政府公共信息资源协作管理研究
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摘要
在信息时代,信息资源已经成一种赢得竞争优势的有力武器,公共信息资源管理也成为了各国政府部门共同关注的重要问题。公共信息资源的范围涉及社会生活的各个方面,含义十分广泛。而其中,面向社会公开的政府信息资源是公共信息资源的重要组成部分。
目前已有的研究不是针对政府信息资源管理,就是针对公共信息资源管理,鲜有研究专门侧重于两者的交集——政府公共信息资源管理这个具体而又重要的领域。政府公共信息资源的收集、处理、开发和利用,一方面是政府信息资源管理的组成部分,涵盖了政府的公共行政职能；另一方面是公共信息资源管理的组成部分,致力于维护公共利益,保证信息资源分配和利用的公平性。因此,政府公共信息资源的有效管理涉及到政府部门、公司企业、第三部门、社会公众的利益,是一个社会协同的过程。传统的公共信息资源管理和政府信息资源管理机制都只包含政府这个单一的管理主体,而必须指出由于政府机构本身的自利性倾向,政府职员信息素质方面的限制,投入经费的短缺以及采用的管理手段、方法、技术的落后,使这种机制存在一系列的问题。
实践证明,单一主体的管理形式很有可能导致体制、方法、手段上的封闭、机械和僵化,而协作管理的方式具有开放性和灵活性的特点,正好能弥补单一主体管理的缺陷与问题。“协作管理”是管理理论发展的新阶段,它强调“去中心、非权威”的理念,强调政府职能的转型,强调政府、企业、第三部门的协作互动,强调公众参与、直接投身于公共事务的管理过程中,为克服传统机制存在的问题提供了一种新的解决方案。
基于上述原因,本研究选择以多方协作为基本思路,提倡和倡导“社会协同”和“公众参与”,对政府公共信息资源协作管理进行研究。文中探讨了政府公共信息资源协作管理的必要性,界定了政府公共信息资源协作管理的内涵、特征和组成要素,分析了政府公共信息资源协作管理的推动因素和主要障碍。研究过程中采用问卷调查的方法调查了政府公共信息资源协作管理的关键成功因素,在此基础上,构建了政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式,并提出了政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行和保障机制。
本研究采用文献调查、归纳演绎、问卷调查、统计分析等方法,开展相关研究。全文共分七章。
第一章为绪论,主要对论文的研究背景、研究意义进行了分析,提出了本文的研究内容、研究思路、研究方法、研究框架以及创新之处。
第二章为相关理论回顾,主要运用文献调查的方法,系统地总结了公共信息资源管理、政府信息资源管理、政府公共信息资源协作管理等相关理论,以期在现有研究的基础上,进一步提出和解决新问题,深化此领域的研究。
第三章分析了政府公共信息资源协作管理的必要性,为本研究寻找立论依据,阐述了政府公共信息资源协作管理的理论,界定政府公共信息资源协作管理的内涵、特征、功能和主体、对象等组成要素。
第四章概述了国内外政府公共信息资源协作管理的实践状况,对政府公共信息资源协作管理的推动因素和主要障碍的情况进行了分析,为后续各章节开展研究提供了实践依据。
第五章主要在文献调查的基础上,分析了政府公共信息资源协作管理过程中关键成功因素,设计了政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式。
第六章提出了政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行和保障机制,主要包括动力机制、竞争机制、合作机制、权利分配机制、利益协调机制、监督机制、激励机制、成本控制机制。
第七章对全文进行了总结,归纳了主要研究结论,分析了本研究的局限性,并进行了研究展望,提出了后续研究方向。
本研究的创新之处具体体现在以下几个方面。
1、本研究通过调查归纳出政府公共信息资源协作管理的关键成功因素。并且在动态地研究这些因素的基础之上,将政府公共信息资源协作管理划分为起步阶段、发展阶段、稳定阶段、后期阶段四个阶段,分析出不同发展阶段各因素的不同特点,根据这些特点提出各阶段上的政府公共信息资源协作管理的对策。
2、在分析国内外大量政府公共信息资源协作管理的相关案例的基础上,构建了政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式。主要包括私营部门参与协作管理的模式、第三部门参与协作管理的模式、社会公众参与协作管理的模式。并对政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式的优势、劣势、机会、威胁、风险、收益进行了分析。
3、提出了的政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行和保障机制。运行和保障机制是政府公共信息资源协作管理顺利实施的基础。政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行机制包括动力机制、竞合机制、激励机制；政府公共信息资源协作管理的保障机制包括权力平衡机制、利益协调机制、监督机制、控制机制。
In the information age, information resources have been into a powerful weapon to gain competitive advantage. All the governments were paying attention to the information society and public information resources management related issues. Public information resources had covered all aspects of social life. Its meaning is very broad. The government's public information resources are important part of public information resources.
At present, some research focused on government information resource management or public information resource management, few studies have specifically focused on the intersection of them, the government's public information resources management, which is a specific and important area. The collection, processing, development and use of the government's public information resources, on the one hand, as a part of government information resources management, it must include the government's public administration functions; on the other hand, as a part of the public information resources management, it must protect the public interest and ensure the fairness on information resource allocation and utilization. Therefore, the government's public information resources effective management related to the interests of all sectors including government departments, enterprises, social groups, it is a collaborative process. However, traditional mechanism in public information resource management and government information resource management only include the Government department.However, it must be mentioned that due to the self-serving nature of government itself, the constraints in personnel Information Literacy, funds shortage and the behindhand management tools and technology methods, there were a series of problems in this mechanism.
It is proved that a single main form of management is likely to lead to rigid in system, method and means, while the collaborative management approach with the characteristics of openness and flexibility, just to make up for this deficiencies and problem. Cooperative management theory is a new stage of management theory, which emphasizes "de-center, non-authoritative" concept, the transformation of government functions, the interaction among government, enterprises, and third sector, and also emphasizes public participation, so people directly participate in public affairs management, so it provides a new idea for traditional mechanisms.
For these reasons, this study explored government's public information resources collaborative management based on Multi-party collaboration for the highlight the "Social collaboration " and "public participation". Discussing the necessity of government's public information resources collaborative management, then defining the content, characteristics and elements of it, at last analysis the main obstacles and push factors of it. Using the method of questionnaire survey find the key success factors in government's public information resources collaborative management, and built the model of it. Finally the operation and protection mechanism was proposed.
Paper carry out literature survey, theoretical interpretation, surveys, statistical analysis, case studies and other methods. Full-text is divided into seven chapters.
ChapterⅠ:Introduction, the main thesis of it is related the research background, significance and analyzed the ideas, methods, frameworks, main contents and innovation points of this research.
ChapterⅡ:theories background, this chapter using the literature survey, systematically summed up the public information resources management, government information resource management, government's public information resources collaborative management and other related theories, in order to discover new problems and develop the research in this area.
In ChapterⅢthe necessity of the government's public information resources collaborative management was analyzed to find the base for this study. The theory about government's public information resources collaborative management was discusses,thenThe content, features, functions and subject, object and other elements of government's public information resources collaborative management were defined.
In ChapterⅣthe practices, the main obstacles and push factors about the government's public information resources collaborative management was analyzed in order to provide a practical basis for follow-up chapters.
ChapterⅤmainly based on literature survey, the main success factors about the government's public information resources collaborative management was analyzed in order to design the model of it.
In Chapter VI the operation and safeguard mechanism of government's public information resources collaborative management were discussed, which mainly including dynamic mechanism, competitiveness, cooperation mechanism, the right allocation mechanism, benefits coordination mechanism, monitoring mechanism, incentive mechanism, cost control mechanism.
In Chapter IX the main research findings were summarized and the limitations of this study were analysised, then follow-up research prospects were proposed.
The innovations of this study embody in the following areas.
1. This study concludes the critical success factors of government's public information resources collaborative management by investigating. By the dynamic study of the basis of these factors, divide government's public information resources collaborative management into four stages including the initial stage, the development stage, the steady stage, and the late stage. Different stages have different characteristics. According to these characteristics some advice is provided.
2. By case study, the model of government's public information resources collaborative management was build. Which is Including the model of private sector participation in collaborative management, the third sector participation in collaborative management model, and public participation in collaborative management model. Then the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, risks and benefits of government's public information resources collaborative management are analyzed.
3. The operation and safeguard mechanism of government's public information resources collaborative management were discussed, which mainly including dynamic mechanism, competitiveness, cooperation mechanism, the right allocation mechanism, benefits coordination mechanism, monitoring mechanism, incentive mechanism, cost control mechanism. Running and safeguard mechanism is foundation of the government's public information resources collaborative management
目前已有的研究不是针对政府信息资源管理,就是针对公共信息资源管理,鲜有研究专门侧重于两者的交集——政府公共信息资源管理这个具体而又重要的领域。政府公共信息资源的收集、处理、开发和利用,一方面是政府信息资源管理的组成部分,涵盖了政府的公共行政职能；另一方面是公共信息资源管理的组成部分,致力于维护公共利益,保证信息资源分配和利用的公平性。因此,政府公共信息资源的有效管理涉及到政府部门、公司企业、第三部门、社会公众的利益,是一个社会协同的过程。传统的公共信息资源管理和政府信息资源管理机制都只包含政府这个单一的管理主体,而必须指出由于政府机构本身的自利性倾向,政府职员信息素质方面的限制,投入经费的短缺以及采用的管理手段、方法、技术的落后,使这种机制存在一系列的问题。
实践证明,单一主体的管理形式很有可能导致体制、方法、手段上的封闭、机械和僵化,而协作管理的方式具有开放性和灵活性的特点,正好能弥补单一主体管理的缺陷与问题。“协作管理”是管理理论发展的新阶段,它强调“去中心、非权威”的理念,强调政府职能的转型,强调政府、企业、第三部门的协作互动,强调公众参与、直接投身于公共事务的管理过程中,为克服传统机制存在的问题提供了一种新的解决方案。
基于上述原因,本研究选择以多方协作为基本思路,提倡和倡导“社会协同”和“公众参与”,对政府公共信息资源协作管理进行研究。文中探讨了政府公共信息资源协作管理的必要性,界定了政府公共信息资源协作管理的内涵、特征和组成要素,分析了政府公共信息资源协作管理的推动因素和主要障碍。研究过程中采用问卷调查的方法调查了政府公共信息资源协作管理的关键成功因素,在此基础上,构建了政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式,并提出了政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行和保障机制。
本研究采用文献调查、归纳演绎、问卷调查、统计分析等方法,开展相关研究。全文共分七章。
第一章为绪论,主要对论文的研究背景、研究意义进行了分析,提出了本文的研究内容、研究思路、研究方法、研究框架以及创新之处。
第二章为相关理论回顾,主要运用文献调查的方法,系统地总结了公共信息资源管理、政府信息资源管理、政府公共信息资源协作管理等相关理论,以期在现有研究的基础上,进一步提出和解决新问题,深化此领域的研究。
第三章分析了政府公共信息资源协作管理的必要性,为本研究寻找立论依据,阐述了政府公共信息资源协作管理的理论,界定政府公共信息资源协作管理的内涵、特征、功能和主体、对象等组成要素。
第四章概述了国内外政府公共信息资源协作管理的实践状况,对政府公共信息资源协作管理的推动因素和主要障碍的情况进行了分析,为后续各章节开展研究提供了实践依据。
第五章主要在文献调查的基础上,分析了政府公共信息资源协作管理过程中关键成功因素,设计了政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式。
第六章提出了政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行和保障机制,主要包括动力机制、竞争机制、合作机制、权利分配机制、利益协调机制、监督机制、激励机制、成本控制机制。
第七章对全文进行了总结,归纳了主要研究结论,分析了本研究的局限性,并进行了研究展望,提出了后续研究方向。
本研究的创新之处具体体现在以下几个方面。
1、本研究通过调查归纳出政府公共信息资源协作管理的关键成功因素。并且在动态地研究这些因素的基础之上,将政府公共信息资源协作管理划分为起步阶段、发展阶段、稳定阶段、后期阶段四个阶段,分析出不同发展阶段各因素的不同特点,根据这些特点提出各阶段上的政府公共信息资源协作管理的对策。
2、在分析国内外大量政府公共信息资源协作管理的相关案例的基础上,构建了政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式。主要包括私营部门参与协作管理的模式、第三部门参与协作管理的模式、社会公众参与协作管理的模式。并对政府公共信息资源协作管理的模式的优势、劣势、机会、威胁、风险、收益进行了分析。
3、提出了的政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行和保障机制。运行和保障机制是政府公共信息资源协作管理顺利实施的基础。政府公共信息资源协作管理的运行机制包括动力机制、竞合机制、激励机制；政府公共信息资源协作管理的保障机制包括权力平衡机制、利益协调机制、监督机制、控制机制。
In the information age, information resources have been into a powerful weapon to gain competitive advantage. All the governments were paying attention to the information society and public information resources management related issues. Public information resources had covered all aspects of social life. Its meaning is very broad. The government's public information resources are important part of public information resources.
At present, some research focused on government information resource management or public information resource management, few studies have specifically focused on the intersection of them, the government's public information resources management, which is a specific and important area. The collection, processing, development and use of the government's public information resources, on the one hand, as a part of government information resources management, it must include the government's public administration functions; on the other hand, as a part of the public information resources management, it must protect the public interest and ensure the fairness on information resource allocation and utilization. Therefore, the government's public information resources effective management related to the interests of all sectors including government departments, enterprises, social groups, it is a collaborative process. However, traditional mechanism in public information resource management and government information resource management only include the Government department.However, it must be mentioned that due to the self-serving nature of government itself, the constraints in personnel Information Literacy, funds shortage and the behindhand management tools and technology methods, there were a series of problems in this mechanism.
It is proved that a single main form of management is likely to lead to rigid in system, method and means, while the collaborative management approach with the characteristics of openness and flexibility, just to make up for this deficiencies and problem. Cooperative management theory is a new stage of management theory, which emphasizes "de-center, non-authoritative" concept, the transformation of government functions, the interaction among government, enterprises, and third sector, and also emphasizes public participation, so people directly participate in public affairs management, so it provides a new idea for traditional mechanisms.
For these reasons, this study explored government's public information resources collaborative management based on Multi-party collaboration for the highlight the "Social collaboration " and "public participation". Discussing the necessity of government's public information resources collaborative management, then defining the content, characteristics and elements of it, at last analysis the main obstacles and push factors of it. Using the method of questionnaire survey find the key success factors in government's public information resources collaborative management, and built the model of it. Finally the operation and protection mechanism was proposed.
Paper carry out literature survey, theoretical interpretation, surveys, statistical analysis, case studies and other methods. Full-text is divided into seven chapters.
ChapterⅠ:Introduction, the main thesis of it is related the research background, significance and analyzed the ideas, methods, frameworks, main contents and innovation points of this research.
ChapterⅡ:theories background, this chapter using the literature survey, systematically summed up the public information resources management, government information resource management, government's public information resources collaborative management and other related theories, in order to discover new problems and develop the research in this area.
In ChapterⅢthe necessity of the government's public information resources collaborative management was analyzed to find the base for this study. The theory about government's public information resources collaborative management was discusses,thenThe content, features, functions and subject, object and other elements of government's public information resources collaborative management were defined.
In ChapterⅣthe practices, the main obstacles and push factors about the government's public information resources collaborative management was analyzed in order to provide a practical basis for follow-up chapters.
ChapterⅤmainly based on literature survey, the main success factors about the government's public information resources collaborative management was analyzed in order to design the model of it.
In Chapter VI the operation and safeguard mechanism of government's public information resources collaborative management were discussed, which mainly including dynamic mechanism, competitiveness, cooperation mechanism, the right allocation mechanism, benefits coordination mechanism, monitoring mechanism, incentive mechanism, cost control mechanism.
In Chapter IX the main research findings were summarized and the limitations of this study were analysised, then follow-up research prospects were proposed.
The innovations of this study embody in the following areas.
1. This study concludes the critical success factors of government's public information resources collaborative management by investigating. By the dynamic study of the basis of these factors, divide government's public information resources collaborative management into four stages including the initial stage, the development stage, the steady stage, and the late stage. Different stages have different characteristics. According to these characteristics some advice is provided.
2. By case study, the model of government's public information resources collaborative management was build. Which is Including the model of private sector participation in collaborative management, the third sector participation in collaborative management model, and public participation in collaborative management model. Then the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, threats, risks and benefits of government's public information resources collaborative management are analyzed.
3. The operation and safeguard mechanism of government's public information resources collaborative management were discussed, which mainly including dynamic mechanism, competitiveness, cooperation mechanism, the right allocation mechanism, benefits coordination mechanism, monitoring mechanism, incentive mechanism, cost control mechanism. Running and safeguard mechanism is foundation of the government's public information resources collaborative management
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