis a core part of this article, put forward the improvement of methods D*, and to design an ideal device.
本文内容系统的分为五个部分：第一部分是对红外系统进行简单的介绍,并对本文的目的和内容进行简单的概述,同时介绍了红外系统在军事和民用工程上的应用；第二部分进入到热释电探测器的响应度的分析,在建立了普遍响应度方程的基础上,导出了十种器件的响应度方程；第三部分首先根据响应度方程推导出了噪声电压,从而求得探测率的总公式,进而导出了十种器件的探测率的方程；第四部分是建立了一个测试系统,对探测器的性能进行测试,并提出了改进意见,并通过实验验证探测率；第五部分是本文的核心部分,提出了提高探测率的方法,并提出了理想元件的设计方案。
In this paper, the pyroelectric detector set up the heat have both horizontal and vertical proliferation, the proliferation of a comprehensive theoretical model, derived a more general response formula; And in accordance with the general formula is derived under certain conditions, the responsiveness of the 10 kinds of device equations; Thus calculated can calculate the noise of these devices; Then according to the noise voltage and detection rates for the relationship between,to export 10 kinds of devices D*; analysis of how to improve the detection rate of the detector, and discussed closer to the ideal device structure.
This content is divided into four parts of the system:The first part is the infrared system, a simple introduction, as well as the purpose and content of this article a simple overview of, as well as in military and civilian engineering applications; The second part into the pyroelectric detector responsive analysis, the establishment of a general responsiveness of the equation, after the 10 kinds of devices derived responsiveness equation; The third part of the first-degree equation derived according to response to the noise voltage, to obtain D*, after the 10 kinds of devices derived the equation D*; The fourth part is the establishment of a test system, the performance of the detector test, proposed improvements, and by experimental verification D*; PartⅤis a core part of this article, put forward the improvement of methods D*, and to design an ideal device.
引文
[1]王之江.光学设计手册,北京：机械工业出版社,1994,35—49.
[2]王之江.光学设计理论基础,北京：科学出版社,1985,124-136.
[3]S Roger Horman, etc. Seaborne Electro-Optical Sensors and Their Technologies. SPIE 1999, Vol.3698: 12-231.
[4]杨臣华等.激光与红外技术手册.北京：国防工业出版社,1990,744-775.
[5]红外与激光技术编辑组.红外手册红外系统.1980,37-45.
[6]石晓光,王彬,杨进华.红外系统,兵器工业出版社,2005,55-58
[7]王泽和,舰用IRST系统的发展及应用,现代防御技术,2001,Vol.29,1,26-29.小哈德逊,红外系统原理,北京：国防工业出版社,1975,210-260.
[8]杨宜禾,岳敏,红外系统,北京：国防工业出版社,1985,214-235.
[9]陈玻若,红外系统,北京：国防出版社,1988,271-280
[10]杨应槐,石峰,小目标探测技术的研究,红外与激光技术,1989,17-19
[11]王义玉,红外探测器,北京,兵器工业出版社,1992,116-119
[12]Warren, J. Smitch, ZEMAX,User's Guide,2000,4:41-45.
[13]徐惠民等,单片微型计算机原理、接口、应用,北京邮电学院出版社,1990
[14]陈建铎,单片机应用技术,陕西科学技术出版社,1991
[15]红外探测器参数检定规程,中国光学学会,1982
[16]Hudson R D, J r:Infrared System Engineering1W ileyl,1969.
[17]戴逸松等,177-300K低频噪声谱测量及分析系统,仪器仪表学报,1995(8)
[18]雷玉堂,王庆有,何加铭,等.光电检测技术.北京：中国计量出版社,2002.
[19]闫军,庄乾章.热释电红外传感器的类别特性及应用.长春大学学报,2004,14(6)：22.
[20]D Reago, S Horn, J Campbell, et al. oration imagingsensor system concep ts. Proc. SP IE,1999, 3701:108-11
[21]M Z Tidrow, W A Beck, W W Clark, et al. Device physicand focal p lane app lications of QW IP andMCT. Op to-Electron. Rev.,1999,7:283-296.
[22]A C Goldberg, SW Kennerly, JW L ittle, et al. Compar2ison of HgCdTe and QW1P dual2band Focal p lane arrays. Proc. SP IE,2001,4369:532-546.
[23]JAHANZEB A, TRAVERS C M, CEL IK2BU TL ERZ, et al. A semiconductor YBaCuO microbolometer for room temperature IR imaging. IEEE Transac2tions on Elect ron Devices,1997,44 (10):1 79521 801.
[24]BATRA A K, A GGARWAL M D, LAL R B. Growthand characterization of doped DTGS crystals for inf ra2red sensing devices. Materials Letters,2003,57(24):394323 948.
[25]MCEWEN R K, MANNIN G P A. European uncooledthermal imaging sensors. Proceedings of SPIE,1999,3 698:3222337.
[26]BELCHER J F, HANSON C M, BERATAN H R, etal. Uncooled monolithic ferroelect ric IRFPA technology. Proceedings of SPIE,1998,3 436:6112622.
[27]TODD M A, MANNIN G P A, DONOHUE O D, etal. Thin film ferroelect ric materials for microbolometerarrays. Proceedings of SPIE,2000,4 130:1282139.
[28]ROGALSKI A. Review inf rared detectors:status andt rends. Progress in Quantum Elect ronics, 2003,27(2):592210.
[29]陈实,张海波,姜胜林,等.热释电非制冷红外焦平面现状及发展趋势,红外与激光程,2006,35
[30]金娜,刘卫国.热释电探测器的前置放大电路研究.西安工业大学学报.2004,24(3)：244.
[31]王三红,吴小清,姚熹.复合热释电薄膜红外探测器的制备和性能测试.西安交通大学学报,2001,35
[32]陈继述,胡燮荣,徐平茂.红外探测器.北京：国防工业出版社,1986.
[33]杨乐平,李海涛,杨磊.LabVIEW程序设计与应用.北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[34]林武文,等.红外探测技术的发展.激光与红外,2006,9(36)：840-843.
[35]高国龙.走向第3代HgCdTe红外探测器.红外,2004,11：35-38.
[36]李熙莹,倪国强,蔡娜.红外探测系统在反巡航导弹中的应用.激光与红外,2003,1：8～12
[37]任全,李为民.反巡航导弹中的红外探测预警分析.战术导弹控制技术,2005,4：42-45
[38]祝永坚,陈钱.新型红外探测系统通信模块的设计.现代电子技术,2005,10：4-6
[39]蔡毅,胡旭.红外成像寻的用红外探测器现状和发展趋势.红外与激光工程,2006 1：7-11
[40]白洪斌.红外探测器在武器系统中的应用.航空兵器,2001,3：47-48
[41]汪朝群.红外探测跟踪技术在复合寻的制导中的应用前景.红外与激光工程,2006,1：21～24
[42]李怀琼,陈钱,高文昆.红外焦平面阵列失效元动态检测与校正算法.红外与激光工程,2006,2：192-196
[43]高听,许峰.红外探测技术对多目标弹道参数的测量.光电工程,2004,10：5-8
[2]王之江.光学设计理论基础,北京：科学出版社,1985,124-136.
[3]S Roger Horman, etc. Seaborne Electro-Optical Sensors and Their Technologies. SPIE 1999, Vol.3698: 12-231.
[4]杨臣华等.激光与红外技术手册.北京：国防工业出版社,1990,744-775.
[5]红外与激光技术编辑组.红外手册红外系统.1980,37-45.
[6]石晓光,王彬,杨进华.红外系统,兵器工业出版社,2005,55-58
[7]王泽和,舰用IRST系统的发展及应用,现代防御技术,2001,Vol.29,1,26-29.小哈德逊,红外系统原理,北京：国防工业出版社,1975,210-260.
[8]杨宜禾,岳敏,红外系统,北京：国防工业出版社,1985,214-235.
[9]陈玻若,红外系统,北京：国防出版社,1988,271-280
[10]杨应槐,石峰,小目标探测技术的研究,红外与激光技术,1989,17-19
[11]王义玉,红外探测器,北京,兵器工业出版社,1992,116-119
[12]Warren, J. Smitch, ZEMAX,User's Guide,2000,4:41-45.
[13]徐惠民等,单片微型计算机原理、接口、应用,北京邮电学院出版社,1990
[14]陈建铎,单片机应用技术,陕西科学技术出版社,1991
[15]红外探测器参数检定规程,中国光学学会,1982
[16]Hudson R D, J r:Infrared System Engineering1W ileyl,1969.
[17]戴逸松等,177-300K低频噪声谱测量及分析系统,仪器仪表学报,1995(8)
[18]雷玉堂,王庆有,何加铭,等.光电检测技术.北京：中国计量出版社,2002.
[19]闫军,庄乾章.热释电红外传感器的类别特性及应用.长春大学学报,2004,14(6)：22.
[20]D Reago, S Horn, J Campbell, et al. oration imagingsensor system concep ts. Proc. SP IE,1999, 3701:108-11
[21]M Z Tidrow, W A Beck, W W Clark, et al. Device physicand focal p lane app lications of QW IP andMCT. Op to-Electron. Rev.,1999,7:283-296.
[22]A C Goldberg, SW Kennerly, JW L ittle, et al. Compar2ison of HgCdTe and QW1P dual2band Focal p lane arrays. Proc. SP IE,2001,4369:532-546.
[23]JAHANZEB A, TRAVERS C M, CEL IK2BU TL ERZ, et al. A semiconductor YBaCuO microbolometer for room temperature IR imaging. IEEE Transac2tions on Elect ron Devices,1997,44 (10):1 79521 801.
[24]BATRA A K, A GGARWAL M D, LAL R B. Growthand characterization of doped DTGS crystals for inf ra2red sensing devices. Materials Letters,2003,57(24):394323 948.
[25]MCEWEN R K, MANNIN G P A. European uncooledthermal imaging sensors. Proceedings of SPIE,1999,3 698:3222337.
[26]BELCHER J F, HANSON C M, BERATAN H R, etal. Uncooled monolithic ferroelect ric IRFPA technology. Proceedings of SPIE,1998,3 436:6112622.
[27]TODD M A, MANNIN G P A, DONOHUE O D, etal. Thin film ferroelect ric materials for microbolometerarrays. Proceedings of SPIE,2000,4 130:1282139.
[28]ROGALSKI A. Review inf rared detectors:status andt rends. Progress in Quantum Elect ronics, 2003,27(2):592210.
[29]陈实,张海波,姜胜林,等.热释电非制冷红外焦平面现状及发展趋势,红外与激光程,2006,35
[30]金娜,刘卫国.热释电探测器的前置放大电路研究.西安工业大学学报.2004,24(3)：244.
[31]王三红,吴小清,姚熹.复合热释电薄膜红外探测器的制备和性能测试.西安交通大学学报,2001,35
[32]陈继述,胡燮荣,徐平茂.红外探测器.北京：国防工业出版社,1986.
[33]杨乐平,李海涛,杨磊.LabVIEW程序设计与应用.北京：电子工业出版社,2005.
[34]林武文,等.红外探测技术的发展.激光与红外,2006,9(36)：840-843.
[35]高国龙.走向第3代HgCdTe红外探测器.红外,2004,11：35-38.
[36]李熙莹,倪国强,蔡娜.红外探测系统在反巡航导弹中的应用.激光与红外,2003,1：8～12
[37]任全,李为民.反巡航导弹中的红外探测预警分析.战术导弹控制技术,2005,4：42-45
[38]祝永坚,陈钱.新型红外探测系统通信模块的设计.现代电子技术,2005,10：4-6
[39]蔡毅,胡旭.红外成像寻的用红外探测器现状和发展趋势.红外与激光工程,2006 1：7-11
[40]白洪斌.红外探测器在武器系统中的应用.航空兵器,2001,3：47-48
[41]汪朝群.红外探测跟踪技术在复合寻的制导中的应用前景.红外与激光工程,2006,1：21～24
[42]李怀琼,陈钱,高文昆.红外焦平面阵列失效元动态检测与校正算法.红外与激光工程,2006,2：192-196
[43]高听,许峰.红外探测技术对多目标弹道参数的测量.光电工程,2004,10：5-8