基于分层递阶控制理论的城市电网自愈控制研究
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摘要
城市是电力负荷中心,城市电网的持续安全可靠运行与社会生产和生活息息相关,电.能要求瞬时平衡,而城市电网及其运行环境日益复杂,不确定性增加,对城市电网的运行控制提出了更高的要求。根据生物体维持其自愈力的原理,结合城市电网的特点,研究适应城市电网运行控制要求的自愈控制方法,基于分层递阶控制理论和智能体群体系统理论建立城市电网自愈控制体系结构和控制模型,设计自愈控制的实现方法,在城市电网运行脆弱性评估基础上实施合理的控制方案。具体工作如下：
(1)结合分层递阶控制理论和电力系统控制的基本框架,提出城市电网自愈的分层递阶控制体系结构,在该体系结构下,通过充分发挥分布式电源的有益补充和紧急支撑作用提高城市电网的自愈力；
(2)结合分层递阶控制结构和智能体群体系统理论,提出基于MAS的城市电网分层递阶自愈控制结构,建立城市电网自愈控制的数学模型,提出控制策略的三维协调模式,在该模式下建立基于分层递阶控制理论的自愈控制模型,各层之间具有统一的接口模型；
(3)定义动态随机变量,建立其概率模型,利用随机变量的半不变量和Gram-Charlier级数进行动态概率潮流计算,分析各种扰动对城市电网的危害,基于风险理论提出城市电网运行脆弱性评估指标和评估方法,通过对城市电网运行状态的评估为制定自愈控制方案提供依据；
(4)基于提出的城市电网自愈的分层递阶控制体系结构和控制模型,设计城市电网自愈控制系统框架、各级智能体结构及其协调策略。
通过上述的自愈控制体系结构、控制模型、分析方法和系统框架,搭建城市电网自愈控制系统,在南京六合电网和江宁电网进行实际应用,实现城市电网自适应闭环控制,保持向更健康状态转移的自愈力,保证用户的持续供电。
City is the center of electric power load. It is important that the urban power grid can provide continuous power supply and operate in security and reliability state, which is closely linked with social production and life. The operation of power system needs energy to be in instantaneous equilibrium. The urban power grid and its operating environment is increasingly complex with enlarged uncertainty, which increase the difficulty of the urban power grid control. According to the principle of maintaining the self-healing power of organisms, and considering the characteristics of the urban power grid, the self-healing control method adapting requirements of the urban power grid control is studied in this paper. The self-healing control architecture and control model is established based on hierarchical control theory and multi-agent system theory. The implementation method of self-healing control is designed, and a proper control scheme is implemented on the basis of vulnerability assessment for the operation of the urban power grid.
The specific work is as follows:
(1) Hierarchical control architecture of self-healing urban power grid is put forward by combing with hierarchical control theory and the basic framework of power system control. Under the architecture, the self-healing power of the urban power grid is raised by giving full play to the beneficial supplement and emergency supporting function of distributed generation.
(2) Hierarchical self-healing control structure of the urban power grid based on multi-agent system is put forward by combined with hierarchical control theory and multi-agent system theory. The mathematical model of self-healing control and three-dimensional coordination mode of its control strategy are established for the urban power grid. The self-healing control model based on hierarchical control theory is established with unified interface model.
(3) Dynamic random variable is defined, and its probability model is established. And then dynamic probability power flow is calculated by using semi-invariant of random variables and the Gram-Charlier progression. The harms to the urban power grid caused by various disturbances are analyzed in this paper. Evaluation index and method for the vulnerability assessment to the urban power grid are provided based on risk theory. It can provide the basis for making self-healing control scheme by evaluating the operating status of the urban power grid.
(4) Based on hierarchical control architecture and control model of self-healing urban power grid provided in this paper, system framework of self-healing control for the urban power grid is designed, and then agent structure and its coordination strategy at all levels are provided.
Self-healing control system of the urban power grid is established through the aforesaid self-healing control architecture, control model, analysis methods and system framework. The system is installed in Jiangning urban power grid and Luhe urban power grid in Nanjin. The practical application shows that the self-healing control sysemt could realize the adaptive closed-loop control in the urban power grid. So the urban power grid can keep the self-healing power of transferring to a more healthy state, and ensure continuous power supply for customers.
(1)结合分层递阶控制理论和电力系统控制的基本框架,提出城市电网自愈的分层递阶控制体系结构,在该体系结构下,通过充分发挥分布式电源的有益补充和紧急支撑作用提高城市电网的自愈力；
(2)结合分层递阶控制结构和智能体群体系统理论,提出基于MAS的城市电网分层递阶自愈控制结构,建立城市电网自愈控制的数学模型,提出控制策略的三维协调模式,在该模式下建立基于分层递阶控制理论的自愈控制模型,各层之间具有统一的接口模型；
(3)定义动态随机变量,建立其概率模型,利用随机变量的半不变量和Gram-Charlier级数进行动态概率潮流计算,分析各种扰动对城市电网的危害,基于风险理论提出城市电网运行脆弱性评估指标和评估方法,通过对城市电网运行状态的评估为制定自愈控制方案提供依据；
(4)基于提出的城市电网自愈的分层递阶控制体系结构和控制模型,设计城市电网自愈控制系统框架、各级智能体结构及其协调策略。
通过上述的自愈控制体系结构、控制模型、分析方法和系统框架,搭建城市电网自愈控制系统,在南京六合电网和江宁电网进行实际应用,实现城市电网自适应闭环控制,保持向更健康状态转移的自愈力,保证用户的持续供电。
City is the center of electric power load. It is important that the urban power grid can provide continuous power supply and operate in security and reliability state, which is closely linked with social production and life. The operation of power system needs energy to be in instantaneous equilibrium. The urban power grid and its operating environment is increasingly complex with enlarged uncertainty, which increase the difficulty of the urban power grid control. According to the principle of maintaining the self-healing power of organisms, and considering the characteristics of the urban power grid, the self-healing control method adapting requirements of the urban power grid control is studied in this paper. The self-healing control architecture and control model is established based on hierarchical control theory and multi-agent system theory. The implementation method of self-healing control is designed, and a proper control scheme is implemented on the basis of vulnerability assessment for the operation of the urban power grid.
The specific work is as follows:
(1) Hierarchical control architecture of self-healing urban power grid is put forward by combing with hierarchical control theory and the basic framework of power system control. Under the architecture, the self-healing power of the urban power grid is raised by giving full play to the beneficial supplement and emergency supporting function of distributed generation.
(2) Hierarchical self-healing control structure of the urban power grid based on multi-agent system is put forward by combined with hierarchical control theory and multi-agent system theory. The mathematical model of self-healing control and three-dimensional coordination mode of its control strategy are established for the urban power grid. The self-healing control model based on hierarchical control theory is established with unified interface model.
(3) Dynamic random variable is defined, and its probability model is established. And then dynamic probability power flow is calculated by using semi-invariant of random variables and the Gram-Charlier progression. The harms to the urban power grid caused by various disturbances are analyzed in this paper. Evaluation index and method for the vulnerability assessment to the urban power grid are provided based on risk theory. It can provide the basis for making self-healing control scheme by evaluating the operating status of the urban power grid.
(4) Based on hierarchical control architecture and control model of self-healing urban power grid provided in this paper, system framework of self-healing control for the urban power grid is designed, and then agent structure and its coordination strategy at all levels are provided.
Self-healing control system of the urban power grid is established through the aforesaid self-healing control architecture, control model, analysis methods and system framework. The system is installed in Jiangning urban power grid and Luhe urban power grid in Nanjin. The practical application shows that the self-healing control sysemt could realize the adaptive closed-loop control in the urban power grid. So the urban power grid can keep the self-healing power of transferring to a more healthy state, and ensure continuous power supply for customers.
引文
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