创意产业集群的知识流动研究
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摘要
创意产业集群的知识流动是集群竞争力形成的动力,是创意产品价值增值的实现条件。目前对于创意产业集群的研究,更多的是着重于创意产业集群的发展模式、网络结构等问题。这些研究基本上围绕着“创意产业及集群缘何产生、如何发展”这一核心命题展开的,而它们所使用的是从产业组织理论入手的、自上而下的研究方法。这种宏观的研究方式具备对各种产业研究的普适性,却难以做到与创意产业特性的完美融合。知识作为创意产业的核心,其在集群中的流动成为了创意产业金额集群存在与发展的基础。本文试图从知识流动这一现象入手,对创意产业与集群进行研究。本文所持的观点是：没有知识流动,创意就很难成为产业、集群很难形成规模、创意产品很难实现价值增值。
本文从知识流动这一视角出发,研究创意产业与集群的发展。本文研究共分为五部分内容。第一部分,对创意产业、创意产业集群和知识流动等相关理论进行综述。第二部分对创意产业进行了界定,并对确定了知识流动的概念和范围,将知识分类为显性知识和隐性知识。第三部分阐述了知识流动对创意产业的作用,认为知识流动是创意产业集群竞争力形成的动力、是创意产品价值增值的实现条件,同时带动了相关产业的发展。并且研究了知识流动的内容和阶段与影响因素。第四部分对野村郁次郎的知识流动模型和知识发酵模型进行了分析与评价,构建了创意产业集群知识流动综合模型,对模型中知识流动的动力进行了分析,研究了动力的要素与动因。第五部分主要研究了创意产业集群知识流动的实现途径,包括创意企业之间的交流、创意企业与公共机构交流、创意人员间的交流和创意知识的扩散四种途径。并且分析了我国创意产业集群知识流动存在的问题,并提出了构建支撑体系的方法,具体包括构建创意产业资料库系统、营销系统、公共服务系统、产业活动系统和城市创新系统等。
Knowledge flow of creative Industry cluster is the motion of the formation of clusters competitiveness and the realization of added value. Now, more research of the creative industry cluster focus on development model, network structure and other issues of creative industry cluster. These studies basically begin with the core problem "Why creative industries and clusters produce and how to develop them". They use the theory of industrial organization approach, top down research methods. This macro research methods have a variety of industry research. But it is hard to merge with the characteristics creative industries perfectly. Knowledge as the core of the creative industries, the flow in the cluster becomes the basic of creative industry clusters. This paper attempts to start from the knowledge flow and research on the creative industries and clusters. This reflects the view that:No knowledge flows, creative is difficult to become creative industries, cluster is difficult to be on scale, creative products are difficult to realize added value.
this paper studies the phenomenon of knowledge flows of creative industries cluster from the perspective of knowledge flows. This paper is divided into five parts. First part is the sudy of the creative industries. Creative industries cluster and the related theory of knowledge flows are reviewed. The second part defines the concept and scope of knowledge flows, classifies knowledge as explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. The third part sets the effect of the knowledge flow on creative industries that knowledge flow is the motion of the formation of clusters competitiveness and the realization of added value. The fourth part analyzes and evaluates SECI process, building knowledge flow model of creative industries cluster. The fifth part studys the realizaton of the knowledge flow of the creative industry cluster, including the exchange between creative enterprises, sharing ideas between enterprises and public institutions, the exchange among creative people and knowledge diffusion. It also anlyzes the problems of knowledge flow in China and proposes methods of building support system, including building creative industries database system, marketing system, public service system, the system of industrial activity and urban creative systems
本文从知识流动这一视角出发,研究创意产业与集群的发展。本文研究共分为五部分内容。第一部分,对创意产业、创意产业集群和知识流动等相关理论进行综述。第二部分对创意产业进行了界定,并对确定了知识流动的概念和范围,将知识分类为显性知识和隐性知识。第三部分阐述了知识流动对创意产业的作用,认为知识流动是创意产业集群竞争力形成的动力、是创意产品价值增值的实现条件,同时带动了相关产业的发展。并且研究了知识流动的内容和阶段与影响因素。第四部分对野村郁次郎的知识流动模型和知识发酵模型进行了分析与评价,构建了创意产业集群知识流动综合模型,对模型中知识流动的动力进行了分析,研究了动力的要素与动因。第五部分主要研究了创意产业集群知识流动的实现途径,包括创意企业之间的交流、创意企业与公共机构交流、创意人员间的交流和创意知识的扩散四种途径。并且分析了我国创意产业集群知识流动存在的问题,并提出了构建支撑体系的方法,具体包括构建创意产业资料库系统、营销系统、公共服务系统、产业活动系统和城市创新系统等。
Knowledge flow of creative Industry cluster is the motion of the formation of clusters competitiveness and the realization of added value. Now, more research of the creative industry cluster focus on development model, network structure and other issues of creative industry cluster. These studies basically begin with the core problem "Why creative industries and clusters produce and how to develop them". They use the theory of industrial organization approach, top down research methods. This macro research methods have a variety of industry research. But it is hard to merge with the characteristics creative industries perfectly. Knowledge as the core of the creative industries, the flow in the cluster becomes the basic of creative industry clusters. This paper attempts to start from the knowledge flow and research on the creative industries and clusters. This reflects the view that:No knowledge flows, creative is difficult to become creative industries, cluster is difficult to be on scale, creative products are difficult to realize added value.
this paper studies the phenomenon of knowledge flows of creative industries cluster from the perspective of knowledge flows. This paper is divided into five parts. First part is the sudy of the creative industries. Creative industries cluster and the related theory of knowledge flows are reviewed. The second part defines the concept and scope of knowledge flows, classifies knowledge as explicit knowledge and tacit knowledge. The third part sets the effect of the knowledge flow on creative industries that knowledge flow is the motion of the formation of clusters competitiveness and the realization of added value. The fourth part analyzes and evaluates SECI process, building knowledge flow model of creative industries cluster. The fifth part studys the realizaton of the knowledge flow of the creative industry cluster, including the exchange between creative enterprises, sharing ideas between enterprises and public institutions, the exchange among creative people and knowledge diffusion. It also anlyzes the problems of knowledge flow in China and proposes methods of building support system, including building creative industries database system, marketing system, public service system, the system of industrial activity and urban creative systems
引文
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[13](美)J理查德·E.凯夫斯著.孙排等译,创意产业经济学一艺术的商业之道[M].北京：新华出版社,2004
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[16](美)迈克尔.波特.《竞争优势》,陈小悦译,华夏出版社,1997.
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[18]厉无畏、王如忠.《创意产业一城市发展的新引擎》[M].上海：上海社会科学出版社.2005.
[19]厉无畏、王玉梅.《创新经营》[M].上海：上海人民出版社.2004
[20]理查德·弗罗里达著,方海萍等译：创意经济[M],中国人民大学出版社,2006
[21]德国柏林科学技术研究院著,吴金希等译：《文化和技术创新》,知识产权出版社,2006
[22]安娜·格兰多里,刘刚等译：企业网络：《组织和产业竞争力》,中国人民大学出版社2005
[23]安纳利·萨克森宁著,曹蓬等译：《地区优势：硅谷和128公路地区的文化与竞争》,上海远 东出版社,1999
[24]约翰.霍金斯.创意经济(M).企鹅出版社,2002
[25]上海市委、市政府.《上海市促进张江高科技集聚区发展的若干规定》,2000
[26]金元浦.创意产业的全球勃兴[J].社会观察,2005,(2)
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[28]王缉慈.关注文化创意产业[J].前线,2006,(4)
[29]盛垒.北京发展创意产业的战略意义、比较优势及其应对策略[J].北京社会科学,2005,
[30]杜德斌,盛垒.创意产业：现代服务业新的增长点[J1.经济导刊,2005,(8)
[31]徐迅.创意产业理论和观点综述[J].创意产业研究专刊,2006,(2)
[32][德]迈诺尔夫·迪尔克斯,等.组织学习与知识创新[M].张新华译·上海：上海人民出版社,2001·388—390.
[33]江积海,宣国良.企业知识传导模式、传导类型及其路径研究[J1.科学学与科学技术管理,2005,(1)：53—86
[34]刘国华,论知识流动系统的建立[J].经济问题,2002,(9)：2-5
[35]常荔,邹珊刚等.基于知识链的知识扩散的影响因素研究[J],科研管理,2001,22(5)：122--127
[36]刘漩.基于知识流动视角的传统产业集群创新特征的研究[硕士学位论文],浙江大学.2006
[37]宁钟.创新集群与知识溢出集中化问题分析[J].科研管理,2005(3),第26卷,第2期
[38]陈祝平,黄艳麟.创意产业集聚区的形成机理,国际商务研究,2006年04期
[39]盛垒.北京发展创意产业的战略意义、比较优势及其应对策略,北京社会科学,2005年03期
[40]彼得.F·德鲁克.知识管理(哈佛商业评论)精粹译丛[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,1999
[41]李琳.基于知识的产业集群竞争优势.[J].社会科学家,2005(1),第1期
[42]李顺才,邹珊刚,常荔.知识存量与流量内涵特征及其相关性分析[J].自然辩证法研究,2001
[2]Miehael.E.Porer.Clustersina Global Economies of ComPetition[J].Harvard Business Review, 1998, (11)
[3]Florida Richard. The Rise of the Creative Class[M].New york:Basic Books.2002
[4]Richard Bearak. New York City's CBD-Origin and Development Strategies [M].2002
[5]John Howkins.Creative Economy:how people make money from idea [M]. Landon: Penguinbooks,2002
[6]Jayne. Culture That Works-Creative Industries-The Case of Film and Television in Scotland [J]Capital and Class,2004, (84)
[7]FloridaR.The Rise of CreativeClass. York:Basie,2002.
[8]DCMS. Creative Industries Mapping Document 2003. http://www.culture.gov.uk
[9]Seott AJ.TheCulturalEeonomyofCities.London:SAGEPublieations,2000
[10]Malhotra Knowledge management for the new world of business, http://wwww.brint.com/km. 1998-09-01
[11]Nonaka.A.dynamic theory of orgaizational knowledge creation [J] Organizational Science,1994 ,(5):14-37
[12]Holsapple. The knowledge chain model:Activity for competitiveness[J].Expert Systems with Applications,2001,20:77—98.
[13](美)J理查德·E.凯夫斯著.孙排等译,创意产业经济学一艺术的商业之道[M].北京：新华出版社,2004
[14](美)理查德·E.凯夫斯.《创意产业经济学》[M].新华社出版社.2004.
[15]厉无畏.《创意产业导论》[M].上海：学林出版社,2006.
[16](美)迈克尔.波特.《竞争优势》,陈小悦译,华夏出版社,1997.
[17]荣跃明.《超越文化产业：创意产业的木质与特征》[J].毛泽东邓小平理论研究.2004.
[18]厉无畏、王如忠.《创意产业一城市发展的新引擎》[M].上海：上海社会科学出版社.2005.
[19]厉无畏、王玉梅.《创新经营》[M].上海：上海人民出版社.2004
[20]理查德·弗罗里达著,方海萍等译：创意经济[M],中国人民大学出版社,2006
[21]德国柏林科学技术研究院著,吴金希等译：《文化和技术创新》,知识产权出版社,2006
[22]安娜·格兰多里,刘刚等译：企业网络：《组织和产业竞争力》,中国人民大学出版社2005
[23]安纳利·萨克森宁著,曹蓬等译：《地区优势：硅谷和128公路地区的文化与竞争》,上海远 东出版社,1999
[24]约翰.霍金斯.创意经济(M).企鹅出版社,2002
[25]上海市委、市政府.《上海市促进张江高科技集聚区发展的若干规定》,2000
[26]金元浦.创意产业的全球勃兴[J].社会观察,2005,(2)
[27]王缉慈.创意产业集群的价值思考[J].bttP：肠iz.zjol.eom.en(浙商网),2005,(2)
[28]王缉慈.关注文化创意产业[J].前线,2006,(4)
[29]盛垒.北京发展创意产业的战略意义、比较优势及其应对策略[J].北京社会科学,2005,
[30]杜德斌,盛垒.创意产业：现代服务业新的增长点[J1.经济导刊,2005,(8)
[31]徐迅.创意产业理论和观点综述[J].创意产业研究专刊,2006,(2)
[32][德]迈诺尔夫·迪尔克斯,等.组织学习与知识创新[M].张新华译·上海：上海人民出版社,2001·388—390.
[33]江积海,宣国良.企业知识传导模式、传导类型及其路径研究[J1.科学学与科学技术管理,2005,(1)：53—86
[34]刘国华,论知识流动系统的建立[J].经济问题,2002,(9)：2-5
[35]常荔,邹珊刚等.基于知识链的知识扩散的影响因素研究[J],科研管理,2001,22(5)：122--127
[36]刘漩.基于知识流动视角的传统产业集群创新特征的研究[硕士学位论文],浙江大学.2006
[37]宁钟.创新集群与知识溢出集中化问题分析[J].科研管理,2005(3),第26卷,第2期
[38]陈祝平,黄艳麟.创意产业集聚区的形成机理,国际商务研究,2006年04期
[39]盛垒.北京发展创意产业的战略意义、比较优势及其应对策略,北京社会科学,2005年03期
[40]彼得.F·德鲁克.知识管理(哈佛商业评论)精粹译丛[M].北京：中国人民大学出版社,1999
[41]李琳.基于知识的产业集群竞争优势.[J].社会科学家,2005(1),第1期
[42]李顺才,邹珊刚,常荔.知识存量与流量内涵特征及其相关性分析[J].自然辩证法研究,2001