基于配电系统可靠性的开关优化配置研究
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摘要
近年来,随着用电需求的不断增加,电力系统的规模也日益扩大,人们对电网供电可靠性的要求也越来越高。为了进一步研究如何切实改善配电网薄弱环节,并在配电网改造过程中兼顾电网可靠性与经济性,本论文研究了配电网开关类设备的优化配置方法。
文章提出用以配电网可靠性的开关优化配置方法,在保证用户供电可靠率指标的前提下,使得开关配置的综合费用最低。根据线路开关的安装信息,采用故障扩散的方法分别进行开关优化前后配电网络的可靠性评估。并在此基础上以系统开关配置的总费用与系统平均供电不可靠率的加权和最小为目标函数建立优化模型,采用改进的PSO算法得到开关配置方案。后期引入变异因子有效的保证了群体多样性,增强了全局搜索能力。通过应用于实例测试,PSO算法简单,收敛速度快；优化前后系统的可靠性指标改善明显并取得较好的经济效益。若将该成果推广应用,将取得比较客观的社会效益和经济效益。
最后,在VC++6.0环境下,开发了开关优化配置提高配电系统可靠性系统。该系统操作界面友好,能处理复杂配电网的计算,有利于结果的比较分析,可用于配电网优化规划的辅助决策支持。
Recent years, the size of power system has expanded gradually, and the customers demand for the distribution network reliability becoming higher. How to improve the weaknesses of the distribution network effectively, and give both considerations to reliability and economy, this paper studied the switching devices optimized configuration on it.
This paper presents a method of switches optimizing, on the premise of ensuring Average Supply Available Index, to reach the lowest charge of integrated switches. According to the instillation information of switches, using the method of fault pervasion to get the reliable assessment for distribution network, and on this basis, set up a sample to achieve the minimum weighted sum function of charge of integrated switch and Average Supply Available Index, introduce the advanced PSO algorithm to get switch optimization. Calculation examples show that the PSO algorithm is simple and is able to converge much faster. Then, the utilization of variation ensures the diversity of the groups effectively, enhances whole search capability. By testing it in experience, obtained better economic profit and improved the reliability indexes significantly.
Finally, the system of reliability evaluation and optimal switching device of distribution network has been developed in VC++6.0. This system has friendly interface, can deal with complex calculations of the distribution network, and helpful to the result analysis. It can be used to aid decision-support of the distribution network optimal planning.
文章提出用以配电网可靠性的开关优化配置方法,在保证用户供电可靠率指标的前提下,使得开关配置的综合费用最低。根据线路开关的安装信息,采用故障扩散的方法分别进行开关优化前后配电网络的可靠性评估。并在此基础上以系统开关配置的总费用与系统平均供电不可靠率的加权和最小为目标函数建立优化模型,采用改进的PSO算法得到开关配置方案。后期引入变异因子有效的保证了群体多样性,增强了全局搜索能力。通过应用于实例测试,PSO算法简单,收敛速度快；优化前后系统的可靠性指标改善明显并取得较好的经济效益。若将该成果推广应用,将取得比较客观的社会效益和经济效益。
最后,在VC++6.0环境下,开发了开关优化配置提高配电系统可靠性系统。该系统操作界面友好,能处理复杂配电网的计算,有利于结果的比较分析,可用于配电网优化规划的辅助决策支持。
Recent years, the size of power system has expanded gradually, and the customers demand for the distribution network reliability becoming higher. How to improve the weaknesses of the distribution network effectively, and give both considerations to reliability and economy, this paper studied the switching devices optimized configuration on it.
This paper presents a method of switches optimizing, on the premise of ensuring Average Supply Available Index, to reach the lowest charge of integrated switches. According to the instillation information of switches, using the method of fault pervasion to get the reliable assessment for distribution network, and on this basis, set up a sample to achieve the minimum weighted sum function of charge of integrated switch and Average Supply Available Index, introduce the advanced PSO algorithm to get switch optimization. Calculation examples show that the PSO algorithm is simple and is able to converge much faster. Then, the utilization of variation ensures the diversity of the groups effectively, enhances whole search capability. By testing it in experience, obtained better economic profit and improved the reliability indexes significantly.
Finally, the system of reliability evaluation and optimal switching device of distribution network has been developed in VC++6.0. This system has friendly interface, can deal with complex calculations of the distribution network, and helpful to the result analysis. It can be used to aid decision-support of the distribution network optimal planning.
引文
[1]王锡凡.电力系统规划基础[M].北京：中国电力出版社,1994.
[2]郭永基.电力系统可靠性分析[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[3]郭永基,白同朔,费翊群,等.电力工业可靠性概论[M].北京：中国电机工程学会可靠性专业委员会出版,1984.
[4]张鹏,郭永基.基于故障模式分析法的大规模配电系统可靠性评估[J].清华大学学报,2002,42(3)：353～357.
[5]别朝红,王秀丽,王锡凡.复杂配电系统的可靠性评估[J].西安交通大学学报,2000,34(8)：9-13.
[6]戴雯霞,吴捷.基于最小路的配电网可靠性快速评估算法[J].电力自动化设备,2002,22(7)：29～31.
[7]姚李孝,彭金宁.复杂配电系统的可靠性评估[J].西安理工大学学报,1995：198～201.
[8]万国成,任震,田翔.配电网可靠性评估的网络等值法模型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(5)：48～52.
[9]卫志农,周封伟,肖川凌,等.基于简化网络模型的复杂中压配电网分析可靠性评估算法[J].电网技术,2006,30(15)：72～75.
[10]沈亚东,侯牧武.应用单向等值法评估配电网可靠性[J].电网技术,2004,28(7)：68～72.
[11]谢开贵,周平,周家启.基于故障扩散的复杂中压配电系统可靠性评估算法[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(4)：45～48.
[12]李卫星,李志民,刘迎春.复杂辐射状配电系统的可靠性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(3)：69～73.
[13]姚李孝,赵兵,催杜武.基于多级B-C-N-M域子网络故障扩散的复杂配电系统可靠性评估[J].电工技术学报,2005,20(10)：103～108.
[14]别朝红,王锡凡.蒙特卡洛法在评估电力系统可靠性中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,1997,21(6)：68～75.
[15]万国成,任震,吴日升.混合法在复杂配电网可靠性评估中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(9)：92～98.
[16]王鲸涛,谢开贵,曹侃.配电网开关优化配置研究现状与展望[J].电网技术,2008,32(16)：47～52.
[17]万国成,任震,荆勇.主馈线分段开关设置的研究[J].电机工程学报,2003,23(4)124～127.
[18]谢开贵,周家启.基于免疫算法的配电网开关优化配置模型[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(15)：35～39.
[19]王俊峰,谢开贵,周家启.配电网开关优化配置的改进遗传算法[J].电网技术,2005,29(19)：27～32.
[20]史燕琨,王东,孙辉.基于综合费用最低的配电网开关优化配置[J].电机工程学报,2004,24
(9)：136～141.
[21]王艳松,陈国明,张加胜.基于小生境遗传算法的配电网开关优化配置[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(15)：82～86.
[22]龙晓慧,乐秀瑶,罗栋梁.用于配电网开关优化配置问题的二进制PSO算法[J].电力学报,2007,22(3)：319～322.
[23]谢开贵,刘柏私,赵渊.配电网开关优化配置的动态规划算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(11)：29～34.
[24]沈晓东,刘俊勇,孙毅.改进的分布最优法在配电网开关优化配置中的应用[J].电力系统自动化设备,2003,23(12)：9-12.
[25]王艳松,陈国明,张加胜.蚁群算法在油田配电网开关优化配置中的应用[J].2006,21(5)：82～86.
[26]王艳松,赵智,陈国明.应用禁忌搜索算法优化配电网的开关配置[J].高电压技术,2005,31(3)：74～76.
[27]龙晓慧,乐秀璠,罗栋梁.用于配电网开关优化配置问题的二进制PSO算法[J].电力学报,2007,22(3)：319～322.
[28]纪震,廖惠连,吴青华.粒子群算法及其应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2009.
[29]杨维,李岐强.粒子群优化算法综述[J].中国工程科学,2004,6(5)：87-94.
[30]Shi Y.Eberhart R. C. A modified particle swarm optimizer[C]. IEEE Press. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation,1998,69～73.
[31]Shi Y.Eberhart R. C. Empirical study of particle swarm optimization[C]. Piscataway, NJ, IEEE Service Center. Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation,1999,1945-1950.
[32]王守相,王成山.配电网节点优化编号方案比较[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(8)：54～58.
[33]R N Allan, R Billiton. A Reliability Test System for Education Purposes-basic Distribution System Data and Results[J]. IEEE Trans On Power System,1991,6(2):813～820.
[34]Billiton R, Jonnavithula S. A Test System for Teaching Overall Power System Reliability Assessment[J]. IEEE Trans On Power System,1996,11(3):1670～1676.
[35]熊俊,肖先勇.基于广度优先搜索算法和区域节点行向量法的复杂配电网络可靠性[J].电网技术,2007,31(9)：27～32.
[36]邵黎,谢开贵,何潇.用于复杂配电网潮流计算和可靠性评估的树状链表和递归搜索方法[J].电网技术,2007,31(13)：39～43.
[37]王俊峰.配电网可靠性评估及开关优化配置研究[D].重庆：重庆大学,2005：24～27.
[38]王存睿,段晓东,刘向东.改进基本粒子群优化算法[J].计算机工程,2004,30(21)：35～37.
[39]李宁,孙德宝,岑翼刚.带变异算子的粒子群优化算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,17(12)：12～15.
[40]孙鑫,余安萍.VC++深入详解[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[41]侯俊杰.深入浅出MFC(第二版)[M].武汉：华中科技大学,2001.
[42]姚李孝.复杂配电系统可靠性研究[D].西安：西安理工大学,2006.
[43]Jen-Hao Teng, Chan-Nan Lu. Feeder-Switch Relocation for Customer Interruption Cost Minimization [J]. IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2002,17(1):254～259.
[44]Ying He, Groan Anderson and RonN. Allan. Determining optimum location and number of automatic switching device in distribution systems[C]. IEEE Power Tech'99 Conference,1999, Hungary.
[45]G. Cell and F. Pilo. Optimal sectionalizing switches allocation in distribution networks [J]. IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1999,14(3):1167～1172.
[46]P. Wang, R. Billion. Demand-side optimal selection of switching device in radial distribution system planning[J]. Proceeding of IEE G T. D.,1998,195(4):409～414.
[47]LevitinG., Mazal-Tov S., ElmakisD. Optimal sectionalizes allocation in electric distribution systems by genetic algorithm[J]. Electrical Power System Research,1994,31:97-102.
[48]R. Billion, Satish Jonnavithula. Optimal switching device placement in radial distribution systems[J]. IEEE Trans on Power System,1996,11(3):1646～1651.
[49]赵永良,曹侃,谢开贵.可靠性成本效益分析法在配电网开关配置方案优选中的应用[J].电力设备,2006,7(12)：85～89.
[50]施光燕,董加礼.最优化方法[M].北京：高等教育出版社,1999.
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[2]郭永基.电力系统可靠性分析[M].北京：清华大学出版社,2003.
[3]郭永基,白同朔,费翊群,等.电力工业可靠性概论[M].北京：中国电机工程学会可靠性专业委员会出版,1984.
[4]张鹏,郭永基.基于故障模式分析法的大规模配电系统可靠性评估[J].清华大学学报,2002,42(3)：353～357.
[5]别朝红,王秀丽,王锡凡.复杂配电系统的可靠性评估[J].西安交通大学学报,2000,34(8)：9-13.
[6]戴雯霞,吴捷.基于最小路的配电网可靠性快速评估算法[J].电力自动化设备,2002,22(7)：29～31.
[7]姚李孝,彭金宁.复杂配电系统的可靠性评估[J].西安理工大学学报,1995：198～201.
[8]万国成,任震,田翔.配电网可靠性评估的网络等值法模型研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(5)：48～52.
[9]卫志农,周封伟,肖川凌,等.基于简化网络模型的复杂中压配电网分析可靠性评估算法[J].电网技术,2006,30(15)：72～75.
[10]沈亚东,侯牧武.应用单向等值法评估配电网可靠性[J].电网技术,2004,28(7)：68～72.
[11]谢开贵,周平,周家启.基于故障扩散的复杂中压配电系统可靠性评估算法[J].电力系统自动化,2001,25(4)：45～48.
[12]李卫星,李志民,刘迎春.复杂辐射状配电系统的可靠性评估[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(3)：69～73.
[13]姚李孝,赵兵,催杜武.基于多级B-C-N-M域子网络故障扩散的复杂配电系统可靠性评估[J].电工技术学报,2005,20(10)：103～108.
[14]别朝红,王锡凡.蒙特卡洛法在评估电力系统可靠性中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,1997,21(6)：68～75.
[15]万国成,任震,吴日升.混合法在复杂配电网可靠性评估中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,2004,24(9)：92～98.
[16]王鲸涛,谢开贵,曹侃.配电网开关优化配置研究现状与展望[J].电网技术,2008,32(16)：47～52.
[17]万国成,任震,荆勇.主馈线分段开关设置的研究[J].电机工程学报,2003,23(4)124～127.
[18]谢开贵,周家启.基于免疫算法的配电网开关优化配置模型[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(15)：35～39.
[19]王俊峰,谢开贵,周家启.配电网开关优化配置的改进遗传算法[J].电网技术,2005,29(19)：27～32.
[20]史燕琨,王东,孙辉.基于综合费用最低的配电网开关优化配置[J].电机工程学报,2004,24
(9)：136～141.
[21]王艳松,陈国明,张加胜.基于小生境遗传算法的配电网开关优化配置[J].电工技术学报,2006,21(15)：82～86.
[22]龙晓慧,乐秀瑶,罗栋梁.用于配电网开关优化配置问题的二进制PSO算法[J].电力学报,2007,22(3)：319～322.
[23]谢开贵,刘柏私,赵渊.配电网开关优化配置的动态规划算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2005,25(11)：29～34.
[24]沈晓东,刘俊勇,孙毅.改进的分布最优法在配电网开关优化配置中的应用[J].电力系统自动化设备,2003,23(12)：9-12.
[25]王艳松,陈国明,张加胜.蚁群算法在油田配电网开关优化配置中的应用[J].2006,21(5)：82～86.
[26]王艳松,赵智,陈国明.应用禁忌搜索算法优化配电网的开关配置[J].高电压技术,2005,31(3)：74～76.
[27]龙晓慧,乐秀璠,罗栋梁.用于配电网开关优化配置问题的二进制PSO算法[J].电力学报,2007,22(3)：319～322.
[28]纪震,廖惠连,吴青华.粒子群算法及其应用[M].北京：科学出版社,2009.
[29]杨维,李岐强.粒子群优化算法综述[J].中国工程科学,2004,6(5)：87-94.
[30]Shi Y.Eberhart R. C. A modified particle swarm optimizer[C]. IEEE Press. Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation,1998,69～73.
[31]Shi Y.Eberhart R. C. Empirical study of particle swarm optimization[C]. Piscataway, NJ, IEEE Service Center. Proceedings of the 1999 Congress on Evolutionary Computation,1999,1945-1950.
[32]王守相,王成山.配电网节点优化编号方案比较[J].电力系统自动化,2003,27(8)：54～58.
[33]R N Allan, R Billiton. A Reliability Test System for Education Purposes-basic Distribution System Data and Results[J]. IEEE Trans On Power System,1991,6(2):813～820.
[34]Billiton R, Jonnavithula S. A Test System for Teaching Overall Power System Reliability Assessment[J]. IEEE Trans On Power System,1996,11(3):1670～1676.
[35]熊俊,肖先勇.基于广度优先搜索算法和区域节点行向量法的复杂配电网络可靠性[J].电网技术,2007,31(9)：27～32.
[36]邵黎,谢开贵,何潇.用于复杂配电网潮流计算和可靠性评估的树状链表和递归搜索方法[J].电网技术,2007,31(13)：39～43.
[37]王俊峰.配电网可靠性评估及开关优化配置研究[D].重庆：重庆大学,2005：24～27.
[38]王存睿,段晓东,刘向东.改进基本粒子群优化算法[J].计算机工程,2004,30(21)：35～37.
[39]李宁,孙德宝,岑翼刚.带变异算子的粒子群优化算法[J].计算机工程与应用,2004,17(12)：12～15.
[40]孙鑫,余安萍.VC++深入详解[M].北京：电子工业出版社,2006.
[41]侯俊杰.深入浅出MFC(第二版)[M].武汉：华中科技大学,2001.
[42]姚李孝.复杂配电系统可靠性研究[D].西安：西安理工大学,2006.
[43]Jen-Hao Teng, Chan-Nan Lu. Feeder-Switch Relocation for Customer Interruption Cost Minimization [J]. IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,2002,17(1):254～259.
[44]Ying He, Groan Anderson and RonN. Allan. Determining optimum location and number of automatic switching device in distribution systems[C]. IEEE Power Tech'99 Conference,1999, Hungary.
[45]G. Cell and F. Pilo. Optimal sectionalizing switches allocation in distribution networks [J]. IEEE Trans on Power Delivery,1999,14(3):1167～1172.
[46]P. Wang, R. Billion. Demand-side optimal selection of switching device in radial distribution system planning[J]. Proceeding of IEE G T. D.,1998,195(4):409～414.
[47]LevitinG., Mazal-Tov S., ElmakisD. Optimal sectionalizes allocation in electric distribution systems by genetic algorithm[J]. Electrical Power System Research,1994,31:97-102.
[48]R. Billion, Satish Jonnavithula. Optimal switching device placement in radial distribution systems[J]. IEEE Trans on Power System,1996,11(3):1646～1651.
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