高原燃油暖风机燃烧室空气动力场的数值模拟
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摘要
高原燃油暖风机体积较小、机动性能较强，是供给高海拔地区军队帐篷，房屋热量的一种较理想的取暖装置。对高原燃油暖风机的研究可以通过实验方法来完成，也可以通过数值模拟的方法实现。
本文便是运用数值模拟的方法来研究暖风机特性的。首先模拟燃烧器，所选用的湍流流动模型为可实现的κ-ε模型，通过用实验测得的实验数据与模拟值是否吻合来判断我们所建立的物理模型及所选用的湍流流动模型的正确性。然后通过两级计算的方法，分别对不同海拔高度、喷火筒形状、根部风大小、旋流叶片的倾角以及有无回热板时对燃烧室空气气流组织的影响进行模拟。对燃烧室模拟所选用的湍流流动模型为标准κ-ε模型。从而得出使高原燃油暖风机易点火、火焰稳定、燃烧充分的喷火筒形状、根部风的大小以及旋流叶片的倾斜角度，为工程技术人员设计高原燃油暖风机提供一定的根据。
Plateau oil-fired warm air heater is an ideal warm equipment of supplying warm for troop tent in plateau for it's small volume and flexibility. There are two methods to development Plateau oil-fired warm air heater. One is experimentation; the other is numerical simulation.
This paper aims to numerical simulation to research the characteristic of warm air heater. First, we simulate the firebox through realization k-e turbulent model. If experimentation data match to simulated data, we consider the physics model and turbulent model we establish is valid. Second, we development the influence of flamethrower shape, root air, the obliquity of spin vane and block heat board for the air current in the firebox by simulating them through two phases calculate. In this case, we take standard k ?s turbulent model. Through simulated results, we can receive ideal flamethrower shape, root air, and the obliquity of spin vane so that plateau oil-fired warm air heater ignition easily, flame is stabilization and burn sufficiency. In addition, these simulated results can provide engineers with a certain basis to design air register, and establish foundation for the further studies on the simulation under hot conditions.
本文便是运用数值模拟的方法来研究暖风机特性的。首先模拟燃烧器，所选用的湍流流动模型为可实现的κ-ε模型，通过用实验测得的实验数据与模拟值是否吻合来判断我们所建立的物理模型及所选用的湍流流动模型的正确性。然后通过两级计算的方法，分别对不同海拔高度、喷火筒形状、根部风大小、旋流叶片的倾角以及有无回热板时对燃烧室空气气流组织的影响进行模拟。对燃烧室模拟所选用的湍流流动模型为标准κ-ε模型。从而得出使高原燃油暖风机易点火、火焰稳定、燃烧充分的喷火筒形状、根部风的大小以及旋流叶片的倾斜角度，为工程技术人员设计高原燃油暖风机提供一定的根据。
Plateau oil-fired warm air heater is an ideal warm equipment of supplying warm for troop tent in plateau for it's small volume and flexibility. There are two methods to development Plateau oil-fired warm air heater. One is experimentation; the other is numerical simulation.
This paper aims to numerical simulation to research the characteristic of warm air heater. First, we simulate the firebox through realization k-e turbulent model. If experimentation data match to simulated data, we consider the physics model and turbulent model we establish is valid. Second, we development the influence of flamethrower shape, root air, the obliquity of spin vane and block heat board for the air current in the firebox by simulating them through two phases calculate. In this case, we take standard k ?s turbulent model. Through simulated results, we can receive ideal flamethrower shape, root air, and the obliquity of spin vane so that plateau oil-fired warm air heater ignition easily, flame is stabilization and burn sufficiency. In addition, these simulated results can provide engineers with a certain basis to design air register, and establish foundation for the further studies on the simulation under hot conditions.
引文
[1]李俊：高原燃油暖风机的研制，西安建筑科技大学硕士研究生学位论文
[2]方文沐，杜慧敏，李天荣：燃料分析技术问答，中国电力出版社，2001
[3]黄乙武：液体燃料的性质和应用，烃加工出版社，1985
[4]郑爱平：空气调节工程，科技出版社，2002
[5]候凌，候晓春：喷嘴技术手则，中国石化出版社，2002
[6]傅唯标，卫景彬：燃烧物理学基础，机械工业出版社，1984
[7]宁晃，高歌，燃烧室气动力学，科学出版社，1987
[8]A.D.ROBERTSON,etc. Discussion on "swirl", Institute of fuel 1966
[9]J.CHEDAILLE, etc.Aerodynamic studies carried out on turbulent jet by the international flame research foundation, Institute of fuel 1966
[10]A.D.ROBERTSON, etc.Sonlng and modeling criteria for burner design with swirl addition, Institute of fuel 1966
[11]J.P.D.HAKLUYTT, B.C.NORTH, Aerodynamic criteria for the design of air-registers for oil-fired naval boilers, Institute of fuel 1966
[12]陕西国际连机信息检索中心科学技术项目查新报告，2002．6
[13]朱青等：大型锅炉炉堂三维流场微机数值模拟计算，热能动力工程，1996．11
[14]常弘哲等：燃烧室流场数值计算方法的改进，中国航空学会第七届燃烧与传热学术讨论会，1990．11
[15]田茂诚等：旋风燃烧室的冷态试验研究，工程热物理学会燃烧学术议论文集，1994
[16]刘伟等：模型燃烧室复杂流场的数值模拟，中国航空学会第七届燃烧与传热学术讨论会，1990．11
[17]Patankar. S. V and Spalding. D.B. (1972) A calculation procedure for heat, mass and momentum transfer in three dimensional parabolic flows. Int,K. Heat and Mass Transfer
[18]About Arab, T.W.(1980)Calculation of swirling flow with a general model of turbulence and its experimental verification using LDS.Proc. 3rd, Int.Conference on Mechanical Power Engineering, Cairo, Paper Ⅷ. 18
[19]Petukhov B S. Heat transfer and friction in turbulent pipe flow with variable
properties. Number Heat Transfer, 1979
[20]汤广发：室内气流数值计算及模型试验，长沙：湖南大学出版社，1984
[21]李成之等：旋风燃烧器等温流场某些特点的研究，工程热物理学报，1990．5
[22]张政译，S．V．帕坦卡：传热与流体流动的数值计算，科学出版社，1984
[23]陶文铨：数值传热学，西安交通大学出版社，1988
[24]E．E．卡里尔：燃烧室与工业炉的模拟，科技出版社，1987
[25]Chang F and Dhir V K. Mechanics of bear transfer enhance ment and slow decay of swirl in tubes using tangential injection. Int.J.Heat and Fluid Flow. 1995
[26]周力行：湍流气粒两相流动和燃烧的理论与数值模拟，北京，科学出版社，1994
[27]李成之，吴少安，金珠梅：液排渣粉旋风燃烧室内流场的数值模拟，工程热物理学报，199516．(2)
[28]郭宽良等：计算传热学，中国科技大学出版社，1988
[29]范维澄：流动及燃烧的模型与计算，中国科学技术出版社，1992
[30]周谟仁：流体力学泵与风机，中国建筑工业出版社，1988
[31]赵承庆，姜毅：气体射流动力学，北京理工大学出版社，1998
[2]方文沐，杜慧敏，李天荣：燃料分析技术问答，中国电力出版社，2001
[3]黄乙武：液体燃料的性质和应用，烃加工出版社，1985
[4]郑爱平：空气调节工程，科技出版社，2002
[5]候凌，候晓春：喷嘴技术手则，中国石化出版社，2002
[6]傅唯标，卫景彬：燃烧物理学基础，机械工业出版社，1984
[7]宁晃，高歌，燃烧室气动力学，科学出版社，1987
[8]A.D.ROBERTSON,etc. Discussion on "swirl", Institute of fuel 1966
[9]J.CHEDAILLE, etc.Aerodynamic studies carried out on turbulent jet by the international flame research foundation, Institute of fuel 1966
[10]A.D.ROBERTSON, etc.Sonlng and modeling criteria for burner design with swirl addition, Institute of fuel 1966
[11]J.P.D.HAKLUYTT, B.C.NORTH, Aerodynamic criteria for the design of air-registers for oil-fired naval boilers, Institute of fuel 1966
[12]陕西国际连机信息检索中心科学技术项目查新报告，2002．6
[13]朱青等：大型锅炉炉堂三维流场微机数值模拟计算，热能动力工程，1996．11
[14]常弘哲等：燃烧室流场数值计算方法的改进，中国航空学会第七届燃烧与传热学术讨论会，1990．11
[15]田茂诚等：旋风燃烧室的冷态试验研究，工程热物理学会燃烧学术议论文集，1994
[16]刘伟等：模型燃烧室复杂流场的数值模拟，中国航空学会第七届燃烧与传热学术讨论会，1990．11
[17]Patankar. S. V and Spalding. D.B. (1972) A calculation procedure for heat, mass and momentum transfer in three dimensional parabolic flows. Int,K. Heat and Mass Transfer
[18]About Arab, T.W.(1980)Calculation of swirling flow with a general model of turbulence and its experimental verification using LDS.Proc. 3rd, Int.Conference on Mechanical Power Engineering, Cairo, Paper Ⅷ. 18
[19]Petukhov B S. Heat transfer and friction in turbulent pipe flow with variable
properties. Number Heat Transfer, 1979
[20]汤广发：室内气流数值计算及模型试验，长沙：湖南大学出版社，1984
[21]李成之等：旋风燃烧器等温流场某些特点的研究，工程热物理学报，1990．5
[22]张政译，S．V．帕坦卡：传热与流体流动的数值计算，科学出版社，1984
[23]陶文铨：数值传热学，西安交通大学出版社，1988
[24]E．E．卡里尔：燃烧室与工业炉的模拟，科技出版社，1987
[25]Chang F and Dhir V K. Mechanics of bear transfer enhance ment and slow decay of swirl in tubes using tangential injection. Int.J.Heat and Fluid Flow. 1995
[26]周力行：湍流气粒两相流动和燃烧的理论与数值模拟，北京，科学出版社，1994
[27]李成之，吴少安，金珠梅：液排渣粉旋风燃烧室内流场的数值模拟，工程热物理学报，199516．(2)
[28]郭宽良等：计算传热学，中国科技大学出版社，1988
[29]范维澄：流动及燃烧的模型与计算，中国科学技术出版社，1992
[30]周谟仁：流体力学泵与风机，中国建筑工业出版社，1988
[31]赵承庆，姜毅：气体射流动力学，北京理工大学出版社，1998