西北黄芪和山野豌豆种子活力及幼苗抗寒生理研究
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摘要
论文以多年生豆科牧草西北黄芪和山野豌豆作为研究对象,探讨了破除豆科牧草种子硬实的有效方法、豆科牧草种子活力的测定方法以及种子硬实与种子活力之间的关系;此外通过各项生理指标的测定对低温下幼苗叶片的生理生化特性进行了较为全面的研究,探讨了这两种牧草的抗寒生理适应机制,旨在为豆科牧草种子质量评价体系和高寒地区野生豆科牧草的栽培驯化提供科学依据。
硬实特性研究结果表明,在标准发芽期内,非硬实种子吸胀率随着时间的推移呈现明显下降趋势。浓硫酸浸种时间对种子发芽率和种子活力影响很大,浓硫酸浸种处理西北黄芪10min、山野豌豆20min破除硬实效果为佳。
种子活力研究结果表明,硬实种子活力高于非硬实种子。发芽指数、活力指数、种子浸出液电导率和种子丙二醛含量等指标可以作为区分硬实种子与非硬实种子活力高低的指标。
幼苗抗寒生理研究结果表明:低温胁迫条件下,相对电导率、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量均表现出上升趋势;低温不同光照条件下,相对电导率和SOD活性表现出上升趋势,叶绿素含量表现出下降趋势,较黑暗低温处理,光照低温处理中变化更为显著。综合各项生理指标变化结果,认为西北黄芪抗寒能力大于山野豌豆。
Seeds hardness and seeds vigor were studied on the legume seeds of Astragalus fenzelianus Pet.-Stib.and Vicia amoena Fisch. to select effective treatments to break the hard seeds coat thus improve legume seeds germination;to partially reveal the relationship between hardness of seeds and their vigor;to develop the simple,exact test regulations of vigor test for legume seeds.through physiological index detecting,the effects of low temperature stress on physiological characteristic werw studied to explore the resistance-cold adpation mechanism,provide reference for legume seed quality evalution and legume breeding.
Results showed that eroding in 98%(w/v)sulfuric acid for 10 min for the seeds of Astragalus fenzelianus,20 min for Vicia amoena was of most effective to break the hard seeds oat while maintain reasonable germination rate. The vigor of coat-broken hard seeds were higher than that of normal seeds. Taking the germination rate as standard, remarkable correlation were existed between seed vigor and germination index、vitality index、relative electric conductivity of plasma membrane and content of MDA,thus could be effective index to evaluate the vitality of legume seeds.The vigor of hard seeds is the important complement in the evaluation of legume seeds quality;
Effects of low temperature stress on physiological characteristic of A.fenzelianus seedlings and V. amoena seedlings were studied. The result showed that the conductance rate、the content of soluble sugar、the content of proline increased ;Effects of low temperature stress on Physiological Characteristic in light and dark treatment were studied. The result showed that the conductance rate and the activity of SOD increased,The content of Chlorophyll decreased,Contracted with low temperature dark treatment,the effects is more significant in low temperature and light treatment. according to the changes of these index,the ability of chill resistance of A.fenzelianus seedlings is higher than that of V. amoena.
硬实特性研究结果表明,在标准发芽期内,非硬实种子吸胀率随着时间的推移呈现明显下降趋势。浓硫酸浸种时间对种子发芽率和种子活力影响很大,浓硫酸浸种处理西北黄芪10min、山野豌豆20min破除硬实效果为佳。
种子活力研究结果表明,硬实种子活力高于非硬实种子。发芽指数、活力指数、种子浸出液电导率和种子丙二醛含量等指标可以作为区分硬实种子与非硬实种子活力高低的指标。
幼苗抗寒生理研究结果表明:低温胁迫条件下,相对电导率、可溶性糖含量、脯氨酸含量均表现出上升趋势;低温不同光照条件下,相对电导率和SOD活性表现出上升趋势,叶绿素含量表现出下降趋势,较黑暗低温处理,光照低温处理中变化更为显著。综合各项生理指标变化结果,认为西北黄芪抗寒能力大于山野豌豆。
Seeds hardness and seeds vigor were studied on the legume seeds of Astragalus fenzelianus Pet.-Stib.and Vicia amoena Fisch. to select effective treatments to break the hard seeds coat thus improve legume seeds germination;to partially reveal the relationship between hardness of seeds and their vigor;to develop the simple,exact test regulations of vigor test for legume seeds.through physiological index detecting,the effects of low temperature stress on physiological characteristic werw studied to explore the resistance-cold adpation mechanism,provide reference for legume seed quality evalution and legume breeding.
Results showed that eroding in 98%(w/v)sulfuric acid for 10 min for the seeds of Astragalus fenzelianus,20 min for Vicia amoena was of most effective to break the hard seeds oat while maintain reasonable germination rate. The vigor of coat-broken hard seeds were higher than that of normal seeds. Taking the germination rate as standard, remarkable correlation were existed between seed vigor and germination index、vitality index、relative electric conductivity of plasma membrane and content of MDA,thus could be effective index to evaluate the vitality of legume seeds.The vigor of hard seeds is the important complement in the evaluation of legume seeds quality;
Effects of low temperature stress on physiological characteristic of A.fenzelianus seedlings and V. amoena seedlings were studied. The result showed that the conductance rate、the content of soluble sugar、the content of proline increased ;Effects of low temperature stress on Physiological Characteristic in light and dark treatment were studied. The result showed that the conductance rate and the activity of SOD increased,The content of Chlorophyll decreased,Contracted with low temperature dark treatment,the effects is more significant in low temperature and light treatment. according to the changes of these index,the ability of chill resistance of A.fenzelianus seedlings is higher than that of V. amoena.
引文
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