双极膜填充床电渗析过程传质特征的研究
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摘要
本文对双极膜填充床电渗析过程的水解离影响因素和传质特征进行探讨研究,为离子交换树脂电再生技术以及酸碱废液的回收利用提供理论支撑。
组成两隔室和三隔室不同膜排列的双极膜电渗析装置,通过试验分析,得出三隔室双极膜电渗析的最佳操作电压为60V,当盐室浓度为1.5%～2.2%时,电流效率最大,且循环两周期即可得到pH值为2.43的酸液和pH值为11.60的碱液,电流效率可达55%;与两隔室双极膜电渗析比,三隔室双极膜电渗析器电流效率较大,产酸碱较快,传质速率方面优势明显。
以三隔室填充床电渗析器为研究对象,进行水解离(盐溶液)试验,结果表明,在双极膜填充床电渗析过程中,填充的离子交换树脂作为离子传导的有效途径,加快了离子迁移速度,大大促进了膜堆的水解离反应;当操作电压为50V,盐室浓度为0.21—0.27mol/L时,即可得到pH值为2.50的酸液和pH值为11.52的碱液,电流效率可达88%,在能耗方面更具有明显优势;并根据试验结果得出双极膜填充床电渗析的Ⅰ-Ⅴ,pH-Ⅰ特征曲线。利用三隔室填充床电渗析器静态再生离子交换树脂,当再生电压为60V,再生时间为60min时,该装置的再生效果接近化学再生效果显示了良好的技术可行性。最后在电渗析传质过程和双极膜离子传递过程理论基础上,得出双极膜填充床电渗析的传质基本方程,并推导出可反应碱室浓度变化趋势的简化模型。
The influencing factors of water splitting and the mass transfer process characteristic in the process of the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed are discussed. It provides the theory bases for the technology of ion exchange resin electricity regeneration and the recycling of the sour and alkali waste liquid.
The two-chamber electrodialysis and the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane are composed in different films arrangement, by the analysis of experiments, the best applied voltage of the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane is 60 V. When the the salt cell varies with a concentration of 1.5%-2.2% , the current efficiency are maximal and two circulating periods can respectively make the pH value of acid liquors and alkali liquors to be 2.43 and 11.60, the current efficiency may amount to 55%. The current efficiency of the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane is higher, the production of sour alkali is more quicker, and the advantage in the aspect of the mass transfer process is obvious. Comparing with the two-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane.
The experiment of water splitting (the salt solution) takes the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane as the object of study, the result of the experiment indicates that in the process of the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed, as the effective conduction method, ion filling up resin accelerates the removing speed of the ion and greatly boosts the reaction of the water splitting. When the applied voltage is 50 V and the salt-cell varies with a concentration of 0.21-0.27mol / L, it can respectively makes the pH value of acid liquors and alkali liquors to be 2.50 and 11.52, the current efficiency could amount to 88%; the advantage in the aspect of energy consumption is obvious. According to the result of the experiment, the I-V and the pH-I characteristic curve of the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed is observed. Making use of static regeneration ion exchange resin that be installed with the implement of the three-chamber bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed. When the regeneration voltage is 60 V and the regeneration time reaches to 60 mins, the regeneration effect of the device approaches to the chemistry regeneration effect and the experiment demonstrates that the technology is feasible. Finally, on the theory base of the mass transfer process of the electrodialysis and the bipolar membrane, fundamental equation of the mass transfer in the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed is obtained, and simplification of model which shows the trend of the concentrationchanges in the alkali-cell is deduced.
组成两隔室和三隔室不同膜排列的双极膜电渗析装置,通过试验分析,得出三隔室双极膜电渗析的最佳操作电压为60V,当盐室浓度为1.5%～2.2%时,电流效率最大,且循环两周期即可得到pH值为2.43的酸液和pH值为11.60的碱液,电流效率可达55%;与两隔室双极膜电渗析比,三隔室双极膜电渗析器电流效率较大,产酸碱较快,传质速率方面优势明显。
以三隔室填充床电渗析器为研究对象,进行水解离(盐溶液)试验,结果表明,在双极膜填充床电渗析过程中,填充的离子交换树脂作为离子传导的有效途径,加快了离子迁移速度,大大促进了膜堆的水解离反应;当操作电压为50V,盐室浓度为0.21—0.27mol/L时,即可得到pH值为2.50的酸液和pH值为11.52的碱液,电流效率可达88%,在能耗方面更具有明显优势;并根据试验结果得出双极膜填充床电渗析的Ⅰ-Ⅴ,pH-Ⅰ特征曲线。利用三隔室填充床电渗析器静态再生离子交换树脂,当再生电压为60V,再生时间为60min时,该装置的再生效果接近化学再生效果显示了良好的技术可行性。最后在电渗析传质过程和双极膜离子传递过程理论基础上,得出双极膜填充床电渗析的传质基本方程,并推导出可反应碱室浓度变化趋势的简化模型。
The influencing factors of water splitting and the mass transfer process characteristic in the process of the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed are discussed. It provides the theory bases for the technology of ion exchange resin electricity regeneration and the recycling of the sour and alkali waste liquid.
The two-chamber electrodialysis and the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane are composed in different films arrangement, by the analysis of experiments, the best applied voltage of the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane is 60 V. When the the salt cell varies with a concentration of 1.5%-2.2% , the current efficiency are maximal and two circulating periods can respectively make the pH value of acid liquors and alkali liquors to be 2.43 and 11.60, the current efficiency may amount to 55%. The current efficiency of the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane is higher, the production of sour alkali is more quicker, and the advantage in the aspect of the mass transfer process is obvious. Comparing with the two-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane.
The experiment of water splitting (the salt solution) takes the three-chamber electrodialysis with bipolar membrane as the object of study, the result of the experiment indicates that in the process of the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed, as the effective conduction method, ion filling up resin accelerates the removing speed of the ion and greatly boosts the reaction of the water splitting. When the applied voltage is 50 V and the salt-cell varies with a concentration of 0.21-0.27mol / L, it can respectively makes the pH value of acid liquors and alkali liquors to be 2.50 and 11.52, the current efficiency could amount to 88%; the advantage in the aspect of energy consumption is obvious. According to the result of the experiment, the I-V and the pH-I characteristic curve of the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed is observed. Making use of static regeneration ion exchange resin that be installed with the implement of the three-chamber bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed. When the regeneration voltage is 60 V and the regeneration time reaches to 60 mins, the regeneration effect of the device approaches to the chemistry regeneration effect and the experiment demonstrates that the technology is feasible. Finally, on the theory base of the mass transfer process of the electrodialysis and the bipolar membrane, fundamental equation of the mass transfer in the bipolar membrane packed electrodialysis bed is obtained, and simplification of model which shows the trend of the concentrationchanges in the alkali-cell is deduced.
引文
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[17]刘国昌,刘宏斌,吕晓龙等.EDI膜堆填充材料及其填充方式的研究进展[J].水处理技术2007,33(11):6-10
[18]徐铜文.均相离子交换膜暨双极膜的制备及其水解离机理研究.博士后出站报告[R].南开大学,1997
[19]廖尚志,莫剑雄.双极膜的发展和应用[J].水处理技术,1995,21(6):311-318
[20]Liu K J,Lee H L.Bipolar Membranes[P].US patent 4584246,1986-4-22
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[26]Elena Lobyntseva,Tanja Kallio,Kyosti Kontturi.Bipolar membranes in forward bias region for fuel cell reactors.Elctrochimica Acta,2006,51:1165-1171
[27]莫剑雄.双极膜工作电压的理论分析[J].水处理技术,1998,24(4):187-194.
[28]莫剑雄.影响双极膜电学性能的几个关键问题的讨论[J].水处理技术,1999,25(4):187-192
[29]廖尚志,莫剑雄.双极膜的发展和应用[J].水处理技术,1995,21(6):311-317
[30]徐铜文,杨伟华,何炳林.双极膜水解离现象--双极膜的物理构型、离子传递及其水解离压降分析[J].中国科学(B辑),1999,29(6):481-488
[31]傅荣强,徐铜文,杨伟华.双极膜中间界面层研究进展[J].膜科学与技术,2002,22(5):42-47
[32]徐铜文,傅荣强,杨伟华.食品工业中的双极膜技术[J].膜科学与技术,2003,23(4):190-195
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[34]陈迁乔,钟秦,邢鹏.应用双极膜电渗析法再生脱硫废液工艺的研究[J].江苏化工,2005,33(5):28-31
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