组合式航空逆变电源的设计
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摘要
航空逆变电源又称为航空静止变流器,是应用功率半导体器件将飞机主直流电源变换成115V/400Hz交流电的一种变流装置。本文主要论述了航空逆变电源的历史、现状以及发展方向。现代飞机正向着全电化飞机发展,而随着飞机上用电设备的增加,高压直流270V供电方式就成为了现代飞机供电方式的发展方向。
本文在介绍单级电气隔离式软开关DC/DC变换器和单级DC/AC逆变器软开关的基础上,借鉴谐振直流环节逆变器的思想,设计了一种新颖的组合式航空静止变流器电路拓扑。该电路拓扑由移相全桥ZVSZCS PWM DC/DC变换器和DC/AC逆变器级联而成。前级采用电压单环调制方式,后级采用三态滞环离散脉冲调制电流滞环跟踪控制技术。
论文在详细分析了基于移相控制技术的全桥ZVSZCS PWM DC/DC变换器和基于三态DPM电流滞环跟踪控制技术的高频直流环节DC/AC逆变器的工作原理的基础上,对系统关键参数进行了设计和选择。并分别用仿真软件Saber和Matlab对前后两级电路进行了仿真,其仿真结果和理论分析的结果一致,从而验证了理论分析的正确性和所设计的变换系统的可行性。
根据电路拓扑原理,研制了一台1KV组合式航空逆变电源样机。该样机输入电压为270V直流,输出单相115V/400Hz交流。试验结果表明,论文所设计的电路拓扑是合理可行的。
The Aeronautical Static Inverter (ASI) is the electricity converter that converts the main DC electrical power into AC 115V/400Hz by using power semiconductor components. The history, present status and development trend of ASI are presented. The all power electricity is the new trend of the modern airplane. By the increment of the electronic device on airplane, the high-voltage 270V DC power supply mode is the trend of the the modern airplane.Because the hull of the aeroplane is the electrical earth of the aeronautical electrical AC load and the main DC power supply, so there should have electrical insulation between the input and output of the ASI. On the basis of the single stage soft switching DC/DC converter and single stage DC/AC inverter, a novel circuit topology of combined ASI is designed in the light of the idea of resonant DC link Inverter. This circuit topology is constituted of a phase-shift ZVSZCS soft switching DC/DC converter and a DC/AC inverter. The front stage uses the single-voltage-mode control strategy and the back stage uses the three states discrete pulse modulation hysteresis current control strategy.The principle and the key circuit parameters of the PS-ZVSZCS PWM DC/DC converter and the high frequency DC link DC/AC inverter that based on three states discrete pulse modulation hysteresis current are analyzed carefully. The front stage simulation is performed by using SABER and the back stage simulation is performed by using MATLAB. The principle and the key parameters are verified by the simulation results.An experimental prototype with combined topology for 1kVA ASI by using soft-switching technique is fabricated. The experimental results show that the circuit topology of the novel ASI is reasonable.
本文在介绍单级电气隔离式软开关DC/DC变换器和单级DC/AC逆变器软开关的基础上,借鉴谐振直流环节逆变器的思想,设计了一种新颖的组合式航空静止变流器电路拓扑。该电路拓扑由移相全桥ZVSZCS PWM DC/DC变换器和DC/AC逆变器级联而成。前级采用电压单环调制方式,后级采用三态滞环离散脉冲调制电流滞环跟踪控制技术。
论文在详细分析了基于移相控制技术的全桥ZVSZCS PWM DC/DC变换器和基于三态DPM电流滞环跟踪控制技术的高频直流环节DC/AC逆变器的工作原理的基础上,对系统关键参数进行了设计和选择。并分别用仿真软件Saber和Matlab对前后两级电路进行了仿真,其仿真结果和理论分析的结果一致,从而验证了理论分析的正确性和所设计的变换系统的可行性。
根据电路拓扑原理,研制了一台1KV组合式航空逆变电源样机。该样机输入电压为270V直流,输出单相115V/400Hz交流。试验结果表明,论文所设计的电路拓扑是合理可行的。
The Aeronautical Static Inverter (ASI) is the electricity converter that converts the main DC electrical power into AC 115V/400Hz by using power semiconductor components. The history, present status and development trend of ASI are presented. The all power electricity is the new trend of the modern airplane. By the increment of the electronic device on airplane, the high-voltage 270V DC power supply mode is the trend of the the modern airplane.Because the hull of the aeroplane is the electrical earth of the aeronautical electrical AC load and the main DC power supply, so there should have electrical insulation between the input and output of the ASI. On the basis of the single stage soft switching DC/DC converter and single stage DC/AC inverter, a novel circuit topology of combined ASI is designed in the light of the idea of resonant DC link Inverter. This circuit topology is constituted of a phase-shift ZVSZCS soft switching DC/DC converter and a DC/AC inverter. The front stage uses the single-voltage-mode control strategy and the back stage uses the three states discrete pulse modulation hysteresis current control strategy.The principle and the key circuit parameters of the PS-ZVSZCS PWM DC/DC converter and the high frequency DC link DC/AC inverter that based on three states discrete pulse modulation hysteresis current are analyzed carefully. The front stage simulation is performed by using SABER and the back stage simulation is performed by using MATLAB. The principle and the key parameters are verified by the simulation results.An experimental prototype with combined topology for 1kVA ASI by using soft-switching technique is fabricated. The experimental results show that the circuit topology of the novel ASI is reasonable.
引文
[1] 陈道炼,“静止变流器”,哈尔滨工业大学出版社,2004。
[2] 陈道炼,“软开关PWM组合式航空静止变流器的研究”,南京航空航天大学文,1998。
[3] 严仰光主编,“航空航天器供电系统”,航空工业出版社,1995。
[4] 袁邦云,“组合式航空逆变电源”,西北工业大学工学硕士论文,2004。
[5] 程继东,“新型组合式软开关270V直流输入航空静止变流器研制”,西北工业大学工学硕士论文,2003。
[6] 刘凤君,“正弦波逆变器”,科学出版社,2002。
[7] 王兆安、黄俊主编,“电力电子技术”,机械工业出版社,2001。
[8] 张占松,蔡宣三,“开关电源的原理与设计”,电子工业出版社,1998。
[9] 阮新波,严仰光,“直流开关电源的软开关技术”,科学出版社,2000。
[10] Guichao Hua et al, "Novel zero voltage transition PWM converters", IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, 1994, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 213-219.
[11] Jung C cho et al, "Novel full bridge zero-voltage-transition PWM DC/DC converter for high power applications", IEEE APEC, 1994, pp. 143-149.
[12] Hacy Bodur and A. Faruk Bakan,"A New ZVT-PWM DC-DC Converter", IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, VOL. 17, NO. 1, JANUARY 2002, pp. 40～147.
[13] 阮新波,严仰光著,“脉宽调制DC/DC全桥变换器的软开关技术”科学出版社,1999。
[14] CHRIS IANNELLO et al, "Full Bridge ZCS PWM Converter for High-Voltage High-Power Applications", IEEE Trans. On Aerospace and Electronics Systems, 2002, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 515～525.
[15] Guichao Hua et al, "Novel zero current transition PWM converters", IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, 1994, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 601-606.
[16] 陈道炼,严仰光,“高频软开关PWM功率变换技术的发展与现状”,电讯技术,1996年第5期,pp.64～69。
[17] 高潮,周山雪,“基于恒频PWM及多谐振技术的桥式ZCS变流器”,电力电子技术,2003年第4期,pp.20～21。
[18] A. Cheriti et al,“A rugged soft commutated PWM inverter for ac drive",IEEE PSEC,1990,pp. 656～662.
[19] 阮新波等,“谐振直流环节逆变器—一种新颖的零电压开关拓扑”,电力电子技术,1994年第4期,pp.1～5。
[20] 高桂林等译,“飞机电力系统研究”,中国航空工业总公司第三O—研究所,1996。
[21] 阮新波,严仰光著,“脉宽调制DC/DC全桥变换器的软开关技术”科学出版社,1999。
[22] 阮新波等,“全桥变换器的控制策略”,电力电子技术,1998年第3期,pp.106～110。
[23] 阮新波等,“零电压零电流开关PWM DC/DC全桥变换器的分析”,电工技术学报,2000,第15卷第2期,pp.73～77。
[24] Hang-Seok Choi et al, "Novel Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current-Switching (ZVZCS) Full-Bridge PWM Converter Using Coupled Output Inductor", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 641～648.
[25] Jung-Goo cho et al, "Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current-Switching Full Bridge PWM Converter for High-Power Applications", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 622-628.
[26] Ruan Xinbo et al, "An improved phase-shifted zero-voltage and zero-current switching PWM converter", IEEE APEC, 1998, DO. 811～815.
[27] 陈道炼,“DC—AC逆变技术及其应用”,机械工业出版社,2003。
[28] 萧岚等,“谐振直流环节单相逆变器的参数设计”,电力电子技术,1998年第4期,pp.30-33.
[29] 邢岩等,“一种谐振直流环节逆变器的建模与校JE”,东南大学学报,1999,第29卷增刊,pp.57-61.
[30] 胡寿松编,“自动控制原理”,国防工业出版社,1994.pp.111～124。
[31] 陈亚娟,“三态滞环控制型逆变器外特性的研究”,电力系统及其自动化学报,2003年12月第6期,pp.41～44,pp.70。
[32] 章建峰,陈道炼,“三态准PWM电流滞环控制逆变器的分析与实现”,电力电子技术,2005年4月第2期,pp.33～35。
[33] Unitrode datasheet, "Phase Shift Resonant Controller UC3875/6/7/8,", Unitrode corp. SLUS229-July 1999.
[34] Bill Andreycak, "Phase shifted, zero voltage transition design considerations and the UC3875 PWM Controller", Unitrode Application Note U-136A.
[35] 刘胜利,“现代高频开关电源实用技术”,电子工业出版社,2001。
[36] 王慧贞等,“400Hz软开关中频电源的研制”,电力电子技术,1997年第 3期,pp.52～54。
[37] International Rectifier Corp,"IR2130/IR2132 (J)(S), 3-PHASE BRIDGE DRIVER", IR Data Sheet No. PD60019-N.
[38] 陆治国.电源的计算机仿真技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2001年。
[2] 陈道炼,“软开关PWM组合式航空静止变流器的研究”,南京航空航天大学文,1998。
[3] 严仰光主编,“航空航天器供电系统”,航空工业出版社,1995。
[4] 袁邦云,“组合式航空逆变电源”,西北工业大学工学硕士论文,2004。
[5] 程继东,“新型组合式软开关270V直流输入航空静止变流器研制”,西北工业大学工学硕士论文,2003。
[6] 刘凤君,“正弦波逆变器”,科学出版社,2002。
[7] 王兆安、黄俊主编,“电力电子技术”,机械工业出版社,2001。
[8] 张占松,蔡宣三,“开关电源的原理与设计”,电子工业出版社,1998。
[9] 阮新波,严仰光,“直流开关电源的软开关技术”,科学出版社,2000。
[10] Guichao Hua et al, "Novel zero voltage transition PWM converters", IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, 1994, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 213-219.
[11] Jung C cho et al, "Novel full bridge zero-voltage-transition PWM DC/DC converter for high power applications", IEEE APEC, 1994, pp. 143-149.
[12] Hacy Bodur and A. Faruk Bakan,"A New ZVT-PWM DC-DC Converter", IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, VOL. 17, NO. 1, JANUARY 2002, pp. 40～147.
[13] 阮新波,严仰光著,“脉宽调制DC/DC全桥变换器的软开关技术”科学出版社,1999。
[14] CHRIS IANNELLO et al, "Full Bridge ZCS PWM Converter for High-Voltage High-Power Applications", IEEE Trans. On Aerospace and Electronics Systems, 2002, Vol. 38, No. 2, pp. 515～525.
[15] Guichao Hua et al, "Novel zero current transition PWM converters", IEEE Trans. On Power Electronics, 1994, Vol. 9, No. 6, pp. 601-606.
[16] 陈道炼,严仰光,“高频软开关PWM功率变换技术的发展与现状”,电讯技术,1996年第5期,pp.64～69。
[17] 高潮,周山雪,“基于恒频PWM及多谐振技术的桥式ZCS变流器”,电力电子技术,2003年第4期,pp.20～21。
[18] A. Cheriti et al,“A rugged soft commutated PWM inverter for ac drive",IEEE PSEC,1990,pp. 656～662.
[19] 阮新波等,“谐振直流环节逆变器—一种新颖的零电压开关拓扑”,电力电子技术,1994年第4期,pp.1～5。
[20] 高桂林等译,“飞机电力系统研究”,中国航空工业总公司第三O—研究所,1996。
[21] 阮新波,严仰光著,“脉宽调制DC/DC全桥变换器的软开关技术”科学出版社,1999。
[22] 阮新波等,“全桥变换器的控制策略”,电力电子技术,1998年第3期,pp.106～110。
[23] 阮新波等,“零电压零电流开关PWM DC/DC全桥变换器的分析”,电工技术学报,2000,第15卷第2期,pp.73～77。
[24] Hang-Seok Choi et al, "Novel Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current-Switching (ZVZCS) Full-Bridge PWM Converter Using Coupled Output Inductor", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 17, No. 5, pp. 641～648.
[25] Jung-Goo cho et al, "Zero-Voltage and Zero-Current-Switching Full Bridge PWM Converter for High-Power Applications", IEEE Trans. Power Electronics, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 622-628.
[26] Ruan Xinbo et al, "An improved phase-shifted zero-voltage and zero-current switching PWM converter", IEEE APEC, 1998, DO. 811～815.
[27] 陈道炼,“DC—AC逆变技术及其应用”,机械工业出版社,2003。
[28] 萧岚等,“谐振直流环节单相逆变器的参数设计”,电力电子技术,1998年第4期,pp.30-33.
[29] 邢岩等,“一种谐振直流环节逆变器的建模与校JE”,东南大学学报,1999,第29卷增刊,pp.57-61.
[30] 胡寿松编,“自动控制原理”,国防工业出版社,1994.pp.111～124。
[31] 陈亚娟,“三态滞环控制型逆变器外特性的研究”,电力系统及其自动化学报,2003年12月第6期,pp.41～44,pp.70。
[32] 章建峰,陈道炼,“三态准PWM电流滞环控制逆变器的分析与实现”,电力电子技术,2005年4月第2期,pp.33～35。
[33] Unitrode datasheet, "Phase Shift Resonant Controller UC3875/6/7/8,", Unitrode corp. SLUS229-July 1999.
[34] Bill Andreycak, "Phase shifted, zero voltage transition design considerations and the UC3875 PWM Controller", Unitrode Application Note U-136A.
[35] 刘胜利,“现代高频开关电源实用技术”,电子工业出版社,2001。
[36] 王慧贞等,“400Hz软开关中频电源的研制”,电力电子技术,1997年第 3期,pp.52～54。
[37] International Rectifier Corp,"IR2130/IR2132 (J)(S), 3-PHASE BRIDGE DRIVER", IR Data Sheet No. PD60019-N.
[38] 陆治国.电源的计算机仿真技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2001年。