十字板—焊接空心球应力集中系数的分析
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摘要
焊接空心球节点是我国采用最早也是目前应用较广的一种节点,具有构造简单,传力明确,连接方便等优点。尽管目前对这类节点已有较多的研究,但对于空心焊接球节点的认识还是不够深入和全面的。特别随着实际工程运用的不断发展,这种局限性也逐渐显露出来。本文总结了网架焊接空心球节点疲劳破坏机理和各种影响疲劳破坏的因素,探讨了改善焊接空心球疲劳强度的方法。
应力集中是焊接空心球节点发生疲劳断裂最主要的原因。本文以ANSYS有限元软件为研究手段,针对网架焊接空心球节点,采用理想弹塑性应力一应变关系和Von一Mises屈服准则、建立了空心球壁厚与直径、十字板的板厚、十字板与焊接空心球的连接长度这四个几何参数不同变化下的有限元分析模型,得出其节点的应力分布,找到热点位置,并定量求得相应的应力集中系数K_t,并对所得应力集中系数K_t数据进行整理,得出相应的应力集中系数曲线;论述了在十字板上开剖口与不开剖口的焊接空心球节点对于应力集中的影响,并进一步定量分析了在不同焊脚高度下,应力集中系数K_t的变化情况。本文应用数值模拟方法计算分析了十字板与焊接空心球节点的应力分布,克服了试验测量方法费时费力、受许多条件限制等缺点,反过来还能验证试验测试的结果。因此本文的研究成果对科学研究和工程实际都具有一定的参考价值。
Welded hollow spherical joints are the earliest used kind of joints in our country , and are widely used for their simple structure , definiteness of load transferring and convenient connection. Although these joints have been extensively investigated , However ,the knowledge about the welded hollow spherical joints is generally shallow and non-overall. With the development of the utilization of the practical engineering, such limitations are graduallycoming out.
The most important reason for fatigue fracture of welded hollow sphericaljoints is stress concentration . For the research means for welded hollow spherical joints , this paper Based on ANSYS FEA software and the elastic perfectly plastic model and the Von-Mises yielding criterion, Finite element analysis model are established for the welded hollow spherical joints under different change of the four geometric parameters of hollow spherical wall thick and diameter and connection length of cross plate with welded spherical, Stress distribution of the joints are obtained ,and found the hot spot position ,and quantitative obtained corresponding concentration coefficient K_(?). Effect ofstress centralized for the welded spherical joints have discussed upper open Cesarean port and not open Cesarean port on the cross plate. The paper has made the further the change of stress coefficient under the different fillet height and done the quantitative analysis. The stress distribution on welded empty sphere joint with cross plate is calculated in this paper through the FEM, which overcome the shortages of the test methods, and can testify the measuring results of the test methods, and can testify the measuring results of the test methods as well. So it has certain reference value to science research or engineering application.
应力集中是焊接空心球节点发生疲劳断裂最主要的原因。本文以ANSYS有限元软件为研究手段,针对网架焊接空心球节点,采用理想弹塑性应力一应变关系和Von一Mises屈服准则、建立了空心球壁厚与直径、十字板的板厚、十字板与焊接空心球的连接长度这四个几何参数不同变化下的有限元分析模型,得出其节点的应力分布,找到热点位置,并定量求得相应的应力集中系数K_t,并对所得应力集中系数K_t数据进行整理,得出相应的应力集中系数曲线;论述了在十字板上开剖口与不开剖口的焊接空心球节点对于应力集中的影响,并进一步定量分析了在不同焊脚高度下,应力集中系数K_t的变化情况。本文应用数值模拟方法计算分析了十字板与焊接空心球节点的应力分布,克服了试验测量方法费时费力、受许多条件限制等缺点,反过来还能验证试验测试的结果。因此本文的研究成果对科学研究和工程实际都具有一定的参考价值。
Welded hollow spherical joints are the earliest used kind of joints in our country , and are widely used for their simple structure , definiteness of load transferring and convenient connection. Although these joints have been extensively investigated , However ,the knowledge about the welded hollow spherical joints is generally shallow and non-overall. With the development of the utilization of the practical engineering, such limitations are graduallycoming out.
The most important reason for fatigue fracture of welded hollow sphericaljoints is stress concentration . For the research means for welded hollow spherical joints , this paper Based on ANSYS FEA software and the elastic perfectly plastic model and the Von-Mises yielding criterion, Finite element analysis model are established for the welded hollow spherical joints under different change of the four geometric parameters of hollow spherical wall thick and diameter and connection length of cross plate with welded spherical, Stress distribution of the joints are obtained ,and found the hot spot position ,and quantitative obtained corresponding concentration coefficient K_(?). Effect ofstress centralized for the welded spherical joints have discussed upper open Cesarean port and not open Cesarean port on the cross plate. The paper has made the further the change of stress coefficient under the different fillet height and done the quantitative analysis. The stress distribution on welded empty sphere joint with cross plate is calculated in this paper through the FEM, which overcome the shortages of the test methods, and can testify the measuring results of the test methods, and can testify the measuring results of the test methods as well. So it has certain reference value to science research or engineering application.
引文
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[46]雷宏刚,螺栓球节点网架常幅疲劳试验数据再分析,钢结构工程研究,2000,10
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[49]林良贵摘译,用打磨得方法提高焊接接头的疲劳强度,英刊金属结构,1986,No, 7,61-62
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[51]王文先,霍立新,张玉凤,王东坡,利用低相变点焊条改善焊接接头疲劳强度,焊接学报,2001.Vol.22,No.5,37-40
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[2]邹浩,北京钢铁设计研究总院,空间网架结构在冶金工业建筑中的应用评述,地震出版社,第六届空间结构学术会议论文集
[3]雷宏刚,网架焊接空心球节点的研究现状及动向,第六届空间结构学术会议论文集
[4]沈祖炎,陈扬骥,网架与网壳,同济大学出版社
[5]沈祖炎,直接焊接结构节点极限承载力计算,钢结构,1991,No4
[6]梁醒培,董汉丽,管节点有限元应力分析,海洋石油平台T型管节点疲劳强度研究技术文件,OTR-05-01,1986
[7]钢结构设计规范(GB50017-2003),北京,中国计划出版社
[8]陈扬骥,关于空心球角焊缝的计算,第三届空间结构学术交流会论文集,1986
[9]徐灏,疲劳强度,高等教育出版社,1988,8,1-2
[10]陈传尧,高大兴,疲劳断裂基础,华中理工大学出版社,1991.7,1-2
[11]网架结构设计与施工规程(JGJ7-91),北京,中国计划出版社
[12]网壳结构技术规程(JGJ61-2003),北京,中国计划出版社
[13]陈传尧,高大兴,疲劳断裂基础,华中理工大学出版社,199l,7,1-2
[14]曾春华,邹十践,疲劳分析方法及应用,国防工业出版社,1991.2,2-3
[15]戚国胜,脆断事故的原因分析和预防措施,南方冶金学院学报,Vol.23,No.1Jan,2002,28-31
[16]Almen J.O,Residual stresses and fatigue in metals,Mc Graw-Hill Book Co,1963,70-73
[17]Miner M.A,Cumulative Damage in Fatigue,J.of Appl.Mech,1945,159-164
[18]程育仁,缪龙秀,候炳麟,疲劳强度,中国铁道出版社,1990.11,7-8
[19]高镇同,熊峻江,疲劳/断裂可靠性研究现状与展望,机械强度,Vol.17,No.3,september 1995,61-63
[20]Fatigue life,Int J- Fatigue,1993,12,1088-1098
[21]潘际炎,焊接结构疲劳--国内外疲劳试验研究现状,中国学术会议论文集79-86
[22]K.Anami,C.Miki,Fatigue strength of welded joints made of high-strength steels,structural Engineering and Materials,2001 Volume 3,86-94
[23]Donald W.White,Andrea E.Surovek,Bulent N.Alemdar,etc.,Stability Analysis and Design of Steel Building Frames Using the 2005 AISC specification,steel structures,June.2006,71-91
[24]Miki,C.Takenouchi,H.Mori,T.& Ohkawa,Repair of Fatigue Damage in Cross Bracing Connections in steel Girder Bridge,Structural Eng / Earthquake Eng,1989,JSCE 6(1):319-395.
[25]Tateishi,K.Natori,T.& Miki,Fatigue Damage of Shoes in Plate Girder Bridges and Improvement of Their Details,Structural Eng/Earthquake Eng,1994,JSCE,27:117-176
[26]Ting Tason C,Lawrence Frederick V Jr,A crack closure model for predictingthe threshold stresses of notch.Fatigue Fract Engng Mater Struct.1993,16(1),93-114
[27]S.J.Maddox,An analysis of fatigue cracks in fillet welded joint,International Journal of fracture,Vol.11,No.2,Apr.1975,221-243
[28]Mantred A Hirt,Fatigue consideration for the design of railroad bridges by,Bridge Engineering,Volume 1,Proceedings of a conference conducted by the Transportation Research Board,September 25-27,1978,P86-92
[29]R.J.Connor,J.W.Fisher,Identifying Effective and Ineffective Retrofits for Distortion Fatigue Cracking in Steel Bridges using Field Instrumentation,Volume 11,Issue 6,November/December 2006,745-752
[30]Fisher.J.W,Evolution of Fatigue-Resistant steel bridges,Transportation Research record,Transportation Research Board of the National Academies,0361-1981,Issue volume 1594/1997,5-17
[31]Roman Wolchuk,Ronald M.Mayrbaurl,Stress cycle for fatigue design of railroad bridges,Journal of the structural Division,Vol.102,No.1,January 1976,203-213
[32]Richard Roberts,Fracture control in welded steel bridges,Annals for the New York Academy of Sciences,Vol.352,Issue.1,December.1980.219-228
[33]铁路钢桥的疲劳问题,铁路部科学研究所
[34]马庆如,曾绍圣,关于目前国外焊接钢结构的疲劳设计方向及动向,太原工学院
[35]霍立兴,王东坡,王文先,提高焊接接头疲劳性能的研究进展和最新技术,焊接快讯,88期,2004年第12期,23-36
[36]雷宏刚,网架焊接空心球节点静力及疲劳性能研究,建筑结构学报,1993年2月第14卷第1期,2-7
[37]徐国彬,赵杰,李沐钢,焊接球节点网架整体疲劳破坏断口分析,空间结构,1999年第5卷第3期,56-59
[38]J.A.格兰汉,J.F.米兰,F.J.爱普尔,美国汽车工程师学会钢铁技术委员会第四组疲劳设计分委员会,零件疲劳设计手册,人民交通出版社
[39]郦明,奥脱·布克斯鲍姆,哈茨·罗华克,结构抗疲劳设计,机械工业出版社,1987,9
[40]金属疲劳断裂理论,才庆魁编著,东北工学院出版社
[41]林吉忠等,金属的缺陷、载荷与疲劳,中国铁道出版社,1993
[42]J.A.格兰汉,J.F.米兰,F.J.爱普尔,美国汽车工程师学会钢铁技术委员会第四组疲劳设计分委员会,零件疲劳设计手册,人民交通出版社
[43]唐继舜,钱冬生,关于钢结构疲劳问题当代水平的简述,桥梁建设,1997年第2期,11-14
[44]佐藤邦彦,向井喜彦,登田政男,焊接接头的强度与设计,张伟昌等译,机械工业出版社,1983
[45]张文博,徐开国,张汝春,焊接接头疲劳强度的研究及其技术工艺的改进,煤矿机械,2005年第3期,70-72
[46]雷宏刚,螺栓球节点网架常幅疲劳试验数据再分析,钢结构工程研究,2000,10
[47]Maddox S.J,Fatigue Strength of Welded Structures(second edition),Cambridge,UK,Abington Publishing,1991,203-234
[48]郦明,奥脱·布克斯鲍姆,哈茨·罗华克,结构抗疲劳设计,机械工业出版社,1987,9,203-289
[49]林良贵摘译,用打磨得方法提高焊接接头的疲劳强度,英刊金属结构,1986,No, 7,61-62
[50]A.Ohta,K.Matsuoka,N.T.Nguyen,etc.Strength Improvement of Lap Joints of Thin steel Plate for Automobile Use by Low Transformation,Temperature WeldingWire(R),ⅡW Doc,ⅩⅢ-1869-2001,1-11
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