移动卫星天线稳定跟踪系统的设计及工程实现
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摘要
本文以卫星通信稳定系统的研制为背景,设计了基于三轴数字罗盘、陀螺以及步进电机的移动卫星天线稳定跟踪系统,并进行了工程实现。本系统主要实现两大功能:一是根据接收到的姿态信号以及卫星信号强弱自动搜索卫星;二是根据三轴陀螺信号进行稳定伺服控制,以达到隔离载体扰动的目的。
     本文进行了系统总体方案设计、控制器设计和调试、系统的软件设计和调试等工作。采用了程序跟踪和步进跟踪相结合的方法实现系统自动寻星;在系统的稳定伺服控制部分,研究了系统姿态坐标变换,对横滚系统和俯仰系统采用前馈补偿的控制策略,对方位系统设计了基于智能分区PID的闭环反馈控制策略。
     最后进行了实际系统调试,完成了天线控制器测试和软件调试,并利用三维运动模拟器对系统性能进行检验,实验结果表明系统基本达到了预期的指标,验证了本文所提方案的可行性和有效性;针对系统调试和工作中存在的一些问题,给出了进一步改进的思路。
With the background of stabilized system design for satellite communication, the designand engineering development of the mobile satellite antenna stabilized tracking system isdiscussed in this paper. This system is based on 3-axis digital compass, gyro and steppingmotor and is designed to realize two functions. The first function is to search the targetsatellite automatically according to the received attitude angles and the satellite signals.The second function is to carry out stabilized servo control according to the gyro signalsfrom three axes so as to isolate disturbances from vehicles.
     The main contents of this paper include the design of the scheme as a whole, the hardwaredesign and testing of the controller, the software design and debugging of the system. Bothprogram tracking and stepping tracking arithmetic were used in the satellite auto-searchingtask. The coordinate transforms, feed-forward compensation control in the roll and pitchaxis and closed-loop control in the heading axis were discussed in the stabilized servocontrol part.
     At last, the controller of the antenna was tested to mn reliably. The system was tested bythe three-dimension motion simulator and the expectable performance was achieved on thewhole. And it's proved that the whole scheme of the system is available and valid. At last,some problems that occurred during the debugging and the working together with the nextstep of the work are pointed out.
引文
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