嵌入式多媒体远程监控系统中MPEG-1实时解码播放组件的设计
摘要
多媒体监控系统以其能够实时、形象、真实地反映被监视控制对象的特性，逐渐成为现代化管理、监测、控制的重要技术手段之一。目前新兴的基于嵌入式技术的多媒体远程监控系统与传统的多媒体监控系统相比具有体积小、现场无需专人值守、成本低、稳定性高、实时性好等优点，具有良好的应用与发展前景。因此研究并开发一种嵌入式多媒体远程监控系统具有很大的实际意义。
嵌入式多媒体监控系统的关键技术之一是多媒体数据的软件解码回放。多媒体数据能否实现实时、稳定、高效、可靠的解码回放，是影响整个嵌入式多媒体远程监控系统性能的一项重要因素，也是实现系统其他功能的基础。本文重点是设计实现一个应用于嵌入式多媒体远程监控系统中的MPEG—1实时解码播放组件，该组件支持多路同时监控，并具有较好的实时性、稳定性和容错性。
本论文首先介绍了多媒体监控技术的国内外发展趋势，课题提出的背景及任务；接着，对组件的总体设计思想、功能模块规划以及提高系统性能的方案进行了总体介绍。然后，详细阐述了组件的各个功能模块的软件设计思想和具体实现：为了提高组件的可维护性，引入了面向对象的设计方法，对组件中各功能模块以独立的类的形式进行设计和实现，使程序结构清晰便于维护和升级。在音频、视频解码模块中，针对解码算法运算量大，耗时长的特点，采用MMX和SSE指令实现核心算法，缩短了解码时间。在视频显示模块中，利用DirectDraw SDK直接对显示器缓存进行操作，使显示速度得到提高。此外本文描述了封装MPEG—1实时解码播放组件所采取的具体方法。最后本文针对MPEG—1实时解码播放组件的结构和性能做出了总结和评价，并提出了一些对今后发展的展望。
Having the features of reflecting the object being monitored and controlled vividly and truly in real time,multimedia surveillance system is becoming one of the important means of modernization management, monitoring and control. Comparing to traditional multimedia surveillance system, the embedded remote multimedia system has the characteristics of small volume, low cost, high stability and etc, so it has good applied and developmental outlook. Therefore it has great significance to research and develop an embedded remote multimedia system.
In embedded remote multimedia surveillance system, whether the multimedia data can be decoded and played back stably, reliably and high efficiently is one of the key factors which affect the system's performance. The task of this research is to design and achive a component used in embedded remote multimedia system ,which perform to decode and playback MPEG-1 data with high efficience.
This thesis begins with brief introduction of the current developing status of multimedia surveillance system, the background under which the project was brought forward ,and the task of this research-Then it introduces the comprehensive design of the component and then in particular discusses the software design of the modules of the component. To improve maintain ability, this thesis adopted object oriented design method, the modules of the component is designed and realized in independent classes, which makes the program clear and easy to maintain. In the audio and video decode modules, to improve the decoding efficiency, this thesis uses MMX and SSE instructions to realize the core algorithms. In the video display module, to improve the display speed, it uses DirectDraw SDK and operates the display memory directly. In addition this thesis introduces the method adopted to encapsulate the whole component. In the end of the thesis, conclusions and evaluations are given about the structure and performance of
the component. A prospect for the further developing is also suggested.
嵌入式多媒体监控系统的关键技术之一是多媒体数据的软件解码回放。多媒体数据能否实现实时、稳定、高效、可靠的解码回放，是影响整个嵌入式多媒体远程监控系统性能的一项重要因素，也是实现系统其他功能的基础。本文重点是设计实现一个应用于嵌入式多媒体远程监控系统中的MPEG—1实时解码播放组件，该组件支持多路同时监控，并具有较好的实时性、稳定性和容错性。
本论文首先介绍了多媒体监控技术的国内外发展趋势，课题提出的背景及任务；接着，对组件的总体设计思想、功能模块规划以及提高系统性能的方案进行了总体介绍。然后，详细阐述了组件的各个功能模块的软件设计思想和具体实现：为了提高组件的可维护性，引入了面向对象的设计方法，对组件中各功能模块以独立的类的形式进行设计和实现，使程序结构清晰便于维护和升级。在音频、视频解码模块中，针对解码算法运算量大，耗时长的特点，采用MMX和SSE指令实现核心算法，缩短了解码时间。在视频显示模块中，利用DirectDraw SDK直接对显示器缓存进行操作，使显示速度得到提高。此外本文描述了封装MPEG—1实时解码播放组件所采取的具体方法。最后本文针对MPEG—1实时解码播放组件的结构和性能做出了总结和评价，并提出了一些对今后发展的展望。
Having the features of reflecting the object being monitored and controlled vividly and truly in real time,multimedia surveillance system is becoming one of the important means of modernization management, monitoring and control. Comparing to traditional multimedia surveillance system, the embedded remote multimedia system has the characteristics of small volume, low cost, high stability and etc, so it has good applied and developmental outlook. Therefore it has great significance to research and develop an embedded remote multimedia system.
In embedded remote multimedia surveillance system, whether the multimedia data can be decoded and played back stably, reliably and high efficiently is one of the key factors which affect the system's performance. The task of this research is to design and achive a component used in embedded remote multimedia system ,which perform to decode and playback MPEG-1 data with high efficience.
This thesis begins with brief introduction of the current developing status of multimedia surveillance system, the background under which the project was brought forward ,and the task of this research-Then it introduces the comprehensive design of the component and then in particular discusses the software design of the modules of the component. To improve maintain ability, this thesis adopted object oriented design method, the modules of the component is designed and realized in independent classes, which makes the program clear and easy to maintain. In the audio and video decode modules, to improve the decoding efficiency, this thesis uses MMX and SSE instructions to realize the core algorithms. In the video display module, to improve the display speed, it uses DirectDraw SDK and operates the display memory directly. In addition this thesis introduces the method adopted to encapsulate the whole component. In the end of the thesis, conclusions and evaluations are given about the structure and performance of
the component. A prospect for the further developing is also suggested.
引文
[1] ISO/IEC 11172-1:1993 Information technology — Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s — Part 1: Systems
[2] ISO/IEC 11172-2:1993 Information technology — Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s — Part 2: Video
[3] ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993 Information technology — Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s — Part 3: Audio
[4] Christoph Loeffler, Adriaan Ligtenberg and George S.Moschytz "Practical fast 1-D dct algorithms with 11 multiplications"
[5] Xingye Yu, Yang Yang Multimedia Data Coding and its Development. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vo17(2000)
[6] Christoph Loeffler, Adriaan Ligtenberg, George S. Moschytz.Practical Fast 1-D DCT Algrithms with 11 Multiplications. Acountics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE, 1989,May
[7] Wen-Hsiung Chen; Smith, C.; Fralick, S.A. Fast Computational Algorithm for the Discrete Cosine Transform; Communications, IEEE Transactions on [legacy, pre - 1988], Volume: 25 Issue: 9, Sep 1977
[8] Zhongde Wang; Reconsideration of "A Fast Computational Algorithm for the Discrete Cosine Transform";Communications, IEEE Transactions on [legacy, pre - 1988], Volume: 31 Issue:1 ,Jan 1983 Page(s):121-123
[9] Zhongde Wang; Fast algorithms for the discrete W transform and for the discrete Fourier transform; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, Aug 1984 Page(s): 803 -816
[10] Feig, E.; Winograd, S.; Fast algorithms for the discrete cosine transform; Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on , Volume: 40 Issue: 9 , Sep 1992 Page(s):2174 -2193
[11] IEEE standard specifications for the implementations of 8x8 inverse discrete cosine transform; IEEE Std 1180-1990, Mar 1991
[12] Byeong Lee;A new algorithm to compute the discrete cosine Transform; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 32 Issue: 6, Dec 1984; Page(s): 1243 -1245
[13] IEEE standard specifications for the implementations of 8x8 inverse discrete cosine transform; IEEE Std 1180-1990, Mar 1991
[14] Vetterli, M.; Fast 2-D discrete cosine transform; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE International Conference on ICASSP '85. , Volume: 10, Apr 1985; Page(s): 1538 -1541
[15] Wu, J.-L.; Hsu, S.-H.; Duh, W.-J.;Two-stage convolver-based DCT and IDCT algorithms; Communications, Speech and Vision, IEE Proceedings I, Volume: 138 Issue: 6, Dec 1991; Page(s): 611 -614
[16] Zhou, M.; Vector-radix IDCT implementation for MPEG decoding; ASIC Conference and Exhibit, 1995., Proceedings of the Eighth Annual IEEE International, 18-22 Sep 1995; Page(s): 75 -78
[17] Yung-Pin Lee; Liang-Gee Chen; Mei-Juan Chen; Chung-Wei Ku; A new design and implementation of 8×8 2-D DCT/IDCT; VLSI Signal Processing, Ⅸ, 1996., 30 Oct-1 Nov 1996; Page(s): 408 -417
[18] Yung-Pin Lee; Thou-Ho Chen; Liang-Gee Chen; Mei-Juan Chen; Chung-Wei Ku; A cost-effective architecture for 8×8 two-dimensional DCT/IDCT using direct method; Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, Jun 1997; Page(s): 459 -467
[19] Xanthopoulos, T.; Chandrakasan, A.; A low-power IDCT macrocell for MPEG2 MP@ML exploiting data distribution properties for minimal activity; VLSI Circuits, 1998. Digest of Technical Papers. 1998 Symposium on , 11-13 Jun 1998; Page(s): 38 -39
[20] Ig-Kyun Kim; Jin-Jong Cha; Han-Jin Cho: A design of 2-D DCT/IDCT for real-time video applications; VLSI and CAD, 1999. ICVC'99.6th International Conference on, 1999; Page(s): 557 -559
[21] Murata, E.; Ikekawa, M.; Kuroda, C.; Fast 2D IDCT implementation with multimedia instructions for a software MPEG2 decoder; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1998. ICASSP '98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on, Volume: 5,12-15 May 1998; Page(s): 3105 -3108 vol.5
[22] Henning, R.; Chakrabarti, C.; A quality/energy tradeoff approach for IDCT computation in MPEG-2 video decoding; Signal Processing Systems, 2000. SiPS 2000. 2000 IEEE Workshop on, 2000; Page(s): 90 -99
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[24] Jacobi, R.P.; de Carvalho, J.P.; DCT design for JPEG decompression in an electronic ballot box; Ingegrated Circuits and Systems Design, 2001, 14th Symposium on., 2001; Page(s): 232-236
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[2] ISO/IEC 11172-2:1993 Information technology — Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s — Part 2: Video
[3] ISO/IEC 11172-3:1993 Information technology — Coding of moving pictures and associated audio for digital storage media at up to about 1,5 Mbit/s — Part 3: Audio
[4] Christoph Loeffler, Adriaan Ligtenberg and George S.Moschytz "Practical fast 1-D dct algorithms with 11 multiplications"
[5] Xingye Yu, Yang Yang Multimedia Data Coding and its Development. Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing Vo17(2000)
[6] Christoph Loeffler, Adriaan Ligtenberg, George S. Moschytz.Practical Fast 1-D DCT Algrithms with 11 Multiplications. Acountics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE, 1989,May
[7] Wen-Hsiung Chen; Smith, C.; Fralick, S.A. Fast Computational Algorithm for the Discrete Cosine Transform; Communications, IEEE Transactions on [legacy, pre - 1988], Volume: 25 Issue: 9, Sep 1977
[8] Zhongde Wang; Reconsideration of "A Fast Computational Algorithm for the Discrete Cosine Transform";Communications, IEEE Transactions on [legacy, pre - 1988], Volume: 31 Issue:1 ,Jan 1983 Page(s):121-123
[9] Zhongde Wang; Fast algorithms for the discrete W transform and for the discrete Fourier transform; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 32 Issue: 4, Aug 1984 Page(s): 803 -816
[10] Feig, E.; Winograd, S.; Fast algorithms for the discrete cosine transform; Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on , Volume: 40 Issue: 9 , Sep 1992 Page(s):2174 -2193
[11] IEEE standard specifications for the implementations of 8x8 inverse discrete cosine transform; IEEE Std 1180-1990, Mar 1991
[12] Byeong Lee;A new algorithm to compute the discrete cosine Transform; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 32 Issue: 6, Dec 1984; Page(s): 1243 -1245
[13] IEEE standard specifications for the implementations of 8x8 inverse discrete cosine transform; IEEE Std 1180-1990, Mar 1991
[14] Vetterli, M.; Fast 2-D discrete cosine transform; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE International Conference on ICASSP '85. , Volume: 10, Apr 1985; Page(s): 1538 -1541
[15] Wu, J.-L.; Hsu, S.-H.; Duh, W.-J.;Two-stage convolver-based DCT and IDCT algorithms; Communications, Speech and Vision, IEE Proceedings I, Volume: 138 Issue: 6, Dec 1991; Page(s): 611 -614
[16] Zhou, M.; Vector-radix IDCT implementation for MPEG decoding; ASIC Conference and Exhibit, 1995., Proceedings of the Eighth Annual IEEE International, 18-22 Sep 1995; Page(s): 75 -78
[17] Yung-Pin Lee; Liang-Gee Chen; Mei-Juan Chen; Chung-Wei Ku; A new design and implementation of 8×8 2-D DCT/IDCT; VLSI Signal Processing, Ⅸ, 1996., 30 Oct-1 Nov 1996; Page(s): 408 -417
[18] Yung-Pin Lee; Thou-Ho Chen; Liang-Gee Chen; Mei-Juan Chen; Chung-Wei Ku; A cost-effective architecture for 8×8 two-dimensional DCT/IDCT using direct method; Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, Jun 1997; Page(s): 459 -467
[19] Xanthopoulos, T.; Chandrakasan, A.; A low-power IDCT macrocell for MPEG2 MP@ML exploiting data distribution properties for minimal activity; VLSI Circuits, 1998. Digest of Technical Papers. 1998 Symposium on , 11-13 Jun 1998; Page(s): 38 -39
[20] Ig-Kyun Kim; Jin-Jong Cha; Han-Jin Cho: A design of 2-D DCT/IDCT for real-time video applications; VLSI and CAD, 1999. ICVC'99.6th International Conference on, 1999; Page(s): 557 -559
[21] Murata, E.; Ikekawa, M.; Kuroda, C.; Fast 2D IDCT implementation with multimedia instructions for a software MPEG2 decoder; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 1998. ICASSP '98. Proceedings of the 1998 IEEE International Conference on, Volume: 5,12-15 May 1998; Page(s): 3105 -3108 vol.5
[22] Henning, R.; Chakrabarti, C.; A quality/energy tradeoff approach for IDCT computation in MPEG-2 video decoding; Signal Processing Systems, 2000. SiPS 2000. 2000 IEEE Workshop on, 2000; Page(s): 90 -99
[23] Winger, L.L.; Source adaptive software 2D iDCT with SIMD; Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 2000. ICASSP '00. Proceedings. 2000 IEEE International Conference on, Volume: 6,2000; Page(s): 3642 -3645 vol.6
[24] Jacobi, R.P.; de Carvalho, J.P.; DCT design for JPEG decompression in an electronic ballot box; Ingegrated Circuits and Systems Design, 2001, 14th Symposium on., 2001; Page(s): 232-236
[25] Rowe, L., Patel, K., Smith, B., and K. Liu, "MPEG Video in Software: Representation, Transmission, and Playback", Proc. High-Speed Networking and Multimedia Computing, San Jose, California, February 8-10, 1994
[26]梁春雁，谢剑英 智能大厦的视频监控系统设计 测控技术 1999，10
[27]施裕丰，陈坚，陈启转，梁炯达．网络式多媒体监控系统 计算机工程2000，3
[28]卢选民，史浩山，张原多媒体监控网络视频多画面全动态显示的设计与实现 小型微型计算机系统 2000，9
[29]胡永红 智能多路视频监控系统的设计 微机发展2001，11
[30]葛广英 网络化多媒体实时监控系统的应用研究 电视技术2001，4
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