Si（Ge）/SiC/SiO_2多层介质膜红外空芯传能光纤的研究
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摘要
本论文评述了关于中红外传能光纤的国内外进展，从光射线理论和波导理论出发介绍了红外传能光纤的传输机理，从薄膜光学出发分析了多层介质膜传能光纤的膜层选择机理等基础理论，针对碳化硅(SiC)在中红外区的特点，在导师侯蓝田教授领导的科研组已有成果的基础上进行了以下几个方面的研究：
发现了SiC是制备红外传能光纤的良好的红外材料，SiC／SiO_2空芯传能光纤在国际上还没有人进行研究：提出了具有Si／SiC／SiO_2和Ge／SiC／SiO_2膜结构的空芯传能光纤，据我们所知，这种光纤目前在国内外还没有人进行研究，并对其传输性能进行了可行性分析。
利用化学气相沉积法(CVD)初步完成了具有SiC内膜的空芯传能光纤的制备，使用Auastar 360 IR-FT红外光谱仪、KYKY-2800型扫描电镜等先进仪器对样品进行分析研究，所研制的孔径为950微米、长3米的SiC／SiO_2空芯传能光纤，传输损耗约为0.7dB／m，为进一步提高光纤性能打下了良好的基础。
最后，利用改进化学气相沉积法(MCVD)方法，对具有SiC内膜的空芯传能光纤的内层镀膜、拉丝一次性完成进行了探索。
The dissertation gives a comment on the field of energy-transmitting fibers for mid-infrared laser, an introduction to the mechanism of infrared-transmitting fibers in view of radiations and waveguides, and a theoretical analyze of the layer-selecting method for the fibers with multi-layer dielectric films.
In view of the properties of SiC in the region of mid-infrared, the author has done many works about the energy-transmitting fibers with SiC, and summarized as follows:
First, it is found that SiC is a very good material for the fabrication of power-transmitting fibers for mid-infrared laser, especially for CO2 laser that works at 10.6um wavelength, and SiC/SiO2 hollow fibers has not been studied in the world for the first time to our knowledge.
Second, it is pointed out, for the first time to our knowledge, that the hollow fibers with a structure like Si/SiC/SiO2 or Ge/SiC/SiO2 have very good properties for the mid-infrared laser power transmitting, especially for CO2 laser.
Third, the fabrication of hollow fibers with SiC films has been done with chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and the power-transmitting properties of the above samples have been obtained with an Austar 360 FTIR spectrometer and KYKY-2800 SEM. The kind of fiber has a 950um inner diameter and 3m length, and its transmitting loss is about 0.7dB/m which can be suitable for many applications.
Finally, it is realized preliminarily that the fabrication of hollow fibers with SiC films, which concludes the process of fiber-drawing and coating, can be done in an organic whole with modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD).
发现了SiC是制备红外传能光纤的良好的红外材料，SiC／SiO_2空芯传能光纤在国际上还没有人进行研究：提出了具有Si／SiC／SiO_2和Ge／SiC／SiO_2膜结构的空芯传能光纤，据我们所知，这种光纤目前在国内外还没有人进行研究，并对其传输性能进行了可行性分析。
利用化学气相沉积法(CVD)初步完成了具有SiC内膜的空芯传能光纤的制备，使用Auastar 360 IR-FT红外光谱仪、KYKY-2800型扫描电镜等先进仪器对样品进行分析研究，所研制的孔径为950微米、长3米的SiC／SiO_2空芯传能光纤，传输损耗约为0.7dB／m，为进一步提高光纤性能打下了良好的基础。
最后，利用改进化学气相沉积法(MCVD)方法，对具有SiC内膜的空芯传能光纤的内层镀膜、拉丝一次性完成进行了探索。
The dissertation gives a comment on the field of energy-transmitting fibers for mid-infrared laser, an introduction to the mechanism of infrared-transmitting fibers in view of radiations and waveguides, and a theoretical analyze of the layer-selecting method for the fibers with multi-layer dielectric films.
In view of the properties of SiC in the region of mid-infrared, the author has done many works about the energy-transmitting fibers with SiC, and summarized as follows:
First, it is found that SiC is a very good material for the fabrication of power-transmitting fibers for mid-infrared laser, especially for CO2 laser that works at 10.6um wavelength, and SiC/SiO2 hollow fibers has not been studied in the world for the first time to our knowledge.
Second, it is pointed out, for the first time to our knowledge, that the hollow fibers with a structure like Si/SiC/SiO2 or Ge/SiC/SiO2 have very good properties for the mid-infrared laser power transmitting, especially for CO2 laser.
Third, the fabrication of hollow fibers with SiC films has been done with chemical vapor deposition (CVD), and the power-transmitting properties of the above samples have been obtained with an Austar 360 FTIR spectrometer and KYKY-2800 SEM. The kind of fiber has a 950um inner diameter and 3m length, and its transmitting loss is about 0.7dB/m which can be suitable for many applications.
Finally, it is realized preliminarily that the fabrication of hollow fibers with SiC films, which concludes the process of fiber-drawing and coating, can be done in an organic whole with modified chemical vapor deposition (MCVD).
引文
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17 Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi. Hollow Fibers for Delivery of High-Power Lasers. SPIE. 2000,4065:294-300
18 Y. W. Shi, Y. Abe, S. Mori, Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi. Polymer-Coated Hollow Fibers for Medical Infrared Lasers-Fabrication, Transmission and End Sealing. SPIE. 2000,3911:268-275
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23 Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi. Aluminum-Coated Hollow Glass Fibers for Arf-Excimer Laser Light Fabricated by Metallorganic Chemical-Vapor Deposition. Appl. Opt. 1999,38(12) :2458-2462
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31 A. Saar, A. Katzir. Intrinsic Losses in Mixed Silver Halide Fibers. SPIE. 1989,1048:24-31
32 A. R. Hilton. As-Se-Te-Based Glass Fibers. SPIE. 1990,1228:84-96
33 A. Kongo, K. Morosawa, K. Matsumoto, T. Shiota, T. Hashimoto. Transmission of Kilowaat-Class CO2 Laser Light Through Dielectric-Coated Metallic Hollow Waveguides for Material Processing. Appl. Opt. 1992,31:5114-5120
34 T. Limin, S. Yonghang, C. Fangmin, Y. Linhua. Plastic Banding of Sapphire Fibers for Infrared Sensing and Power-Delivery Applications. Appl. Opt. 2000,39(A):494-501
35 D. J. Haan, D. J. Gibii, J. A. Harrington. Recent Advance in the Fabrication of Hollow Glass Waveguides. SPIE. 1998,3262:103-107
36 Y. Mastsuura, K. Matsuura, J. A. Harrington. Power Delivery of Free Electron Laser Light by Hollow Glass Waveguides. Appl. Opt. 1996,35 (27) :5395-5397
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42 G. M. Clarke, D. Chadwick, R. K. Nubling,, J. A. Harrington. Sapphire Fibers for Three Micron Delivery of EnYAG Laser Energy. SPIE. 1995, 2396:60-70
43 A. P. Pryshlak, J. R. Pugan,, J. J. Fitzgibbon. Advancementsin Sapphire Optical Fibers for the Delivery of Er:YAG Laser Energy and IR Sensor Applications. SPIE. 1996,2677:3-42
44 R. K. Nabling, R. L. Kozodoy, J. A. Harrington. Optical Properties of Clad and Unclad Sapphire Fiber. SPIE. 1994,2131:56-61
45 G. N. Merberg, J. A. Harrington. Optical and Mechanical Properties of Single-Crystal Sapphire Optical Fibers. Appl. Opt. 1995,32:3201-3209
46 R. Dahan, J. Dror, N. Crotoru. Characterization of Chemically Formed Silver Iodide Layers for Hollow Infrared Guides. Mater. Res. Ball. 1992, 27:761-766
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48 R. K. Nubling, J. A. Harrington. Hollow-Waveguide Delivery Systems for High-Power Industrial Laser. Appl. Opt. 1996,34(3) :372-380
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2 K. Kincade. Erbium Lasers vie for Spot in Medicine Mainstream. Laser Foscus World. 1996,8:73-82
3 K. Vogler, M. Reindl. Improved Erbium Laser Parameters. Biophotonics International. 1996,12(11) :40-47
4 B. Vedilin. The Erbium Laser's Bright Future in Medicine. Biophotonics International. 1995,718:42-46
5 M. Miyaji. Thickness and Uniformity of Fluorocarbon Polymer Film Dynamically Coated inside Silver Hollow Glass Waveguides. 1997, 3613:2886-2892
6 Y. Shi, Wang You, Y. Abe, Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi, H. Uyama. Fabrication of Cyclic Olefin Polymer COP-Cqated Silver Hollow Glass Waveguides for the Infrared. SPIE. 1998,3262:96-101
7 N. Croitoru, J. Dror, I. Gannot. Character of Hollow Fibers for the Transmission of Infrared Radiation. Appl. Opt. 1990,29(12) :1805-1809
8 F. E. Vermeulen, C. R. James, A. M. Robinson. Hollow Microstructural Waveguides for Propagation of Infrared Radiation. J. Lightwave Tech. 1991,9(9) :1053-1060
9 J. Dai, J. A. Harrington. High-Peak-Power, Pulsed CO2 Laser Light Delivery by Hollow Glass Waveguides. Appl. Opt. 1997,36(21) :5072-5077
10 L. L. Neindre, K. L. Foulgoc, X. H. Zhang, J. Lucas. IR Glass Optical Fibers for CO2 Laser Welding. SPIE. 1997,2977:2-13
11 S. Dekel, A. Inberg, N. Croitoru. Fiber Optic Thermal Imaging-System Based on Hhollow Glass Wave-Guide or Silver-Hailde Fibers as Scanning Elements. Optical Engineering. 2000,39:941-946
12 J. H. Shen, K. M. Joos, J. A. Harrington, D. M. Oday, G. S. Edwards. Hollow Waveguide Delivered Infrared Free Electron Laser for Microsurgical Applications. SPIE. 1998,3262:130-134
13 R. W. Waynant, I. K. Ilev, I. Gannot. Infrared Optical Fibers and Their Applications. SPIE. 1999,3849:2-6
14 S. J. Wilson. Hollow Core Glass Waveguides. SPIE. 1987,799:54-59
15 R. K. Nubling, J. A. Harrington. Optical Properties of Single-Crystal Sapphire Fibers. Appl. Opt. 1997,36:5934-40
16 D. J. Haan, J. A. Harrington. Hollow Waveguides for Gas Sensing and Near-IR Applications. SPIE. 1999,3596:43-49
17 Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi. Hollow Fibers for Delivery of High-Power Lasers. SPIE. 2000,4065:294-300
18 Y. W. Shi, Y. Abe, S. Mori, Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi. Polymer-Coated Hollow Fibers for Medical Infrared Lasers-Fabrication, Transmission and End Sealing. SPIE. 2000,3911:268-275
19 N. Grotoru, A. Inberg, M. Oksman, M. Ben-David. Hollow Silica, Metal and Plastic Waveguides for Hard Tissue Medical Applications. SPIE. 1997,2977:30-35
20 Hou Lantian, Fu Lianfu, Lu Ping, Han Yuhua. Polycrystalline Germanium Dioxide Hollow-Core Fibers and its Performances. Infrared Physics & Technology. 1997,38:193-199
21 I. Aggarwal, G. Lu. Fluoride Glass Optical Fiber. New York: Academic Press. 1991:99-104
22 廖廷彪.光纤光学.北京：清华大学出版社，2000：156-l51
23 Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi. Aluminum-Coated Hollow Glass Fibers for Arf-Excimer Laser Light Fabricated by Metallorganic Chemical-Vapor Deposition. Appl. Opt. 1999,38(12) :2458-2462
24 M. Miyagi, A. Kongo, Y. Aizawa, S. Kawakami. Fabrication of Germanium-Coated Nickel Hollow Waveguides for Infrared Transmission. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1983,43:430-432
25 Y. Matsuura, M. Miyagi. Bending Losses and Beam Profiles of Rinc Selenide-Coated Silver Waveguides for Carbon Dioxide Laser Light. Appl. Opt. 1992,31:441-6445
26 C. C. Gregory, J. A. Harrington. Attenuation, Modal, Polarization Properties of n
5302-5309
27 J. R. Gannon. Materials for Mid-Infrared Waveguides. SPIE. 1981,266: 62-68
28 E. M. Dianov. Materials for Infrared Low Loss Fibers. SPIE. 1982, 320:15-19
29 L. N. Butvino, E. M. Dianov, D. V. Drobot, Y. G. Kolesnikov, N. V. Lichkova. New Optical Materials and Fibers for Mid IR Region. SPIE. 1989,1048:17-22
30 M. A. Pickering, R. L. Tayor, A. L. Armirotto. Development of ZnSe Infrared Optical Fibers. SPIE. 1986,618:110-114
31 A. Saar, A. Katzir. Intrinsic Losses in Mixed Silver Halide Fibers. SPIE. 1989,1048:24-31
32 A. R. Hilton. As-Se-Te-Based Glass Fibers. SPIE. 1990,1228:84-96
33 A. Kongo, K. Morosawa, K. Matsumoto, T. Shiota, T. Hashimoto. Transmission of Kilowaat-Class CO2 Laser Light Through Dielectric-Coated Metallic Hollow Waveguides for Material Processing. Appl. Opt. 1992,31:5114-5120
34 T. Limin, S. Yonghang, C. Fangmin, Y. Linhua. Plastic Banding of Sapphire Fibers for Infrared Sensing and Power-Delivery Applications. Appl. Opt. 2000,39(A):494-501
35 D. J. Haan, D. J. Gibii, J. A. Harrington. Recent Advance in the Fabrication of Hollow Glass Waveguides. SPIE. 1998,3262:103-107
36 Y. Mastsuura, K. Matsuura, J. A. Harrington. Power Delivery of Free Electron Laser Light by Hollow Glass Waveguides. Appl. Opt. 1996,35 (27) :5395-5397
37 H. E. LaBelle. EFG the Invention and Application to Sapphire Growth. J. Cryst Growth. 1980,50:8-17
38 D. H. Jundt, M. M. Fejer, R. L. Byer. Characterization of Single-Crystal Sapphire Fibers for Optical Power Delivery system. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1989,55:2170-2172
39 R. S. F Chang, S. Sengupta, G. J. Dixon, L. B. Shaw, N. Djeu. Growth of Small Laster Crystals for Study of Energy Kinetics and Spectroscopy.
SPIE. 1989,1104:224-250
40 S. J. Saggese, J. A. Harrington, G. H. J. Sigel. Hollow and Dielectric Waveguides for Infrared Spectroscopic Applications. SPIE. 1991,1437: 44-53
41 R. S. F. chang, V. Phomsakha, N. Djeu. Recent Advances in Sapphire Fibers. SPIE. 1995,2396:48-53
42 G. M. Clarke, D. Chadwick, R. K. Nubling,, J. A. Harrington. Sapphire Fibers for Three Micron Delivery of EnYAG Laser Energy. SPIE. 1995, 2396:60-70
43 A. P. Pryshlak, J. R. Pugan,, J. J. Fitzgibbon. Advancementsin Sapphire Optical Fibers for the Delivery of Er:YAG Laser Energy and IR Sensor Applications. SPIE. 1996,2677:3-42
44 R. K. Nabling, R. L. Kozodoy, J. A. Harrington. Optical Properties of Clad and Unclad Sapphire Fiber. SPIE. 1994,2131:56-61
45 G. N. Merberg, J. A. Harrington. Optical and Mechanical Properties of Single-Crystal Sapphire Optical Fibers. Appl. Opt. 1995,32:3201-3209
46 R. Dahan, J. Dror, N. Crotoru. Characterization of Chemically Formed Silver Iodide Layers for Hollow Infrared Guides. Mater. Res. Ball. 1992, 27:761-766
47 N. Groitoru, J. Dror, I. Gannot. Characterization of Hollow Fibers for the Transmission of Infrared Radiation. Appl. Opt. 1990,29:1805-1809
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