三维地质建模中的CAD图形I/O接口研究
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摘要
随着计算机技术和信息产业的不断发展,CAD辅助设计在工程设计领域应用非常广泛。但是,CAD技术的应用主要是二维的,在三维方面,由于地质结构的复杂性难以得到广泛的应用,或者目前尚未得到广泛应用。
基于上面原因,本文研究目的是开发基于AutoCAD强大图形交互功能和图形输出功能的数据接口的三维地质建模软件系统,重点解决从AutoCAD到三维地质建模系统的前端输入,以及三维地质建模系统到AutoCAD的后端输出,从而在实现CAD原始资料的提取为三维地质建模系统服务的同时,把三维地质建模系统处理过的模型数据输出到AutoCAD中。
为了实现三维地质建模与可视化系统的前端输入接口和后端输出接口,本文主要从以下几方面开展研究:
针对三维地质建模系统研究中的相关地质属性数据获取问题,研究提出了一种基于AutoCAD图形数据直接和间接提取,并给出了利用ObjectARX托管封装类编程实现AutoCAD图形数据直接提取,以及AutoCAD地质平面图部分地质属性数据的自适应、细分和聚类提取方法的基本思路和流程。这些方法应用为有效利用现有地质资料,避免重复工作,有效地解决了三维地质建模中繁重的原始地质资料的录入问题。
针对三维地质模型图形输出问题,研究了实现地质综合平面图、地质剖面图导入AutoCAD中的输出问题,研究了一种有效利用三维地质建模系统完成的地质综合平面图、地质剖面图数据,自动实现岩层岩性纹理填充方法和三维地质建模系统图形与AutoCAD系统后端输出接口问题。从而,有效利用AutoCAD强大图像编辑功能和纹理属性填充功能,有效解决了地质综合平面图、地质剖面图直观地质信息表示和更吻合地质专家的习惯需要。
With the development of computer technology and information industry, CAD (Computer Assistant Design) is widely used in the field of engineering design.However, CAD technology are mainly used in two-dimensional space.In three-dimensional,it is difficult to obtain a wide range of applications as the complexity of the geological structure,or have not yet been widely applied.
Based on the above reasons, the purpose of this paper is to develop a three-dimensional geological modeling software system based on AutoCAD powerful graphics and interactive features and graphic output data interface.It focus on resolving the front-end output from AutoCAD to three-dimensional geological modeling system,and the back-end output from three-dimensional geological modeling system to AutoCAD.So,it achieves the extraction of raw data in AutoCAD for the three-dimensional geological modeling system services.At the same time,it carries out the model data dealt by the three-dimensional geological modeling system to output in AutoCAD.
For the implement of the front-end input interface and the back-end output interface, main research work in this paper expressed in the following areas:
Aimed at the need of geological data in the three-dimensional geological modeling system, the paper introduces direct and indirect methods to extract the data from AutoCAD graphics, and gives the basic ideas and processes of direct extraction method, used ObjectARX managed wrapper classes.It also gives the relevant methods of indirect extraction method. It is a fast and effective way to get geological data.
For three-dimensional geological model graphics output problem, the paper studies on the implement of 2D map output in AutoCAD.Effective methods to fill the region with texture automatically and to carry out the back-end output interface from three-dimensional geological modeling system to AutoCAD are studied.These methods are using the data deduced by three-dimensional geological modeling system. Thus, effective using AutoCAD powerful image-editing and texture attributes hatch functions, it achieves intuitive geological information indication of 2D map in AutoCAD, and it is in accord with the habit need of geological experts.
基于上面原因,本文研究目的是开发基于AutoCAD强大图形交互功能和图形输出功能的数据接口的三维地质建模软件系统,重点解决从AutoCAD到三维地质建模系统的前端输入,以及三维地质建模系统到AutoCAD的后端输出,从而在实现CAD原始资料的提取为三维地质建模系统服务的同时,把三维地质建模系统处理过的模型数据输出到AutoCAD中。
为了实现三维地质建模与可视化系统的前端输入接口和后端输出接口,本文主要从以下几方面开展研究:
针对三维地质建模系统研究中的相关地质属性数据获取问题,研究提出了一种基于AutoCAD图形数据直接和间接提取,并给出了利用ObjectARX托管封装类编程实现AutoCAD图形数据直接提取,以及AutoCAD地质平面图部分地质属性数据的自适应、细分和聚类提取方法的基本思路和流程。这些方法应用为有效利用现有地质资料,避免重复工作,有效地解决了三维地质建模中繁重的原始地质资料的录入问题。
针对三维地质模型图形输出问题,研究了实现地质综合平面图、地质剖面图导入AutoCAD中的输出问题,研究了一种有效利用三维地质建模系统完成的地质综合平面图、地质剖面图数据,自动实现岩层岩性纹理填充方法和三维地质建模系统图形与AutoCAD系统后端输出接口问题。从而,有效利用AutoCAD强大图像编辑功能和纹理属性填充功能,有效解决了地质综合平面图、地质剖面图直观地质信息表示和更吻合地质专家的习惯需要。
With the development of computer technology and information industry, CAD (Computer Assistant Design) is widely used in the field of engineering design.However, CAD technology are mainly used in two-dimensional space.In three-dimensional,it is difficult to obtain a wide range of applications as the complexity of the geological structure,or have not yet been widely applied.
Based on the above reasons, the purpose of this paper is to develop a three-dimensional geological modeling software system based on AutoCAD powerful graphics and interactive features and graphic output data interface.It focus on resolving the front-end output from AutoCAD to three-dimensional geological modeling system,and the back-end output from three-dimensional geological modeling system to AutoCAD.So,it achieves the extraction of raw data in AutoCAD for the three-dimensional geological modeling system services.At the same time,it carries out the model data dealt by the three-dimensional geological modeling system to output in AutoCAD.
For the implement of the front-end input interface and the back-end output interface, main research work in this paper expressed in the following areas:
Aimed at the need of geological data in the three-dimensional geological modeling system, the paper introduces direct and indirect methods to extract the data from AutoCAD graphics, and gives the basic ideas and processes of direct extraction method, used ObjectARX managed wrapper classes.It also gives the relevant methods of indirect extraction method. It is a fast and effective way to get geological data.
For three-dimensional geological model graphics output problem, the paper studies on the implement of 2D map output in AutoCAD.Effective methods to fill the region with texture automatically and to carry out the back-end output interface from three-dimensional geological modeling system to AutoCAD are studied.These methods are using the data deduced by three-dimensional geological modeling system. Thus, effective using AutoCAD powerful image-editing and texture attributes hatch functions, it achieves intuitive geological information indication of 2D map in AutoCAD, and it is in accord with the habit need of geological experts.
引文
[1]唐泽圣、周嘉玉、李新友.计算机图形学基础[M].清华大学出版社,1995
[2]王卫东、蒋红斐.道路与铁道工程计算机辅助设计[M].机械工业出版社,2004
[3]曾洪飞、张帆、卢择临.AutoCAD VBA&VB.NET开发——基础与实例教程[M].中国电力出版社,2008
[4]毛国君、段立娟、王实、石云.数据挖掘原理与算法[M].清华大学出版社,2005
[5]李世国.AutoCAD高级开发技术:ARX编程及应用[M].机械工业出版社,1999
[6]葛丽玮.AutoCAD二次开发技术在堤防设计中的应用[D].哈尔滨理工大学,2007
[7]李玉强..NET平台下AutoCAD下拉式菜单二次开发[J].科技咨询导报,2007,NO.27:124
[8]李玉强.基于ObjectARX.net的AutoCAD二次开发及应用[J].山西建筑.2007,33(12):361-362
[9]袁玉玲.CAD技术的应用环境与开发工具[J].山西建筑.2004,30(23):47-48.
[10]蒋红斐、詹振炎.顾及地形的铁路线路模型建立方法[J].2002,14(08):1-4
[11]王国强.道路、机场CAD系统三维工程设计模型研究[D].上海:同济大学,1994
[12]王永明,林行刚.一种快速DEM生成算法[J].计算机应用与软件,1998,15(4):28-33
[13]蒋红斐.基于复杂地形上三角网数字地面模型的建立[J].计算机应用与软件,1998,15(4):62-6
[14]TongBingShu。 The development of CAD technology[J].Journal of Eingineering Graphics,1993(3)
[15]John E.Wilson著.马树奇、金燕译.AutoCAD三维建模从入门到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2000
[16]苗小平,张冬明,付长晶,余志伟.基于AutoCAD 15的三维地质曲面绘制方法[J].物探与化探,2001.2,25(1):66-69
[17]朱大培,牛文杰,杨钦,熊璋,陈其明.地质构造的三维可视化[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2001.8,27(4):448-451
[18]沈大勇,毛善君,李睿,马霭乃.地质体三维模型实验研究[J].计算机工程,2001.3,27(3):49-50
[19]王福建,吴国雄,孙勇.三维实体模型在公路设计中的应用研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学报),2002.1,36(1):7-11
[20]Foley J,Dam A V,Feiner S,Hughes J,Philips R..Computer Graphics;Principles and Practice.2rd Edition[M].Addison-Wesley,1990
[21]Charles McAuley.Programming AutoCAD 2000 Using Object ARX[M].China Machine Press,2000.4
[22]张晋西.Visual Basic.NET二次开发范例精解[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[23]方建军.AutoCAD对话框可视化设计技术[M].机械设计与制造,2000(1)
[24]尉朝闻.面向对象的图形库的数据修改tM].西安工业学院学报,2000(2)
[25]Mark J.Clayton,Robert B.Warden,Thomas W.Parker.Virtual construction of architecture using 3D CAD and simulation.Automation in Construction 2002(11):227-235.
[26]余承飞,王冬松.快译通AutoCAD数据库应用与连接技术[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000.6
[27]林邦杰.深入浅出C#程序设计[M].中国铁道出版社,2005
[28]吕伟臣、霍言、吕宝臣.Visual C#2005入门与提高[M].清华大学出版社,2006
[29]胡小红.CAD的三维实体造型设计.安徽工学院学报,1996,2(4):25-28
[30]陈伯雄.三维设计是CAD技术的应用的必然趋势.计算机辅助设计与制造,2000,8(6):11-13
[31]徐光明.基于AutoCAD的曲面建模技术[J].装备制造技术,2004(2):37-38
[32]T saiV J D.Delaunay T riangulat ions in TIN Creation:an Overview and Linear-t ime Algorithm Int.[J].Of GIS,1993,7(6):501～524
[33]宋占峰.离散点三角网数模的生成管理及三角网绘制等高线的研究[D].长沙:长沙铁道学院,1998.
[34]杨腾锋,王国辉等.地形结构线的自动提取[J].地理信息系统与电子技术的进展,湖南地图出版社,1999.
[35]朱英浩,张祖勋,张剑清.顾及地形的城市三维可视化方法研究[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,1998,23(3):199-203.
[36]刘贤喜.AutoCAD图块实体几何信息的提取[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,99(6):57-58
[37]Shephard M S,Grice K R,Lo J A,Schroeder W J.Trends in automatic three dimensional mesh generation.Computer&Structures,1980,30(12):421-429
[38]http://www.cadhelp.com.cn/
[39]http://www.objectarx.net/
[2]王卫东、蒋红斐.道路与铁道工程计算机辅助设计[M].机械工业出版社,2004
[3]曾洪飞、张帆、卢择临.AutoCAD VBA&VB.NET开发——基础与实例教程[M].中国电力出版社,2008
[4]毛国君、段立娟、王实、石云.数据挖掘原理与算法[M].清华大学出版社,2005
[5]李世国.AutoCAD高级开发技术:ARX编程及应用[M].机械工业出版社,1999
[6]葛丽玮.AutoCAD二次开发技术在堤防设计中的应用[D].哈尔滨理工大学,2007
[7]李玉强..NET平台下AutoCAD下拉式菜单二次开发[J].科技咨询导报,2007,NO.27:124
[8]李玉强.基于ObjectARX.net的AutoCAD二次开发及应用[J].山西建筑.2007,33(12):361-362
[9]袁玉玲.CAD技术的应用环境与开发工具[J].山西建筑.2004,30(23):47-48.
[10]蒋红斐、詹振炎.顾及地形的铁路线路模型建立方法[J].2002,14(08):1-4
[11]王国强.道路、机场CAD系统三维工程设计模型研究[D].上海:同济大学,1994
[12]王永明,林行刚.一种快速DEM生成算法[J].计算机应用与软件,1998,15(4):28-33
[13]蒋红斐.基于复杂地形上三角网数字地面模型的建立[J].计算机应用与软件,1998,15(4):62-6
[14]TongBingShu。 The development of CAD technology[J].Journal of Eingineering Graphics,1993(3)
[15]John E.Wilson著.马树奇、金燕译.AutoCAD三维建模从入门到精通[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2000
[16]苗小平,张冬明,付长晶,余志伟.基于AutoCAD 15的三维地质曲面绘制方法[J].物探与化探,2001.2,25(1):66-69
[17]朱大培,牛文杰,杨钦,熊璋,陈其明.地质构造的三维可视化[J].北京航空航天大学学报,2001.8,27(4):448-451
[18]沈大勇,毛善君,李睿,马霭乃.地质体三维模型实验研究[J].计算机工程,2001.3,27(3):49-50
[19]王福建,吴国雄,孙勇.三维实体模型在公路设计中的应用研究[J].浙江大学学报(工学报),2002.1,36(1):7-11
[20]Foley J,Dam A V,Feiner S,Hughes J,Philips R..Computer Graphics;Principles and Practice.2rd Edition[M].Addison-Wesley,1990
[21]Charles McAuley.Programming AutoCAD 2000 Using Object ARX[M].China Machine Press,2000.4
[22]张晋西.Visual Basic.NET二次开发范例精解[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[23]方建军.AutoCAD对话框可视化设计技术[M].机械设计与制造,2000(1)
[24]尉朝闻.面向对象的图形库的数据修改tM].西安工业学院学报,2000(2)
[25]Mark J.Clayton,Robert B.Warden,Thomas W.Parker.Virtual construction of architecture using 3D CAD and simulation.Automation in Construction 2002(11):227-235.
[26]余承飞,王冬松.快译通AutoCAD数据库应用与连接技术[M].北京:北京大学出版社,2000.6
[27]林邦杰.深入浅出C#程序设计[M].中国铁道出版社,2005
[28]吕伟臣、霍言、吕宝臣.Visual C#2005入门与提高[M].清华大学出版社,2006
[29]胡小红.CAD的三维实体造型设计.安徽工学院学报,1996,2(4):25-28
[30]陈伯雄.三维设计是CAD技术的应用的必然趋势.计算机辅助设计与制造,2000,8(6):11-13
[31]徐光明.基于AutoCAD的曲面建模技术[J].装备制造技术,2004(2):37-38
[32]T saiV J D.Delaunay T riangulat ions in TIN Creation:an Overview and Linear-t ime Algorithm Int.[J].Of GIS,1993,7(6):501～524
[33]宋占峰.离散点三角网数模的生成管理及三角网绘制等高线的研究[D].长沙:长沙铁道学院,1998.
[34]杨腾锋,王国辉等.地形结构线的自动提取[J].地理信息系统与电子技术的进展,湖南地图出版社,1999.
[35]朱英浩,张祖勋,张剑清.顾及地形的城市三维可视化方法研究[J].武汉测绘科技大学学报,1998,23(3):199-203.
[36]刘贤喜.AutoCAD图块实体几何信息的提取[J].计算机辅助设计与制造,99(6):57-58
[37]Shephard M S,Grice K R,Lo J A,Schroeder W J.Trends in automatic three dimensional mesh generation.Computer&Structures,1980,30(12):421-429
[38]http://www.cadhelp.com.cn/
[39]http://www.objectarx.net/