关于在研究生复试中引入心理测验的研究
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摘要
2006年教育部发出号召,要求高校在研究生复试中加强对学生综合素质和能力的考察,并在复试中对学生进行心理测评,了解考生的心理健康水平、性格特点、创新能力、职业兴趣倾向等情况;于2010年提出“卓越工程师教育培养计划”,要求高等工程教育要以社会需求为导向,加强教育、科研与社会间的联系,发挥高等教育服务社会的功能,全面提高学生科研、创新、实践等方面的实力。在此背景下,本研究将着重研究在研究生复试中引入心理测验机制的方法与途径,并就过程中产生的现象和问题展开深入探讨。同时,天津大学是首批入选卓越计划的工程院校,因此本研究的成果对于天津大学卓越计划的实施开展也具有一定的辅助作用。
     本研究采用整群抽样方式,以参加2011年天津大学化工学院复试的601名考生为实验对象,以《卡特尔16种人格因素问卷》及《霍兰德职业兴趣量表》为实验工具,共回收有效问卷562份,通过对问卷结果的统计分析,得出以下结论:⑴16PF能够较好地了解考生的个性特征;⑵16PF能够在一定程度上了解考生的心理健康水平;⑶16PF能够对考生的学业成绩进行预测;⑷16PF能够较好地考生进行区分筛选,起到人才选拔的作用;⑸霍兰德职业兴趣测验能够较为全面和准确的了解考生的职业兴趣类型,为学校的培养方向和学生的职业选择提供参考依据;⑹霍兰德职业兴趣测验的结果与16PF得分具有高度一致性,其结果可以从侧面印证16PF结果的有效性。
     综上所述,16PF在心理健康诊断、人才选拔与学习预测度方面的效果,以及霍兰德职业兴趣测验在人才招募与职业选择及成功方面的作用基本符合研究假设,因此选择16PF及霍兰德职业兴趣量表作为引入研究生复试中的心理测验是可行的,其结果可以为研究生复试的选拔工作和日后的研究生培养工作提供较为真实有效的第一手资料。
In2006, the ministry of education issued a call that requires universities tostrengthen the examination on students' comprehensive quality and ability in thepostgraduate reexamination, as well as make psychological evaluation on the students,in order to understand the examinee's psychological health, character, innovationability, professional tendency, etc."Excellent Engineers' Education and Training Plan",put forward in2010, requires that higher engineering education should take the socialdemand as the guidance, to strengthen the relations of education, scientific researchand the society, and to make the higher education serve the society, and enhance thestudents' ability in scientific research, innovation, practice, etc. In this context, thisresearch will mainly study the methods and approaches of the introduction ofpsychological test mechanism in postgraduate reexamination, and undertake furtherdiscussion on the phenomenon and problems produced in the process. At the sametime, Tianjin University is one of the first selected engineering colleges for"Excellence Program", so the results of this study will have some auxiliary functionsfor the implementation of "Excellence Program" of Tianjin University.
     The study adopted cluster sampling methods, and took the601candidatesfor postgraduate reexamination of the Chemical Institution of Tianjin University in2011as experimental objects, and took "Cattell's16Personality Factor Questionnaire(16PF)" and the" Holland Vocational Preference Inventory" as experimental tools.562valid questionnaires were received. Through the statistical analysis of thequestionnaire, we can draw the following conclusions:(1) The16PF can wellunderstand the examinee's personal characteristics;(2) The16PF can understand thepsychological health of the examinees to some extend;(3)16PF can forecast theacademic performance of the examinee;(4)16PF can well distinguish and screen theexaminees, and play the role of talents selection;(5) Holland Vocational PreferenceInventory can make a comprehensive and accurate understanding of the examinees'types of vocational interest, which can provide references for the school trainingdirections and students' career choice;(6) The result of Holland VocationalPreference Inventory is highly consistent with the test scores of16PF, so it can provethe effectiveness of the result of the16PF from the side.
     In a conclusion, the effects of16PF in psychological health diagnosis, selecting talents and learning prediction and, the function of Holland VocationalPreference Inventory in recuiting, career choice and succesion is by and largeconsistent with the research hypothesis. Therefore, it is feasible to introduce16PFand Holland Vocational Preference Inventory into psychological tests of postgraduatereexamination, and the results can be used as the real and effective first-hand materialfor the selection in postgraduate reexamination and future training work forpostgraduates.
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