铁碳微电解催化还原法处理铜冶炼废水中重金属离子的研究
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摘要
目前,铜冶炼废水的主要处理方式是石灰法等中和沉淀法。但是此类方法产生大量沉渣难以回收资源,造成二次污染,且处理过的废水硬度高影响回用。为铜冶炼废水治理寻求新的出路已经成为铜冶炼企业的重要任务。
铁碳微电解催化还原法通过在单质铁中加入炭组成许多微原电池,增强了铁基体的还原性能和反应速率,从而加强铁对一些金属去除作用。
试验用单一铁屑置换与铁碳微电解对废水的处理进行了比较,为考查对单一Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的单独处理效果与影响因素,试验除对云南铜业股份有限公司(以下简称云铜)的实际废水进行试验外,还配制了含单一离子的模拟废水。试验结果表明,对模拟废水和实际废水的处理,微电解都要比单一铁屑的处理效果明显要好,其中对模拟废水中Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的去除率分别为94.7%、78.8%、58%,对实际废水中Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的去除率分别为95.61%、91.8%、70.9%。微电解处理实际冶炼废水的最佳试验条件为：初始pH值为3,铁碳总量为5g/0.1L,铁炭质量比为1,无曝气,反应时间为30min。
论文利用重金属水系羟合配离子平衡理论分析了Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+在不同pH值下的羟合配离子形态和溶解度。为进一步分析试验过程机理,对处理后的铁碳进行了SEM&EDS、XPS、XRD等测试分析。
铁碳微电解法对酸性重金属铜冶炼废水的处理取得了较为理想的效果,具有一定的理论和现实意义,能为我国冶炼废水的处理难题起到抛砖引玉的作用。
Nowadays, the most usual ways to treat wastwater of copper metallurgy is antacid method such as lime method, however, this kind of ways produce a lage number of sediment,making it difficult to reuse and leading to a second-time pollution. Further more,it makes it difficult to reuse because of a high rigidity. The treatment to wastewater has become a pivotal factor to the copper-smelt factory.
Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis catalytic deoxidization method strengthens the deoxidize capability and the reacting speed by adding active carbon to the iron scraps to make up a micro-batteries,so that strengthen the effect of removment of some metal ions.
The experiment makes a compare between Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis treatment and iron treatment. In order to research the efficiency of treatment and the effect factor to single Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+.The experiment adopted single simulant wastewater as well as factual wast water of Yunnan copper-melting factory.The result shows that Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis method has a much better efficiency of treatment than single iron scraps method with a removal ratio to Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+of 94.7%、78.8%、58% in simulant wastewater and 95.61%、91.8%、70.9% in factual wastewater. The the optimal operating conditions for Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis method to treat factual wastewater were obtained as follows:the pH is 3, the total weight of iron craps and active cabon is 5g/0.1L,the Fe/C is 1,no aeration,and the reacting time is 30 min.
The dissertation analyzes the hydroxyl complex ions and solubility in different pH accordint to the theory of hydroxyl complex ions,balance. In order to fatherly analyze the mechanism of reaction, the author made some analysis such as SEM&EDS,XPS,XRD to the iron craps and active carbon after reacting.
Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis catalytic deoxidization method had presented good experimental effect to heavy metals in wastewater of copper metallurgy. There are some theoretical and realistical value.it will play a positive role in the treatment of copper metallurgy wastewater in our country.
铁碳微电解催化还原法通过在单质铁中加入炭组成许多微原电池,增强了铁基体的还原性能和反应速率,从而加强铁对一些金属去除作用。
试验用单一铁屑置换与铁碳微电解对废水的处理进行了比较,为考查对单一Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的单独处理效果与影响因素,试验除对云南铜业股份有限公司(以下简称云铜)的实际废水进行试验外,还配制了含单一离子的模拟废水。试验结果表明,对模拟废水和实际废水的处理,微电解都要比单一铁屑的处理效果明显要好,其中对模拟废水中Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的去除率分别为94.7%、78.8%、58%,对实际废水中Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+的去除率分别为95.61%、91.8%、70.9%。微电解处理实际冶炼废水的最佳试验条件为：初始pH值为3,铁碳总量为5g/0.1L,铁炭质量比为1,无曝气,反应时间为30min。
论文利用重金属水系羟合配离子平衡理论分析了Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+在不同pH值下的羟合配离子形态和溶解度。为进一步分析试验过程机理,对处理后的铁碳进行了SEM&EDS、XPS、XRD等测试分析。
铁碳微电解法对酸性重金属铜冶炼废水的处理取得了较为理想的效果,具有一定的理论和现实意义,能为我国冶炼废水的处理难题起到抛砖引玉的作用。
Nowadays, the most usual ways to treat wastwater of copper metallurgy is antacid method such as lime method, however, this kind of ways produce a lage number of sediment,making it difficult to reuse and leading to a second-time pollution. Further more,it makes it difficult to reuse because of a high rigidity. The treatment to wastewater has become a pivotal factor to the copper-smelt factory.
Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis catalytic deoxidization method strengthens the deoxidize capability and the reacting speed by adding active carbon to the iron scraps to make up a micro-batteries,so that strengthen the effect of removment of some metal ions.
The experiment makes a compare between Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis treatment and iron treatment. In order to research the efficiency of treatment and the effect factor to single Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+.The experiment adopted single simulant wastewater as well as factual wast water of Yunnan copper-melting factory.The result shows that Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis method has a much better efficiency of treatment than single iron scraps method with a removal ratio to Cu2+、Pb2+、Zn2+of 94.7%、78.8%、58% in simulant wastewater and 95.61%、91.8%、70.9% in factual wastewater. The the optimal operating conditions for Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis method to treat factual wastewater were obtained as follows:the pH is 3, the total weight of iron craps and active cabon is 5g/0.1L,the Fe/C is 1,no aeration,and the reacting time is 30 min.
The dissertation analyzes the hydroxyl complex ions and solubility in different pH accordint to the theory of hydroxyl complex ions,balance. In order to fatherly analyze the mechanism of reaction, the author made some analysis such as SEM&EDS,XPS,XRD to the iron craps and active carbon after reacting.
Iron-Carbon micro-electrolysis catalytic deoxidization method had presented good experimental effect to heavy metals in wastewater of copper metallurgy. There are some theoretical and realistical value.it will play a positive role in the treatment of copper metallurgy wastewater in our country.
引文
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