摘要
图像信号的采集和处理在科学研究及工农业生产和公共安全等领域得到了越来越广泛的应用。在细胞生物学研究领域,图像采集也是其中一个非常重要的关键环节,图像采集的速度和采集质量直接影响到后期信息的识别和处理。本文选题于数字共焦显微系统项目中的序列光学切片图像采集课题,目的是配合步进移动的显微镜载物台,对生物组织和细胞进行连续的图像采集。
论文对目前常见的图像采集方案做了实现方法、应用成本及性能等各方面对比,针对本系统设计要求最终选择以USB2.0接口作为数据传输通道,以CYPRESS公司的CY7C68013A芯片作为USB传输控制芯片,以飞利浦公司的SAA7113H芯片作为图像解码芯片来实现图像采集。设计方案针对具体应用要求,舍弃了昂贵的DSP和外部FIF0芯片,利用CY7C68013A的Slave FIFO模式实现与解码芯片的接口,使用USB批量传输方式传输图象数据,充分发挥了PC机的处理能力,最大限度的控制了系统成本,可以实现无损失图像的批量采集功能。设计并实现了图像采集模块。
论文介绍了USB2.0的传输协议、工作原理以及各种传输方式的特点和部分实现细节,详细介绍了ITU-R BT.656接口标准的具体内容。在深入了解CY7C68013A芯片特点、工作模式和SAA7113H的数字视频输出格式的基础上,了采集模块电路原理图、PCB等,并详细介绍了固件程序、固件下载驱动和PC机程序的主要实现方法。
采集模块完成了软硬件设计与调试,硬件设备和软件系统能够协同正常工作,实现了预定的采集性能要求。
Image signal acquisition and processing have been increasingly widely used in the fields including scientific research, industrial and agricultural production, public safety, etc. Image acquisition is also one very important key link in the research of cell biology. The speed and quality of image acquisition directly affect the identification and processing of post-acquisitioned information. This topic is selected from image acquisition projects of microscope optical sectioning, which aims to cooperate with step-moving microscope stage so as to make image acquisition for biological tissue and cell at continuous and regular interval.
Current common image acquisition programs are compared in this paper in areas such as implementation methods, application cost and performance. For the requirements of this system design, USB2.0 interface is finally selected as the data transmission channel, CY7C68013A chip from CYPRESS company as the USB transfer control chip, and SAA7113H chip from Philips as the image decoding chip, so as to achieve image acquisition finally. Abandoning the expensive DSP and external FIFO chip, the design applies the Slave FIFO mode of CY7C68013A to achieving the interface with the decoder chip and with the use of USB bulk transferring image data, the processing power of PC is fully utilized, so as to maximize the control of the system cost and fully meet the system requirements. The image cpturing module is designed and implemented.
This paper introduces USB2.0 transferring protocol, the working principle and characteristics of various transmission methods and some implementation details, and it also includes details of the ITU-R BT.656 interface standard. Basing on in-depth understanding of the characteristics and work patterns of CY7C68013A chip and SAA7113H digital video output format, the design provides collecting system schematic, PCB, etc., and introduces in detail the major implementations for firmware program, firmware download drivers and PC program.
Final debugging of hardware and software systems for the design is completed. It is proved that both hardware and software systems can work collaboratively
引文
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