新疆黑果小檗地上部分几种生物碱的初步研究
摘要
小檗属植物是用途广泛的野生植物药,因其分布广泛、资源丰富而常用。许多种类可作为常用中药的代用品使用,绝大多数种类均含有小檗碱、小檗胺、药根碱、巴马汀等多种生物碱,并具有多种生理活性。新疆的黑果小檗分布广,资源丰富,是优良的野生资源植物,具有较大的开发利用潜力。
黑果小檗是小檗科小檗属植物。本实验分四部分对黑果小檗果实、叶、茎及茎皮中的四种生物碱(小檗碱、小檗胺、药根碱、巴马汀)进行了定性及定量分析,并对其中含量较多的两种生物碱(小檗碱、小檗胺)进行了提取分离,最后对小檗胺与小檗碱的抑菌活性进行了比较。结果如下:
1.定性分析的结果显示,黑果小檗的果实与叶中含有药根碱和巴马汀,茎与茎皮中含有小檗碱、小檗胺、药根碱和巴马汀。
2.用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法进行定量分析。测得黑果小檗中四种成分的含量分别为:果实中含药根碱0.032%,巴马汀0.002%;叶中含药根碱0.056%,巴马汀0.011%;茎中含小檗碱0.256%,小檗胺0.29%,药根碱0.045%,巴马汀0.008%;茎皮中含小檗碱0.377%,小檗胺0.412%,药根碱0.115%,巴马汀0.009%。
3.选用黑果小檗的枝干部分进行小檗碱和小檗胺的提取分离。先用稀酸浸提法进行总提取,选用0.5%～0.8%的稀硫酸浸提。再利用两者在稀酸中溶解度的不同将二者分离。纯化小檗碱时选用乙醚进行结晶,纯化小檗胺时采用酸溶碱沉法。提取出小檗碱结晶196.5mg,小檗胺结晶308.2mg。最后得到的晶体采用熔点法与红外光谱法进行鉴定。结果说明提取物为小檗碱和小檗
Berberis L. belongs to the wilding medicinal plants that have a wide range of application, in common use because it distributes extensive, and its supply is abundant. Many categories can be the substitute usage of the in common use Chinese herbal medicine, the great majority category all contain various alkaloid,such as Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine, Paimatine,and they have various physiology activities. Berberis heteropoda in Xinjiang distribute widely, and the resource is abundant.It is a kind of good wild resources plant and has great potential to be developed.
Berberis heteropoda Schrenk belongs to Berberis L. of Berberidaceae.This experiment was divided into the four-part to carry on qualitative and quantitative analysis for the four alkaloids (Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine, Paimatine) within the fruit,the leaves,the stems and the cauline teguments of blackfruit barberry. Then the more two alkaloids (Berberine, Berbamine) of them were distilled and separated. At last,we compared the antimicrobial activity between Berberine and Berbamine. Result is as follows:
1.This research made qualitative analysis which made use of chemical reaction and thinlayer chromatography(TLC) for Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine and Paimatine. The result shows that the fruit and leaves of blackfruit barberry imply Berberine and Berbamine,the stems and the cauline teguments of it imply Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine and Paimatine.
2.HPLC(high efficiency liquid chromatography) was applied to determine the content.The result is: It contains 0.032% of Jatrorrhzine and 0.002%of Paimatine in the fruit; 0.056% of Jatrorrhzine and
0.011% of Paimatine in the leaves; 0.256% of Berberine, 0.29% of Berbamine, 0.045% of Jatrorrhzine and 0.008% of Paimatine in the stems;0.377% of Berberine,0.412% of Berbamine, 0.115% of Jatrorrhzine and 0.009% of Paimatine in the cauline teguments. 3.Selected the branches of blackfruit barberry to experiment. First, subjected Berberine and Berbamine to 0.5%～0.8% of dilute vitriol. Second ,made use of their different solubility to separate them.Chose aether to sublimate Berberine in the end.Used repetitiously acid dissolving and alkali depositing to sublimate Berbamine. The weight of Berberine crystal was 196.5mg,and the one of Berbamine crystal was 308.2mg.At last,measured their melting point and infrared absorption spectrum to identify the crystals.The result shows that these crystals are Berberine and Berbamine,and their purity is better. 4.We used the crystals of Berberine and Berbamine as materials to compare the antibacterial activity between Berberine and Berbamine. As a result, Berberine had greater antimicrobe activity to Staphylo-coccus aureus ( MIC:0.02mg/mL) and Bacillus subitilis (MIC: 0.06mg/mL) than E.coli(MIC:0.4mg/mL) and yeast(MIC:0.7mg/mL). Berbamine had greater antimicrobe activity to E.coli(MIC:0.3mg/mL) than Staphylococcus aureus(MIC:1mg/mL), Bacillus subitilis(MIC: 1mg/mL) and yeast(MIC:0.8mg/mL).
黑果小檗是小檗科小檗属植物。本实验分四部分对黑果小檗果实、叶、茎及茎皮中的四种生物碱(小檗碱、小檗胺、药根碱、巴马汀)进行了定性及定量分析,并对其中含量较多的两种生物碱(小檗碱、小檗胺)进行了提取分离,最后对小檗胺与小檗碱的抑菌活性进行了比较。结果如下:
1.定性分析的结果显示,黑果小檗的果实与叶中含有药根碱和巴马汀,茎与茎皮中含有小檗碱、小檗胺、药根碱和巴马汀。
2.用高效液相色谱(HPLC)法进行定量分析。测得黑果小檗中四种成分的含量分别为:果实中含药根碱0.032%,巴马汀0.002%;叶中含药根碱0.056%,巴马汀0.011%;茎中含小檗碱0.256%,小檗胺0.29%,药根碱0.045%,巴马汀0.008%;茎皮中含小檗碱0.377%,小檗胺0.412%,药根碱0.115%,巴马汀0.009%。
3.选用黑果小檗的枝干部分进行小檗碱和小檗胺的提取分离。先用稀酸浸提法进行总提取,选用0.5%～0.8%的稀硫酸浸提。再利用两者在稀酸中溶解度的不同将二者分离。纯化小檗碱时选用乙醚进行结晶,纯化小檗胺时采用酸溶碱沉法。提取出小檗碱结晶196.5mg,小檗胺结晶308.2mg。最后得到的晶体采用熔点法与红外光谱法进行鉴定。结果说明提取物为小檗碱和小檗
Berberis L. belongs to the wilding medicinal plants that have a wide range of application, in common use because it distributes extensive, and its supply is abundant. Many categories can be the substitute usage of the in common use Chinese herbal medicine, the great majority category all contain various alkaloid,such as Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine, Paimatine,and they have various physiology activities. Berberis heteropoda in Xinjiang distribute widely, and the resource is abundant.It is a kind of good wild resources plant and has great potential to be developed.
Berberis heteropoda Schrenk belongs to Berberis L. of Berberidaceae.This experiment was divided into the four-part to carry on qualitative and quantitative analysis for the four alkaloids (Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine, Paimatine) within the fruit,the leaves,the stems and the cauline teguments of blackfruit barberry. Then the more two alkaloids (Berberine, Berbamine) of them were distilled and separated. At last,we compared the antimicrobial activity between Berberine and Berbamine. Result is as follows:
1.This research made qualitative analysis which made use of chemical reaction and thinlayer chromatography(TLC) for Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine and Paimatine. The result shows that the fruit and leaves of blackfruit barberry imply Berberine and Berbamine,the stems and the cauline teguments of it imply Berberine, Berbamine, Jatrorrhzine and Paimatine.
2.HPLC(high efficiency liquid chromatography) was applied to determine the content.The result is: It contains 0.032% of Jatrorrhzine and 0.002%of Paimatine in the fruit; 0.056% of Jatrorrhzine and
0.011% of Paimatine in the leaves; 0.256% of Berberine, 0.29% of Berbamine, 0.045% of Jatrorrhzine and 0.008% of Paimatine in the stems;0.377% of Berberine,0.412% of Berbamine, 0.115% of Jatrorrhzine and 0.009% of Paimatine in the cauline teguments. 3.Selected the branches of blackfruit barberry to experiment. First, subjected Berberine and Berbamine to 0.5%～0.8% of dilute vitriol. Second ,made use of their different solubility to separate them.Chose aether to sublimate Berberine in the end.Used repetitiously acid dissolving and alkali depositing to sublimate Berbamine. The weight of Berberine crystal was 196.5mg,and the one of Berbamine crystal was 308.2mg.At last,measured their melting point and infrared absorption spectrum to identify the crystals.The result shows that these crystals are Berberine and Berbamine,and their purity is better. 4.We used the crystals of Berberine and Berbamine as materials to compare the antibacterial activity between Berberine and Berbamine. As a result, Berberine had greater antimicrobe activity to Staphylo-coccus aureus ( MIC:0.02mg/mL) and Bacillus subitilis (MIC: 0.06mg/mL) than E.coli(MIC:0.4mg/mL) and yeast(MIC:0.7mg/mL). Berbamine had greater antimicrobe activity to E.coli(MIC:0.3mg/mL) than Staphylococcus aureus(MIC:1mg/mL), Bacillus subitilis(MIC: 1mg/mL) and yeast(MIC:0.8mg/mL).
引文
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