基于虚拟仪器的醇类重整制氢微反应器测控技术研究
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摘要
本论文研究工作依托国家自然科学基金重点项目“面向醇类制氢的多尺度微通道反应器设计与制造基础研究”(资助号：50930005),针对微凸台阵列型微通道反应器,研究了基于虚拟仪器的醇类重整制氢微反应器测控技术。论文对微凸台阵列型醇类重整制氢微反应器的温度场和微反应器温度控制算法,以及微凸台阵列型微反应器的流量控制方法进行了研究,并设计了基于虚拟仪器的醇类重整制氢微反应器测控系统,开发了基于LabVIEW的测控软件,同时对微反应器测控系统的温度、流量等参数控制性能以及不同控制条件下的醇类重整制氢原料转化率、生成气体组分等反应效率问题进行了研究。
第一章,阐述了论文研究的背景与意义,对重整制氢微反应器及其测控技术的国内外研究现状、虚拟仪器技术的发展现状和虚拟仪器技术在微反应器测控系统中的应用做了详细的介绍,并提出了论文的主要研究内容与框架。
第二章,对微凸台阵列型醇类重整制氢微反应器的温度场进行了分析与优化。根据微凸台阵列的特性计算了对应的对流换热系数,采用了瞬态热分析对微凸台阵列型微反应器的温度场分布情况进行了研究,并以反应载体上表面的温度差和温度标准差最小为优化目标,优化了加热棒的布置,确定了合理的热电偶测温点。
第三章,针对醇类重整制氢微反应器温度系统的特点和要求,提出了微反应器温度模糊自整定PID控制算法。建立了微反应器温度系统特性的理论模型,并采用实验辨识法完成了模型参数的辨识,得到了温度系统的传递函数。按照PID控制参数的整定原则,设计了模糊控制器,确定了模糊控制器输入、输出的模糊化和去模糊化方法,并在Simulink中仿真分析了模糊自整定PID温度控制的效果。
第四章,按照醇类重整制氢反应的流程提出了测控系统的总体方案,确定了基于虚拟仪器的重整制氢反应温度、流量控制方法。选择、配置了传感器型号、数据采集卡连接方式和执行机构等微反应器测控系统硬件。在LabVIEW中以事件驱动队列状态机的设计模式,编写了温度模糊自整定PID控制程序、质量流量控制器控制程序和注射泵控制程序,完成了具有用户交互功能的醇类重整制氢微反应器图形化测控系统软件开发。
第五章,实验研究分析了微反应器温度模糊自整定PID控制系统在催化剂还原阶段和重整制氢反应阶段的控制性能以及还原气体的流量控制性能。同时研究了在不同的反应控制条件下,醇类重整制氢反应的原料转化率、生成气体成分等反应效率问题。
第六章,对本论文的研究内容进行了总结,并展望了未来的研究工作。
Supported by the key project named "Fundamental research on design and manufacture of multi-scale micro-channel reactor for hydrogen production from alcohols" from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.59030005), aiming at the micro-channel reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays, the measurement and control technology about micro-reactor for hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols based on virtual instrument was studied in this thesis. Temperature distributions of the micro-channel reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays, temperature control algorithm and flow control method for the micro-reactor were studied. Then a measurement and control system for the micro-reactor was designed based on virtual instrument and its test software was also developed in LabVIEW. Finally the performances on temperature and flow control of the micro-reactor and reaction efficiency such as conversion percent of alcohols and composition percent of reactant gas under various controlled conditions were studied.
In Chapter 1, the background and significance of this research, the current research situation about micro-reactor for hydrogen production from steam reforming and measurement and control technology, the development of virtual instrument and its applications in measurement and control system on micro-reactor were introduced, and then the research contents of this thesis were proposed.
In Chapter 2, analysis and optimization for the temperature distribution of the micro-reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays for hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols were carried out. Convection coefficient on the surface of micro-pin-fin arrays was calculated and transient heat analysis was carried out to get the temperature distribution of micro-reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays. Aiming at the minimum of difference and standard deviation of temperatures on surface of the reactor support, optimization for position layout of the cartridge heater was achieved and the positions for thermocouples were determined.
In Chapter 3, fuzzy auto-tuning on parameters of PID algorithm was adapted to control the temperature of the micro-reactor. The theoretical model of the temperature characteristic of the micro-reactor was established and the model parameters were determined through the experiment identification. According to the tuning principle of PID control of temperature, a fuzzy controller was designed as well as the input parameter's fuzzification and the output parameter's defuzzification, then this temperature control system was verified in Simulink.
In Chapter 4, a general measurement and control scheme including control methods of temperature and flow of the micro-reactor based on virtual instrument was proposed. Hardware of the measurement and control system such as type of sensors, connection type of data acquisition card (DAQ) and actuators was selected and configured. Control programs of the temperature using fuzzy auto-tuning PID algorithm, mass flow controller and syringe pump were programmed in LabVIEW using the design pattern of queue-state-machine driven by event, and a graphical measurement and control software with user interaction was developed.
In Chapter 5, the experimental setup for hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols was built up. Performances on temperature control using fuzzy auto-tuning PID algorithm during catalyst deoxidation and steam reforming and flow control of reducing gas were studied, as well as the reaction efficiency of hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols, such as the conversion percent of alcohols and the composition percent of reactant gas under various controlled conditions.
In Chapter 6, the chief work of this thesis was summarized, and research objects were proposed in future.
第一章,阐述了论文研究的背景与意义,对重整制氢微反应器及其测控技术的国内外研究现状、虚拟仪器技术的发展现状和虚拟仪器技术在微反应器测控系统中的应用做了详细的介绍,并提出了论文的主要研究内容与框架。
第二章,对微凸台阵列型醇类重整制氢微反应器的温度场进行了分析与优化。根据微凸台阵列的特性计算了对应的对流换热系数,采用了瞬态热分析对微凸台阵列型微反应器的温度场分布情况进行了研究,并以反应载体上表面的温度差和温度标准差最小为优化目标,优化了加热棒的布置,确定了合理的热电偶测温点。
第三章,针对醇类重整制氢微反应器温度系统的特点和要求,提出了微反应器温度模糊自整定PID控制算法。建立了微反应器温度系统特性的理论模型,并采用实验辨识法完成了模型参数的辨识,得到了温度系统的传递函数。按照PID控制参数的整定原则,设计了模糊控制器,确定了模糊控制器输入、输出的模糊化和去模糊化方法,并在Simulink中仿真分析了模糊自整定PID温度控制的效果。
第四章,按照醇类重整制氢反应的流程提出了测控系统的总体方案,确定了基于虚拟仪器的重整制氢反应温度、流量控制方法。选择、配置了传感器型号、数据采集卡连接方式和执行机构等微反应器测控系统硬件。在LabVIEW中以事件驱动队列状态机的设计模式,编写了温度模糊自整定PID控制程序、质量流量控制器控制程序和注射泵控制程序,完成了具有用户交互功能的醇类重整制氢微反应器图形化测控系统软件开发。
第五章,实验研究分析了微反应器温度模糊自整定PID控制系统在催化剂还原阶段和重整制氢反应阶段的控制性能以及还原气体的流量控制性能。同时研究了在不同的反应控制条件下,醇类重整制氢反应的原料转化率、生成气体成分等反应效率问题。
第六章,对本论文的研究内容进行了总结,并展望了未来的研究工作。
Supported by the key project named "Fundamental research on design and manufacture of multi-scale micro-channel reactor for hydrogen production from alcohols" from National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.59030005), aiming at the micro-channel reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays, the measurement and control technology about micro-reactor for hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols based on virtual instrument was studied in this thesis. Temperature distributions of the micro-channel reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays, temperature control algorithm and flow control method for the micro-reactor were studied. Then a measurement and control system for the micro-reactor was designed based on virtual instrument and its test software was also developed in LabVIEW. Finally the performances on temperature and flow control of the micro-reactor and reaction efficiency such as conversion percent of alcohols and composition percent of reactant gas under various controlled conditions were studied.
In Chapter 1, the background and significance of this research, the current research situation about micro-reactor for hydrogen production from steam reforming and measurement and control technology, the development of virtual instrument and its applications in measurement and control system on micro-reactor were introduced, and then the research contents of this thesis were proposed.
In Chapter 2, analysis and optimization for the temperature distribution of the micro-reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays for hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols were carried out. Convection coefficient on the surface of micro-pin-fin arrays was calculated and transient heat analysis was carried out to get the temperature distribution of micro-reactor with micro-pin-fin arrays. Aiming at the minimum of difference and standard deviation of temperatures on surface of the reactor support, optimization for position layout of the cartridge heater was achieved and the positions for thermocouples were determined.
In Chapter 3, fuzzy auto-tuning on parameters of PID algorithm was adapted to control the temperature of the micro-reactor. The theoretical model of the temperature characteristic of the micro-reactor was established and the model parameters were determined through the experiment identification. According to the tuning principle of PID control of temperature, a fuzzy controller was designed as well as the input parameter's fuzzification and the output parameter's defuzzification, then this temperature control system was verified in Simulink.
In Chapter 4, a general measurement and control scheme including control methods of temperature and flow of the micro-reactor based on virtual instrument was proposed. Hardware of the measurement and control system such as type of sensors, connection type of data acquisition card (DAQ) and actuators was selected and configured. Control programs of the temperature using fuzzy auto-tuning PID algorithm, mass flow controller and syringe pump were programmed in LabVIEW using the design pattern of queue-state-machine driven by event, and a graphical measurement and control software with user interaction was developed.
In Chapter 5, the experimental setup for hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols was built up. Performances on temperature control using fuzzy auto-tuning PID algorithm during catalyst deoxidation and steam reforming and flow control of reducing gas were studied, as well as the reaction efficiency of hydrogen production from steam reforming of alcohols, such as the conversion percent of alcohols and the composition percent of reactant gas under various controlled conditions.
In Chapter 6, the chief work of this thesis was summarized, and research objects were proposed in future.
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