装药结构对爆炸效能影响的理论研究与数值模拟
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摘要
本文分析了影响岩石爆破破碎的各种因素,建立了不同装药结构的爆炸载荷力学模型,通过大型通用有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D对单孔不同耦合介质装药进行了数值模拟,理论分析和数值模拟结果均表明在岩石性质和炸药类型相同的情况下,不耦合介质和不耦合系数是影响爆炸效能的主要因素；水不耦合介质较空气不耦合介质的储能作用强,水不耦合装药的爆炸作用时间也长于空气不耦合装药,因此,水不耦合装药的爆炸能量利用率要高于空气不耦合装药,随着不耦合系数的增大,炮孔孔壁压力逐渐降低,空气不耦合装药时不耦合系数改变对岩体内爆炸应力场峰值的影响比水不耦合装药时要明显。
在理论分析结合数值模拟的基础上,根据工程的具体要求,我们选取了水不耦合装药结构在立井开挖中进行了应用,工程实践表明,采用水不耦合装药结构可以克服工作面有积水的难题,达到提高爆破效率、改善破碎效果、降低震动、减少飞石,实现质量安全双控制。
本论文的研究为工程爆破实践中装药结构的合理优化与爆炸能量的有效利’用和控制提供了一定的理论依据。
图34表8参77
This paper analyzes various factors that impact broken rock blasting, establishes explosion load mechanics model in different charging structure. Through large general finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D to numerical simulation single-drillhole in different coupling medium. The theory analysis and numerical simulation results indicate that the nature and the types of explosive in rock under the same, not coupling medium and not the coupling coefficient is the main factors of influence explosion effectiveness. Water not coupled medium is stronger for energy storage medium than air not coupled medium, water decouple medicine explosion effect time is also longer than air decouple medicine, therefore, the water decouple medicine explosion energy utilization ratio is higher than air decouple medicine. Along with the increase of the decouple coefficient, hole wall pressure decreases gradually, air decouple medicine decouple coefficient is more obvious to change on rock mass effect of exploded in the peak stress field than water decouple remedies.
On the basis of theory analysis with numerical simulation, according to the specific requirements of the project, we chose the water decouple medicine charging structure in vertical shaft excavation application, engineering practice shows that, with water decouple charge structures can overcome the problem of ponding in working face, to enhance the blasting efficiency, improve crushing effect, reduce vibration, reduce slungshot, realizes double control of quality and safety.
This thesis research outfit medicine for engineering blasting practice rational structure optimization and the effective use of explosion energy and control provides certain theoretical basis.
Figure 34 table 8 references 77
在理论分析结合数值模拟的基础上,根据工程的具体要求,我们选取了水不耦合装药结构在立井开挖中进行了应用,工程实践表明,采用水不耦合装药结构可以克服工作面有积水的难题,达到提高爆破效率、改善破碎效果、降低震动、减少飞石,实现质量安全双控制。
本论文的研究为工程爆破实践中装药结构的合理优化与爆炸能量的有效利’用和控制提供了一定的理论依据。
图34表8参77
This paper analyzes various factors that impact broken rock blasting, establishes explosion load mechanics model in different charging structure. Through large general finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA3D to numerical simulation single-drillhole in different coupling medium. The theory analysis and numerical simulation results indicate that the nature and the types of explosive in rock under the same, not coupling medium and not the coupling coefficient is the main factors of influence explosion effectiveness. Water not coupled medium is stronger for energy storage medium than air not coupled medium, water decouple medicine explosion effect time is also longer than air decouple medicine, therefore, the water decouple medicine explosion energy utilization ratio is higher than air decouple medicine. Along with the increase of the decouple coefficient, hole wall pressure decreases gradually, air decouple medicine decouple coefficient is more obvious to change on rock mass effect of exploded in the peak stress field than water decouple remedies.
On the basis of theory analysis with numerical simulation, according to the specific requirements of the project, we chose the water decouple medicine charging structure in vertical shaft excavation application, engineering practice shows that, with water decouple charge structures can overcome the problem of ponding in working face, to enhance the blasting efficiency, improve crushing effect, reduce vibration, reduce slungshot, realizes double control of quality and safety.
This thesis research outfit medicine for engineering blasting practice rational structure optimization and the effective use of explosion energy and control provides certain theoretical basis.
Figure 34 table 8 references 77
引文
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[28]徐颖、孟益平、程玉生.装药不耦合系数对爆破裂纹控制的试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2002(12).
[29]朱红兵,卢文波,吴亮.空气间隔装药爆破机理研究[J].岩土力学.2007,28(5)：986-990.
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