水芹种子萌发的因素及其休眠生理研究
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摘要
本文以水芹为材料,通过采种试验、种子透水性测定、抑制物的提取与生物鉴定、发芽试验、呼吸速率测定、酶活性测定、激素含量的测定等试验,对水芹种子休眠原因、休眠解除进行了研究,初步建立了水芹的有性繁殖技术体系,为保护和发展水芹资源提供了一条可行的途径。主要研究结果如下:
1、水芹的采种部位、采收期及干燥方式对种子的发芽率影响较大。第一花序形成的种子发芽率明显高于其它花序形成的种子。当种子开始变黄时是种子的最佳采收时期,这时采收既可以保证种子的质量,又可以有较高的产量。种子的干燥方式宜采用阴干。
2、水芹种子种皮透水性、透气性良好,对种子的休眠不起作用。生物测定表明种子中含有大量的发芽抑制物质这是种子休眠的主要原因。
3、适宜水芹种子发芽的条件是:20℃恒温+2500 lx光强+24h光照。
4、经过硫酸、硝酸钾、聚乙二醇、沙藏处理等试验,发现沙藏可以有效的打破水芹种子的休眠,硝酸钾处理也可以部分打破水芹种子的休眠。打破休眠的最佳方法是:沙藏20天+0.05%双氧水+20℃恒温,发芽率可达83.33%。
5、水芹种子经过沙藏处理后,呼吸速率试验结果表明沙藏对种子的呼吸速率有着明显的促进作用,特别是经过长于15天的沙藏后这种作用更为明显。水芹种子经过20天的沙藏以后呼吸速率达0.91mg/g,特别使经过25天沙藏的水芹种子呼吸速率基本恒定,这与经过25天沙藏后水芹种子具有高萌发率相吻合。
6、水芹种子在打破休眠后,淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性都没有太大变化,但是POD酶活性却有很大程度的提高,主要是增强了PPP途径。
7、经过沙藏后水芹种子内部KT、GA、IAA含量迅速提高,ABA逐渐降低,并且在25天沙藏后,ABA不能够被检测到,而经过25天沙藏的种子,发芽率也达到70%以上。
This paper concentrates on seed dormancy and its breaking of water dropwort,using the method of harvest experiment,testing the permeability of the seed,distilling stayer and testing,germination trial,testing respiration,testing the vigor of enayme and measuring hormone content in different stratification,.The sexual propagation system was preliminary established and provided a feasible approach for protecting and developing the resources of water dropwort.The results as follows:
1.The harvest part,harvest date and the way of torrefaction are attributed to the germination ratio.The seeds of first anthotaxy beat high germination ability.When the seeds became yellow is the best time to harvest,because it can guarantee not only quality but also output.
2.The permeability of water and air of water dropwort seed coat is better,and it has no effect on seed dormancy.Biology test indicates that some growth inhibitors in the seeds are the main reason for seed dormancy.
3.The optimum environmental condition is:20℃+2500 lx light intensity+24h illumination
4.Stratification does its work to break dormancy among different trials,the next is KNO_3,The best way to break dormancy is:stratification 20 days+0.05%H_2O_2+20℃.In this method the germination ratio can reach 83.33%.
5.Stratification plays an important role in the germination of the seeds.It can promote the respiratory of seeds,especially after 25 days.
6.Amylase vigor and lipase vigor change small after breaking dormancy,but doesn't the vigor of POD,it can promote PPP way.
7.Dynamic change of plant hormone during seed stratification,GA、IAA and KT content rise rapidly,but t decline gradually.After 25 days stratification,the content of ABA is not detected and the germination ratio of seeds is above of 70%.
1、水芹的采种部位、采收期及干燥方式对种子的发芽率影响较大。第一花序形成的种子发芽率明显高于其它花序形成的种子。当种子开始变黄时是种子的最佳采收时期,这时采收既可以保证种子的质量,又可以有较高的产量。种子的干燥方式宜采用阴干。
2、水芹种子种皮透水性、透气性良好,对种子的休眠不起作用。生物测定表明种子中含有大量的发芽抑制物质这是种子休眠的主要原因。
3、适宜水芹种子发芽的条件是:20℃恒温+2500 lx光强+24h光照。
4、经过硫酸、硝酸钾、聚乙二醇、沙藏处理等试验,发现沙藏可以有效的打破水芹种子的休眠,硝酸钾处理也可以部分打破水芹种子的休眠。打破休眠的最佳方法是:沙藏20天+0.05%双氧水+20℃恒温,发芽率可达83.33%。
5、水芹种子经过沙藏处理后,呼吸速率试验结果表明沙藏对种子的呼吸速率有着明显的促进作用,特别是经过长于15天的沙藏后这种作用更为明显。水芹种子经过20天的沙藏以后呼吸速率达0.91mg/g,特别使经过25天沙藏的水芹种子呼吸速率基本恒定,这与经过25天沙藏后水芹种子具有高萌发率相吻合。
6、水芹种子在打破休眠后,淀粉酶、脂肪酶活性都没有太大变化,但是POD酶活性却有很大程度的提高,主要是增强了PPP途径。
7、经过沙藏后水芹种子内部KT、GA、IAA含量迅速提高,ABA逐渐降低,并且在25天沙藏后,ABA不能够被检测到,而经过25天沙藏的种子,发芽率也达到70%以上。
This paper concentrates on seed dormancy and its breaking of water dropwort,using the method of harvest experiment,testing the permeability of the seed,distilling stayer and testing,germination trial,testing respiration,testing the vigor of enayme and measuring hormone content in different stratification,.The sexual propagation system was preliminary established and provided a feasible approach for protecting and developing the resources of water dropwort.The results as follows:
1.The harvest part,harvest date and the way of torrefaction are attributed to the germination ratio.The seeds of first anthotaxy beat high germination ability.When the seeds became yellow is the best time to harvest,because it can guarantee not only quality but also output.
2.The permeability of water and air of water dropwort seed coat is better,and it has no effect on seed dormancy.Biology test indicates that some growth inhibitors in the seeds are the main reason for seed dormancy.
3.The optimum environmental condition is:20℃+2500 lx light intensity+24h illumination
4.Stratification does its work to break dormancy among different trials,the next is KNO_3,The best way to break dormancy is:stratification 20 days+0.05%H_2O_2+20℃.In this method the germination ratio can reach 83.33%.
5.Stratification plays an important role in the germination of the seeds.It can promote the respiratory of seeds,especially after 25 days.
6.Amylase vigor and lipase vigor change small after breaking dormancy,but doesn't the vigor of POD,it can promote PPP way.
7.Dynamic change of plant hormone during seed stratification,GA、IAA and KT content rise rapidly,but t decline gradually.After 25 days stratification,the content of ABA is not detected and the germination ratio of seeds is above of 70%.
引文
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