50V/50A移相全桥ZVS DC/DC变换器的设计
|
摘要
随着通讯技术和电力系统的发展,对通讯用电源和电力操作电源的性能、重量、体积、效率和可靠性都提出了更高的要求。而应用于中大功率场合的全桥变换器与软开关的结合解决了这一问题。因此,对其进行研究设计具有十分重要的意义。
首先,论文阐述PWM DC/DC变换器的软开关技术,且根据移相控制PWM全桥变换器的主电路拓扑结构,选定适合于本论文的零电压开关软开关技术的电路拓扑,并对其基本工作原理进行阐述,同时给出ZVS软开关的实现策略。
其次,对选定的主电路拓扑结构进行电路设计,给出主电路中各参量的设计及参数的计算方法,包括输入、输出整流桥及逆变桥的器件的选型,输入整流滤波电路的参数设计、高频变压器及谐振电感的参数设计以及输出整流滤波电路的参数设计。
然后,论述移相控制电路的形成,对移相控制芯片进行选择,同时对移相控制芯片UC3875进行详细的分析和设计。对主功率管MOSFET的驱动电路进行分析和设计。
最后,基于理论计算,对系统主电路进行仿真,研究其各部分设计的参数是否合乎实际电路。搭建移相控制ZVS DC/DC全桥变换器的实验平台,在系统实验平台上做了大量的实验。
实验结果表明,论文所设计的DC/DC变换器能很好的实现软开关,提高效率,使输出电压得到稳定控制,最后通过调整移相控制电路,可实现直流输出的宽范围调整,具有很好的工程实用价值。
With the developments of the communication technology and power systems,a higher demand of the performance,weight,volume,efficiency and reliability of the supply for communication and electricity operation are proposed.Moreover, combined with the soft-switching,the full bridge converter which is used in high-power occasions has been used in resolving the issue.Therefore,it is of great significance for its research and design.
Firstly,the thesis has expounded the soft-switching technology of PWM DC/DC converter.And then it has based a main circuit topology of phase-shifted control PWM ZVS full-bridge converter,selected the circuit topology of soft switching technology ZVS which is Suitable for this paper,then expounded its basic principles and the realization strategy of ZVS soft-switching.
Secondly,the thesis has designed the main circuit topology which we selected, and gave the methods of parameters designing and calculation for main circuit, including the devices selection of input and output bridge rectifier and inverter bridge;further parameters' designing with input rectifying filter circuit,high-frequency transformer and the resonant inductor,output rectifying filter circuit.
Then,it has discussed the form of a phase-shifted circuit,and then chose chip of phase-shitfed.Besides it has also analyzed the phase-shifted chip-UC3875 in detail. Moreover,it designed and analysised the driving circuit for the main power devices MOSFET.
Finally,based on theoretical calculations,it simulated the main circuit system, researched the parameters of system's different parts,at the same time determined whether they accorded with a practical circuit.Ultimately,the article has structured a test platform for phase-shifted ZVS DC / DC full- bridge converter,on which massive experiments has been done.
The results have indicated that the DC / DC converter that were designed by the article can achieve good soft-switching,improve efficiency,and cause the stable control of output voltage.Ultimately,the DC output can realize a wide range adjustment,and it has a good project practical value.
首先,论文阐述PWM DC/DC变换器的软开关技术,且根据移相控制PWM全桥变换器的主电路拓扑结构,选定适合于本论文的零电压开关软开关技术的电路拓扑,并对其基本工作原理进行阐述,同时给出ZVS软开关的实现策略。
其次,对选定的主电路拓扑结构进行电路设计,给出主电路中各参量的设计及参数的计算方法,包括输入、输出整流桥及逆变桥的器件的选型,输入整流滤波电路的参数设计、高频变压器及谐振电感的参数设计以及输出整流滤波电路的参数设计。
然后,论述移相控制电路的形成,对移相控制芯片进行选择,同时对移相控制芯片UC3875进行详细的分析和设计。对主功率管MOSFET的驱动电路进行分析和设计。
最后,基于理论计算,对系统主电路进行仿真,研究其各部分设计的参数是否合乎实际电路。搭建移相控制ZVS DC/DC全桥变换器的实验平台,在系统实验平台上做了大量的实验。
实验结果表明,论文所设计的DC/DC变换器能很好的实现软开关,提高效率,使输出电压得到稳定控制,最后通过调整移相控制电路,可实现直流输出的宽范围调整,具有很好的工程实用价值。
With the developments of the communication technology and power systems,a higher demand of the performance,weight,volume,efficiency and reliability of the supply for communication and electricity operation are proposed.Moreover, combined with the soft-switching,the full bridge converter which is used in high-power occasions has been used in resolving the issue.Therefore,it is of great significance for its research and design.
Firstly,the thesis has expounded the soft-switching technology of PWM DC/DC converter.And then it has based a main circuit topology of phase-shifted control PWM ZVS full-bridge converter,selected the circuit topology of soft switching technology ZVS which is Suitable for this paper,then expounded its basic principles and the realization strategy of ZVS soft-switching.
Secondly,the thesis has designed the main circuit topology which we selected, and gave the methods of parameters designing and calculation for main circuit, including the devices selection of input and output bridge rectifier and inverter bridge;further parameters' designing with input rectifying filter circuit,high-frequency transformer and the resonant inductor,output rectifying filter circuit.
Then,it has discussed the form of a phase-shifted circuit,and then chose chip of phase-shitfed.Besides it has also analyzed the phase-shifted chip-UC3875 in detail. Moreover,it designed and analysised the driving circuit for the main power devices MOSFET.
Finally,based on theoretical calculations,it simulated the main circuit system, researched the parameters of system's different parts,at the same time determined whether they accorded with a practical circuit.Ultimately,the article has structured a test platform for phase-shifted ZVS DC / DC full- bridge converter,on which massive experiments has been done.
The results have indicated that the DC / DC converter that were designed by the article can achieve good soft-switching,improve efficiency,and cause the stable control of output voltage.Ultimately,the DC output can realize a wide range adjustment,and it has a good project practical value.
引文
[1]徐九玲,谢运祥,彭军.开关电源的新技术与发展前景[J].电气时代,2003,(6):52-55.
[2]张志科.电源技术的发展与现状[J].忻州师范学院学报,2004,20(2):82-84.
[3]王水平,武芒.开关电源及其发展动态[J].电子科技,1996,36(2):3-10.
[4]丁道宏.国内外开关电源的技术与市场[J].电子产品世界,1999,(2):20-22.
[5]李靖.中国开关电源市场的分析[J].电工技术杂志,2000,(2):44-45.
[6]张小林,冉建桥,李贤云,等.我国开关电源发展的思考[J].微电子学,2004,34(4):402-406.
[7]丁志刚,胡育文.ZVS DC/DC全桥变换器的研究[J].电力电子技术,2003,37(3):39-42.
[8]陈柬,陆治国.移相全桥软开关变换器拓扑分析[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2005,28(12):28-31.
[9]杨旭,赵志伟,王兆安.移相全桥型零电压软开关电路谐振过程的研究[J].电力电子技术,1998(3):36-39.
[10]HUA Guichao,Lee F C.An Improved Full-bridge Zero-voltage-switched PWM Converter Using a Saturable Inductor[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1993,4(10):530-534.
[11]刘胜利.现代高频开关电源实用技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001:165-185.
[12]刘胜利.高频开关电源实用新技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007:304-381.
[13]KIFUNE H,HATANAKA Y,NAKAOKA M.Quasi-series-resonant-type Softswitching Phase Shift Modulated Inverter[J].IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl.,2003,150(6):725-732.
[14]SEOK K,KWON B.An Improved Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current Switching Full-bridge PWM Converter Using a Simple Resonant Circuit[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron.,2001,48(6):1205-1209.
[15]YUN C S,KIM B C,KIM K H,LIM Y C,FREER P.Reducing the High Frequency Transformer Losses In an FB ZVT PWM Converter[J].IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl.,2002,149(2):161-164.
[16]CHO J G,SABATE J A,HUA G,LEE F C.Zero Voltage and Zero Current Switching Full Bridge PWM Converter for High Power Applications[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1996,11(4):622-628.
[17]FIEL Alexander,WU Thomas.MOSFET Failure Modes in the Zero-Voltage-Switched Full-Bridge Switching Mode Power Supply Applications [DB].International Rectifier Applications Department.
[18]CHEN Q,LOFT A W,LEE F C.Design Trade-offs in 5-V Output Off-line Zero-Voltage-Switching,PWM Convener[C].International Telecommunications Energy Conference,1991,616-623.
[19]徐晓峰,连级三,赵建明.移相控制ZVS全桥变换器滞后臂死区时间分析[J].电力电子技术,1999,(1):15-17.
[20]CHO J G.IGBT based zero voltage transition full bridge PWM convener for high power applications[C].IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl,1996,143(6):475-480.
[21]阮新波,严仰光.脉宽调制DC\DC全桥变换器的软开关技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1999,9:16-79.
[22]钱照明,程肇基.电力电子系统电磁兼容设计基础及干扰抑制技术[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2000:113-141.
[23]张晓林,李青侠.高频开关电源EMC设计[J].电视技术,2004,(8):40-41
[24]陈勇,于成龙.高压开关电源变压器设计及其噪声干扰的抑制[J].变压器技术,2006,(9):46-47.
[25]张舟云,徐国卿,沈祥林.无源滤波器在开关电源中的应用分析[J].电力电子技术,2004,38(5):45-47.
[26]苗立江,王玉峰,李洪春.高压开关电源的电磁兼容设计[J].安全与电磁兼容,2005,(2):76-77.
[27]TI:Line Input AC to DC Conversion and Input Filter Capacitor Selection [DB/OL].USA:Unitrode Power Supply Design Seminar Manual SEM-900,1993.http://www.ti.com.
[28]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:25-28.
[29]贝冠祺.小功率电源变压器使用设计制作和维修[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1995:18-29.
[30]张卫平.绿色电源——现代电能变换技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:161-183.
[31]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1998:152-195.
[32]杜贵平,黄石生.高频功率变压器激磁电感及漏感的理论分析[J].电焊机,2002,32(7):13-14.
[33]姬海宁,兰中文,张怀武.高频开关电源变压器的设计方法[J].磁性材料及器件,2004,35(2):31-35.
[34]赵彩凤,于志,王智勇.高频功率脉冲变压器的设计[J].变压器,2003,10(10):6-7.
[35]胡同,王京梅,兰中文.1.5MHz高频开关电源变压器的设计方法[J].通信电源技术,2006,23(2):63-65.
[36]程韬波,杜贵平.新型高频功率变压器研究[J].电工技术杂志,2004,(11):55-57.
[37]赵珂.移相谐振PWM技术的研究[J].国外电子元器件,1999,(11):36-38
[38]TI:Phase Shift Resonant Controller[DB/OL].USA:Unitrode Products from Texas Instruments,(2006).http://www.ti.com.
[39]韩勇.移相式零电压开关变换器与UC3875的应用[C].第11届全国电源学会论文集,1995:21-32.
[40]ANDREYCAK Bill.Phase Shifted,Zero Voltage Transition Design Considerations and the UC3875 PWM Controller[DB].Unitrode Products from Texas Instruments,1997,5.
[41]吉智.一种高频开关电源移相控制电路的设计实现[J].微计算机信息,2005,21(3):132-133.
[42]扶瑞云,杨荫福,张玉成.基于UC3875控制的高频谐振逆变电路[J].通信电源技术,2006,23(2):4-6.
[43]PATHAK Abhijit D.MOSFET/IGBT Drivers Theory and Applications[DB].IXYS Corporation,2001.
[2]张志科.电源技术的发展与现状[J].忻州师范学院学报,2004,20(2):82-84.
[3]王水平,武芒.开关电源及其发展动态[J].电子科技,1996,36(2):3-10.
[4]丁道宏.国内外开关电源的技术与市场[J].电子产品世界,1999,(2):20-22.
[5]李靖.中国开关电源市场的分析[J].电工技术杂志,2000,(2):44-45.
[6]张小林,冉建桥,李贤云,等.我国开关电源发展的思考[J].微电子学,2004,34(4):402-406.
[7]丁志刚,胡育文.ZVS DC/DC全桥变换器的研究[J].电力电子技术,2003,37(3):39-42.
[8]陈柬,陆治国.移相全桥软开关变换器拓扑分析[J].重庆大学学报:自然科学版,2005,28(12):28-31.
[9]杨旭,赵志伟,王兆安.移相全桥型零电压软开关电路谐振过程的研究[J].电力电子技术,1998(3):36-39.
[10]HUA Guichao,Lee F C.An Improved Full-bridge Zero-voltage-switched PWM Converter Using a Saturable Inductor[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1993,4(10):530-534.
[11]刘胜利.现代高频开关电源实用技术[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001:165-185.
[12]刘胜利.高频开关电源实用新技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2007:304-381.
[13]KIFUNE H,HATANAKA Y,NAKAOKA M.Quasi-series-resonant-type Softswitching Phase Shift Modulated Inverter[J].IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl.,2003,150(6):725-732.
[14]SEOK K,KWON B.An Improved Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current Switching Full-bridge PWM Converter Using a Simple Resonant Circuit[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Electron.,2001,48(6):1205-1209.
[15]YUN C S,KIM B C,KIM K H,LIM Y C,FREER P.Reducing the High Frequency Transformer Losses In an FB ZVT PWM Converter[J].IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl.,2002,149(2):161-164.
[16]CHO J G,SABATE J A,HUA G,LEE F C.Zero Voltage and Zero Current Switching Full Bridge PWM Converter for High Power Applications[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1996,11(4):622-628.
[17]FIEL Alexander,WU Thomas.MOSFET Failure Modes in the Zero-Voltage-Switched Full-Bridge Switching Mode Power Supply Applications [DB].International Rectifier Applications Department.
[18]CHEN Q,LOFT A W,LEE F C.Design Trade-offs in 5-V Output Off-line Zero-Voltage-Switching,PWM Convener[C].International Telecommunications Energy Conference,1991,616-623.
[19]徐晓峰,连级三,赵建明.移相控制ZVS全桥变换器滞后臂死区时间分析[J].电力电子技术,1999,(1):15-17.
[20]CHO J G.IGBT based zero voltage transition full bridge PWM convener for high power applications[C].IEE Proc.-Electr.Power Appl,1996,143(6):475-480.
[21]阮新波,严仰光.脉宽调制DC\DC全桥变换器的软开关技术[M].北京:科学出版社,1999,9:16-79.
[22]钱照明,程肇基.电力电子系统电磁兼容设计基础及干扰抑制技术[M].杭州:浙江大学出版社,2000:113-141.
[23]张晓林,李青侠.高频开关电源EMC设计[J].电视技术,2004,(8):40-41
[24]陈勇,于成龙.高压开关电源变压器设计及其噪声干扰的抑制[J].变压器技术,2006,(9):46-47.
[25]张舟云,徐国卿,沈祥林.无源滤波器在开关电源中的应用分析[J].电力电子技术,2004,38(5):45-47.
[26]苗立江,王玉峰,李洪春.高压开关电源的电磁兼容设计[J].安全与电磁兼容,2005,(2):76-77.
[27]TI:Line Input AC to DC Conversion and Input Filter Capacitor Selection [DB/OL].USA:Unitrode Power Supply Design Seminar Manual SEM-900,1993.http://www.ti.com.
[28]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2004:25-28.
[29]贝冠祺.小功率电源变压器使用设计制作和维修[M].北京:人民邮电出版社,1995:18-29.
[30]张卫平.绿色电源——现代电能变换技术及应用[M].北京:科学出版社,2001:161-183.
[31]张占松,蔡宣三.开关电源的原理与设计[M].北京:电子工业出版社,1998:152-195.
[32]杜贵平,黄石生.高频功率变压器激磁电感及漏感的理论分析[J].电焊机,2002,32(7):13-14.
[33]姬海宁,兰中文,张怀武.高频开关电源变压器的设计方法[J].磁性材料及器件,2004,35(2):31-35.
[34]赵彩凤,于志,王智勇.高频功率脉冲变压器的设计[J].变压器,2003,10(10):6-7.
[35]胡同,王京梅,兰中文.1.5MHz高频开关电源变压器的设计方法[J].通信电源技术,2006,23(2):63-65.
[36]程韬波,杜贵平.新型高频功率变压器研究[J].电工技术杂志,2004,(11):55-57.
[37]赵珂.移相谐振PWM技术的研究[J].国外电子元器件,1999,(11):36-38
[38]TI:Phase Shift Resonant Controller[DB/OL].USA:Unitrode Products from Texas Instruments,(2006).http://www.ti.com.
[39]韩勇.移相式零电压开关变换器与UC3875的应用[C].第11届全国电源学会论文集,1995:21-32.
[40]ANDREYCAK Bill.Phase Shifted,Zero Voltage Transition Design Considerations and the UC3875 PWM Controller[DB].Unitrode Products from Texas Instruments,1997,5.
[41]吉智.一种高频开关电源移相控制电路的设计实现[J].微计算机信息,2005,21(3):132-133.
[42]扶瑞云,杨荫福,张玉成.基于UC3875控制的高频谐振逆变电路[J].通信电源技术,2006,23(2):4-6.
[43]PATHAK Abhijit D.MOSFET/IGBT Drivers Theory and Applications[DB].IXYS Corporation,2001.