CSCW环境下博士CAD系统并发控制机制的研究与实现
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摘要
随着全球竞争的不断加剧,制造业在产品的设计、制造与市场方面正面临着前所未有的挑战,传统的串行设计方法已经不能满足不断快速变化的市场需求。随着信息化进程的不断深入,计算机支持的协同工作(CSCW)正在受到日益广泛的重视并发挥重大作用,成为一个研究热点。
本论文分析如何采用计算机及相关技术支持群组的协同工作,在此基础上改进一个基于CSCW的协同博士CAD原型系统,并对并发控制机制和访问控制机制进行了深入的研究。
论文首先引出了协同系统的设计目标。通过对协同设计特点和协作方式的分析,对常用协同系统的体系结构进行了比较,分析了协同博士CAD系统的体系结构。接着通过对现有CSCW系统中采用的并发控制方法进行分析和讨论,研究了协同博士CAD系统中并发控制原则以及并发控制机制。
论文在继续分析最初版本博士CAD系统的基于角色的访问控制RBAC以及第二版本博士CAD系统的基于角色的增强访问控制SRBAC的基础之上,提出了一种新的改进的访问控制模型BSRBAC,该模型能够比较好地解决以往博士CAD系统采用的访问机制所存在的问题。
最后在协同博士CAD系统中应用了本文中提出的并发控制方法和访问控制机制。
结果证明,本文提出的并发控制机制和访问机制是有效的,可行的,成功的。该系统具有开放式的结构,有效结合了本文提及的相关技术,对协同用户的操作具有高响应性、并发性和动态可适应性,并能及时有效地进行冲突处理。
In this modern society, as global competition goes fiercer and fiercer, design, manufacturing and market of product are facing extreme challenge. Traditional serial design method can not face the need of continuously fast-changing market. Enterprises should make good use of information technology based on networks to promote their competitive strength with new designing and manufacturing mode. In this way, they can assemble scattered design resources quickly and, as a result, form a teamwork-collaborative design mode based on networks within the enterprise or between several enterprises. As the information process proceeds, computer supported collaborative work gets more and more attention and becomes a hot research area.
This dissertation discusses on how to make use of computer and its related technologies to support teamwork and to implement a CSCW-based collaborative Dr. CAD system. Most important of all, concurrency control mechanism and access control mechanism are deeply discussed in detail.
The whole design target of the system is proposed firstly. Collaborative design feature and collaborative method are analyzed and architectures of collaborative system are compared and the architecture of collaborative Dr. CAD system is described.
The dissertation makes analysis and discussion of concurrency control method of currently available CSCW system and proposes the concurrent control principle and consistent model of collaborative Dr. CAD system.
Furthermore, the paper proposes a new access control mechanism of Dr. CAD system called BSRBAC based on both RBAC in the initial version of Dr. CAD and SRBAC in the second version of Dr. CAD system. Theoretically, the new access control model can solve the problems occurred in previous versions of Dr. CAD system.
Finally, the concurrency control and access control proposed in this dissertation are implemented in the Dr. CAD system.
The experiment has proved that the Dr. CAD system has the open style structure and has effectively verified the related technology proposed in this paper. Dr. CAD has high responsiveness, concurrency and dynamic compatibility, and can carry on conflict processing effectively.
本论文分析如何采用计算机及相关技术支持群组的协同工作,在此基础上改进一个基于CSCW的协同博士CAD原型系统,并对并发控制机制和访问控制机制进行了深入的研究。
论文首先引出了协同系统的设计目标。通过对协同设计特点和协作方式的分析,对常用协同系统的体系结构进行了比较,分析了协同博士CAD系统的体系结构。接着通过对现有CSCW系统中采用的并发控制方法进行分析和讨论,研究了协同博士CAD系统中并发控制原则以及并发控制机制。
论文在继续分析最初版本博士CAD系统的基于角色的访问控制RBAC以及第二版本博士CAD系统的基于角色的增强访问控制SRBAC的基础之上,提出了一种新的改进的访问控制模型BSRBAC,该模型能够比较好地解决以往博士CAD系统采用的访问机制所存在的问题。
最后在协同博士CAD系统中应用了本文中提出的并发控制方法和访问控制机制。
结果证明,本文提出的并发控制机制和访问机制是有效的,可行的,成功的。该系统具有开放式的结构,有效结合了本文提及的相关技术,对协同用户的操作具有高响应性、并发性和动态可适应性,并能及时有效地进行冲突处理。
In this modern society, as global competition goes fiercer and fiercer, design, manufacturing and market of product are facing extreme challenge. Traditional serial design method can not face the need of continuously fast-changing market. Enterprises should make good use of information technology based on networks to promote their competitive strength with new designing and manufacturing mode. In this way, they can assemble scattered design resources quickly and, as a result, form a teamwork-collaborative design mode based on networks within the enterprise or between several enterprises. As the information process proceeds, computer supported collaborative work gets more and more attention and becomes a hot research area.
This dissertation discusses on how to make use of computer and its related technologies to support teamwork and to implement a CSCW-based collaborative Dr. CAD system. Most important of all, concurrency control mechanism and access control mechanism are deeply discussed in detail.
The whole design target of the system is proposed firstly. Collaborative design feature and collaborative method are analyzed and architectures of collaborative system are compared and the architecture of collaborative Dr. CAD system is described.
The dissertation makes analysis and discussion of concurrency control method of currently available CSCW system and proposes the concurrent control principle and consistent model of collaborative Dr. CAD system.
Furthermore, the paper proposes a new access control mechanism of Dr. CAD system called BSRBAC based on both RBAC in the initial version of Dr. CAD and SRBAC in the second version of Dr. CAD system. Theoretically, the new access control model can solve the problems occurred in previous versions of Dr. CAD system.
Finally, the concurrency control and access control proposed in this dissertation are implemented in the Dr. CAD system.
The experiment has proved that the Dr. CAD system has the open style structure and has effectively verified the related technology proposed in this paper. Dr. CAD has high responsiveness, concurrency and dynamic compatibility, and can carry on conflict processing effectively.
引文
[1]李敏强,王深,周静.CSCW系统中协同机制及协同活动模型,系统工程与电子技术,2000,22(4):28-31.
[2]薛安荣.CSCW在协同商业CAD系统中的应用与研究.江苏理工大学学报.2000,21(1):65-68.
[3]史美林,向勇,杨光信等.计算机支持的协同工作理论与应用[M].电子工业出版社,2000.
[4]Rodden T.Distribute system support for computer supported cooperative work.Computer Communications[J],1992,12(8):527-538.
[5]Jonathan Grudlin.Computer-supported cooperative work:History and focus[J].IEEE Computer,1994,21(5):19-26.
[6]顾君忠.计算机支持的协同工作导论[M].清华大学出版社,北京,2002.
[7]Sutherland LE,Sketchpad,a man-machine graphical communication system,PhD thesis,MIT,Cambridge,USA,1963.
[8]博士学位论文,基于CSCW的CAD系统协作支持工具的研究,武汉理工大学,2000.
[9]Wagner M.R,Understanding the ICAD system,ICAD Inc.,Cambridge MA,1990.
[10]“CAD技术发展历程概览”,计算机世界报,2002,05.
[11]Stock A,Jasonch U.A collaborative engineering environment[A].In:Proceedings of Team CAD' 97 Workshop on Collaborative Design[C],Altana,GA,1997,25-33.
[12]Ellis C A,Gibbs S J.Concurrency control in groupware systems[A].In:James C,ed.Proc.of the ACM SIGMOD Conf.on Management of Data[C],Seattle,ACM Press,1989,(5):399-407.
[13]SUN C,JIA X,ZHANG Y,YANG Y,CHEN D.Achieving convergence,causality preservation and intention-preservation in real-time cooperative editing systems[J].ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction,1998, 9,1(3):63-108.
[14]SUN C,CHEN D.Consistency Maintenance in Real-Time Collaborative Graphics Editing Systems[J].ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction,2002,9,1(3):1-41.
[15]ELLIS C A,GIBBS S J,REIN G.L.Group Ware Some issues and experiences Common[J].ACM 1991,34,1(1):39-58.
[16]KNISTER M,PRAKASH A.Issues in the design of a toolkit for supporting multiple group editors[J].J U senix Assoc,1993,6,2:135-166.
[17]杨武勇,史美林,姜进磊.一种集成组播代理和操作转换的并发控制方法[J].2004,15(4):197-503.
[18]A Farrag,M T Ozsu.Using semantic knowledge of transactions to increase concurrency[J].ACM Transactions on Database Systems,1989,14(4):503-525.
[19]郭学旭,王云鹏.计算机辅助协同设计系统并发控制机制的研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,16(2):202-206.
[20]Qian D,Gorss M D.Collaborative Design with NetDraw[J].In Proceedings of Computer Aided Architectural Design Futrues,1999:213-226.
[21]Jae Yeol Lee,Sung Bae Han,Hyun Kim,Sang Bong Park.Network-Centric Feature-Based Modeling[J].Proceedings of Pacific Graphics'99 IEEE Computer Society,CA,1999:280-289.
[22]Bidarra R,Van den Berg E,Bronsvoort W F.Collaborative modeling with features[A].In:CD-ROM Proceedings of 2001 ASME Degisn Engineering Technical Conference[C],Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,2001.
[23]Van den Berg E.Web-based collaborative modeling with SPIFF[D].Masters Thesis,Faculty of Information Technology and Systems,Delft University of Technology,2000.
[24]Tek Jin Nam.An Investigation of Multi-user Design Tools for Collaborative 3D Modeling[A].The 1998 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work(Doctoral Colloquium)[C],Seattle,1998,(11):14-18.
[25]Tek Jin Nam,Wright D.The Development and Evaluation of Syco3D:A Real-Time Collaborative 3D CAD System[J].Design Studies,2001,22:557-582.
[26]Dietrich U,Von Lukas U,Morche I.Cooperative modeling with TOBACO [J].Proceedings of the TeamCAD97 Workshop on Collaborative Design,1997,(5):115-122.
[27]彭维,叶修梓,陈志杨.国际CAD产业格局与新兴的CAD技术公司,计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,Vol.15,No.10,2003:1200-1206.
[28]叶修梓,彭维,何利力.从工业界的角度看CAD技术的研究主题与发展方向.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.Vol.15,No.10,2003:1194-1199.
[29]技术专题:计算机支持的协同工作(CSCW)[J].软件世界,1995,总99(12):S:55-64.
[30]刘新福,王光彩,代雯君,顾君忠.集中式CSCW环境中对实时共享对象的并发控制算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2002,23(6):666-670.
[31]杨光信,史美林.全复制结构下基于对象数据模型的并发控制[J].计算机学报,2003,23(2):113-125.
[32]王倩,金桦,吴立峰.混合结构的集成化协同设计环境[J].青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版),2004,25(6):530-534.
[33]赵蓉.协同CAD系统的并发控制机制的研究与实现.硕士学位论文.西北大学.2007,4.
[34]许向华.可适应的协同编辑系统若干问题研究[D].博士学位论文,浙江大学.2005,5.
[35]曹健,吴瑞珉,张友良.CSCW环境下协同设计的多版本问题及其管理策略计算机工程与应用.1998,11:32-34.
[36]周明全,韦娜,耿国华.交互信息理论及改进的颜色量化方法在图像检索中的应用实现.小型微型计算机系统.2006,7.Vol21,No7.
[37]P.Dewan & H.Shen.Controlling Access in Multiuser Interfaces[J].ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction,1998,5(1):34-62.
[38]夏辉,柏文阳,汪星,樊征,张剡.数据库安全模型NDMAC的设计及应 用.计算机应用研究.2005,Vol22,No1:134-136.
[39]宋孝林.基于CSCW的协同CAD系统的并发控制的研究与实现.硕士学位论文.西北大学 2006,5.
[40]李孟坷,余祥宣.基于角色的访问控制技术及运用.计算机应用研究.2000,10:44-47.
[41]霍华,刘俊强,普杰信.基于RBAC模型的数据库安全访问控制机制.河南科技大学学报:自然科学版.2003.Vol24.No3.
[42]田建刚,史浩山.一种扩展的基于角色访问的控制模型ERBAC的研究及其应用.科学技术与工程.2007,11.Vol 7,No 21.
[43]张志刚,吴国新.一种计算机支持的协同设计访问控制模型.微机发展.2005:141-144
[44]P.Dewan and R.Choudhary.A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multi-User Interfaces.ACM TOIS,Vol.10,No.4,1992:345-380.
[45]Steve Benford,A Spatial Model of Interaction in Large Virtual Environments.the Third European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work(ECSCW'93)Milan,September,1993.
[46]陈在康,张国强,张泉,宋春玲.An Application of Dynamic Data Exchange to Development of HVAC CAD.海南大学学报:自然科学版.1999.4.
[2]薛安荣.CSCW在协同商业CAD系统中的应用与研究.江苏理工大学学报.2000,21(1):65-68.
[3]史美林,向勇,杨光信等.计算机支持的协同工作理论与应用[M].电子工业出版社,2000.
[4]Rodden T.Distribute system support for computer supported cooperative work.Computer Communications[J],1992,12(8):527-538.
[5]Jonathan Grudlin.Computer-supported cooperative work:History and focus[J].IEEE Computer,1994,21(5):19-26.
[6]顾君忠.计算机支持的协同工作导论[M].清华大学出版社,北京,2002.
[7]Sutherland LE,Sketchpad,a man-machine graphical communication system,PhD thesis,MIT,Cambridge,USA,1963.
[8]博士学位论文,基于CSCW的CAD系统协作支持工具的研究,武汉理工大学,2000.
[9]Wagner M.R,Understanding the ICAD system,ICAD Inc.,Cambridge MA,1990.
[10]“CAD技术发展历程概览”,计算机世界报,2002,05.
[11]Stock A,Jasonch U.A collaborative engineering environment[A].In:Proceedings of Team CAD' 97 Workshop on Collaborative Design[C],Altana,GA,1997,25-33.
[12]Ellis C A,Gibbs S J.Concurrency control in groupware systems[A].In:James C,ed.Proc.of the ACM SIGMOD Conf.on Management of Data[C],Seattle,ACM Press,1989,(5):399-407.
[13]SUN C,JIA X,ZHANG Y,YANG Y,CHEN D.Achieving convergence,causality preservation and intention-preservation in real-time cooperative editing systems[J].ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction,1998, 9,1(3):63-108.
[14]SUN C,CHEN D.Consistency Maintenance in Real-Time Collaborative Graphics Editing Systems[J].ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction,2002,9,1(3):1-41.
[15]ELLIS C A,GIBBS S J,REIN G.L.Group Ware Some issues and experiences Common[J].ACM 1991,34,1(1):39-58.
[16]KNISTER M,PRAKASH A.Issues in the design of a toolkit for supporting multiple group editors[J].J U senix Assoc,1993,6,2:135-166.
[17]杨武勇,史美林,姜进磊.一种集成组播代理和操作转换的并发控制方法[J].2004,15(4):197-503.
[18]A Farrag,M T Ozsu.Using semantic knowledge of transactions to increase concurrency[J].ACM Transactions on Database Systems,1989,14(4):503-525.
[19]郭学旭,王云鹏.计算机辅助协同设计系统并发控制机制的研究[J].计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,2004,16(2):202-206.
[20]Qian D,Gorss M D.Collaborative Design with NetDraw[J].In Proceedings of Computer Aided Architectural Design Futrues,1999:213-226.
[21]Jae Yeol Lee,Sung Bae Han,Hyun Kim,Sang Bong Park.Network-Centric Feature-Based Modeling[J].Proceedings of Pacific Graphics'99 IEEE Computer Society,CA,1999:280-289.
[22]Bidarra R,Van den Berg E,Bronsvoort W F.Collaborative modeling with features[A].In:CD-ROM Proceedings of 2001 ASME Degisn Engineering Technical Conference[C],Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,2001.
[23]Van den Berg E.Web-based collaborative modeling with SPIFF[D].Masters Thesis,Faculty of Information Technology and Systems,Delft University of Technology,2000.
[24]Tek Jin Nam.An Investigation of Multi-user Design Tools for Collaborative 3D Modeling[A].The 1998 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work(Doctoral Colloquium)[C],Seattle,1998,(11):14-18.
[25]Tek Jin Nam,Wright D.The Development and Evaluation of Syco3D:A Real-Time Collaborative 3D CAD System[J].Design Studies,2001,22:557-582.
[26]Dietrich U,Von Lukas U,Morche I.Cooperative modeling with TOBACO [J].Proceedings of the TeamCAD97 Workshop on Collaborative Design,1997,(5):115-122.
[27]彭维,叶修梓,陈志杨.国际CAD产业格局与新兴的CAD技术公司,计算机辅助设计与图形学学报,Vol.15,No.10,2003:1200-1206.
[28]叶修梓,彭维,何利力.从工业界的角度看CAD技术的研究主题与发展方向.计算机辅助设计与图形学学报.Vol.15,No.10,2003:1194-1199.
[29]技术专题:计算机支持的协同工作(CSCW)[J].软件世界,1995,总99(12):S:55-64.
[30]刘新福,王光彩,代雯君,顾君忠.集中式CSCW环境中对实时共享对象的并发控制算法[J].小型微型计算机系统,2002,23(6):666-670.
[31]杨光信,史美林.全复制结构下基于对象数据模型的并发控制[J].计算机学报,2003,23(2):113-125.
[32]王倩,金桦,吴立峰.混合结构的集成化协同设计环境[J].青岛科技大学学报(自然科学版),2004,25(6):530-534.
[33]赵蓉.协同CAD系统的并发控制机制的研究与实现.硕士学位论文.西北大学.2007,4.
[34]许向华.可适应的协同编辑系统若干问题研究[D].博士学位论文,浙江大学.2005,5.
[35]曹健,吴瑞珉,张友良.CSCW环境下协同设计的多版本问题及其管理策略计算机工程与应用.1998,11:32-34.
[36]周明全,韦娜,耿国华.交互信息理论及改进的颜色量化方法在图像检索中的应用实现.小型微型计算机系统.2006,7.Vol21,No7.
[37]P.Dewan & H.Shen.Controlling Access in Multiuser Interfaces[J].ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction,1998,5(1):34-62.
[38]夏辉,柏文阳,汪星,樊征,张剡.数据库安全模型NDMAC的设计及应 用.计算机应用研究.2005,Vol22,No1:134-136.
[39]宋孝林.基于CSCW的协同CAD系统的并发控制的研究与实现.硕士学位论文.西北大学 2006,5.
[40]李孟坷,余祥宣.基于角色的访问控制技术及运用.计算机应用研究.2000,10:44-47.
[41]霍华,刘俊强,普杰信.基于RBAC模型的数据库安全访问控制机制.河南科技大学学报:自然科学版.2003.Vol24.No3.
[42]田建刚,史浩山.一种扩展的基于角色访问的控制模型ERBAC的研究及其应用.科学技术与工程.2007,11.Vol 7,No 21.
[43]张志刚,吴国新.一种计算机支持的协同设计访问控制模型.微机发展.2005:141-144
[44]P.Dewan and R.Choudhary.A High-Level and Flexible Framework for Implementing Multi-User Interfaces.ACM TOIS,Vol.10,No.4,1992:345-380.
[45]Steve Benford,A Spatial Model of Interaction in Large Virtual Environments.the Third European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work(ECSCW'93)Milan,September,1993.
[46]陈在康,张国强,张泉,宋春玲.An Application of Dynamic Data Exchange to Development of HVAC CAD.海南大学学报:自然科学版.1999.4.