外辐射源雷达系统的测向及定位算法研究
摘要
本文首先介绍了调频广播(FM)信号的原理和特性,无源双(多)基地雷达和无线电测向(DF)的基本概念,然后详细讨论了如何利用调频广播信号对动目标进行测向和定位。本文提出了一种新的基于外辐射源的测向算法,并在此基础上提出了一种基于调频广播信号的外辐射源雷达系统信号处理方案。本文中的测向算法使用艾德考克(Adcock)天线,该天线体积小、重量轻,大大提高了系统的机动性能,另外该算法属于相位测角法,测量精度高于比幅测向。定位模型采用的是单站定位模型,对布站要求比较低。最后,通过外场实测数据对测向算法以及整个信号处理方案进行验证。
Firstly a brief introduction of characteristics of FM broadcast signal as well as basic conception of passive Bistatic/Multistatic radar system and radio direction find(DF) is given in this paper. Then a particular discussion about how to find the direction and location of a moving target in passive radar system is presented in this paper. A novel DF algorithm and a signal processing scheme based on FM broadcast signal are proposed. The DF algorithm in this paper makes use of Adcock antenna, which is small size and light weight, improving the maneuverability of the whole system. On the other hand, this algorithm belongs to Measuring-angle by-phase which is much precise than Measuring-angle-by- amplitude. Location method is base on single fixed station. The location of station required by this method can be easily fulfilled. Finally, the effectiveness of the DF and the whole signal processing scheme is verified by real data processing.
Firstly a brief introduction of characteristics of FM broadcast signal as well as basic conception of passive Bistatic/Multistatic radar system and radio direction find(DF) is given in this paper. Then a particular discussion about how to find the direction and location of a moving target in passive radar system is presented in this paper. A novel DF algorithm and a signal processing scheme based on FM broadcast signal are proposed. The DF algorithm in this paper makes use of Adcock antenna, which is small size and light weight, improving the maneuverability of the whole system. On the other hand, this algorithm belongs to Measuring-angle by-phase which is much precise than Measuring-angle-by- amplitude. Location method is base on single fixed station. The location of station required by this method can be easily fulfilled. Finally, the effectiveness of the DF and the whole signal processing scheme is verified by real data processing.
引文
[1] Y.T.CHAN,B.HLEE,R.INKOL,Q.YUAN. Direction Finding with a Four-Element Adcock-Butler Matrix Antenna Array. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS VOL. 37, NO. 4 OCTOBER 2001
[2] Chan, Y.T, Hattin, R.V, J.B.Plant. The least squares estimation of time delay and its use in signal detection. IEEE Tranactions on Signal Processing, 26, 3 (June 1978),217-222
[3] Wang Jun, Zhang Shouhong, Bao Zheng. Passive coherent detection via exploiting illuminator of opportunity. Proceeding of 6th international conference on signal processing. 2002,8
[4] C.P.Mathews,M.D.Zoltowski,Eigenstructure Techniques for 2-D Angle Estimation with Uniform Circular Arrays. IEEE TArans On Signal Processing,1994;42(9): 2395-2407
[5]严明.利用电视调频广播载波信号的双(多)基地雷达系统.现代雷达. 2000, 8, 22(4). 19-24
[6]孙仲康,周一宇,何黎星.单多基地有源无源定位技术.国防工业出版社,1996
[7]丁鹭飞,耿富录.雷达原理.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[8] Bruce.D.Nordwall, Silent Sentry.A New Type of Radar. Aviation Week & Space Technology,1998.11.30
[9] John D. Sahr and Rrank D.Lind.The Manastash Ridge Radar:A Passive Bistatic Radar for Upper Atmospheric Radio Science.Radio Science,1997.11-12, 32(6): 2345-2358
[10] Headquarts,Department of the Army.Radio Direction Finding. The US Army Intelligence Scholl. 1977
[11]杨振起,张永顺,骆永军.双(多)基地雷达系统.北京:国防工业出版社,1998.31-111
[12]汤子跃,张守融.双站合成孔径雷达系统原理.北京:科学出版社,2003. 20-50
[13]王俊,保铮,张守宏.无源探测与跟踪雷达系统技术及其发展.雷达科学与技术,2004, 6, 2 (3). 129-135
[14]刘宁,刘文林一种新型的测向体制.电子对抗.1994.2:1-4
[15]刘芬,明望,陶松.相关处理在干涉仪中应用.电子科学技术革命, 2005年第6期
[16]辛红,郑家骏,梁昌洪.长基线测向模糊性消除[J].电波科学学报1999.12(4):416-421
[17]赵勇慧.提高相位干涉仪测向精度与改善测角范围的探讨[J].火控雷达技术.2002.6(4)
[18]杜龙先.单信道相关干涉仪测向原理.中国无线电管理. 2000.2
[19]王敏,宋凌云,胡绍林.干涉仪测量数据联合定位的方法.飞行测控学报2003.9(3): 22-25
[20]袁孝康.相位干涉仪测向定位研究[[J].上海航天.1999(3):1-7
[21] J.Fuhl,J.P.Rossi,E.Bonek. High-Resolusion 3-D Direction-of-Arrival Determination for Urban Mobile Radio. IEEE Trans. On AP,1997;AP-45(4):672-682
[22]辛红.干涉仪测向算法及测向天线阵性能研究.博士研究生学位论文.西安电子科技大学. 1999.7
[23]易正红.干涉仪测向系统信号到达角计算.电子对抗技术. 1995(5):21-24
[24]胡来招.非直线阵比相法测向.电子对抗.2000.1:1-4
[25]刘建华,王慕玺.一种具有稳健匹配性能的九阵元干涉仪基线配置.无线电通信技术.1999.1(25):8-11
[26]刘建华,彭应宁,田立生.基于方向向量空间距离的干涉仪测向处理方法.无线电工程. 1999.1(29):14-15, 19
[2] Chan, Y.T, Hattin, R.V, J.B.Plant. The least squares estimation of time delay and its use in signal detection. IEEE Tranactions on Signal Processing, 26, 3 (June 1978),217-222
[3] Wang Jun, Zhang Shouhong, Bao Zheng. Passive coherent detection via exploiting illuminator of opportunity. Proceeding of 6th international conference on signal processing. 2002,8
[4] C.P.Mathews,M.D.Zoltowski,Eigenstructure Techniques for 2-D Angle Estimation with Uniform Circular Arrays. IEEE TArans On Signal Processing,1994;42(9): 2395-2407
[5]严明.利用电视调频广播载波信号的双(多)基地雷达系统.现代雷达. 2000, 8, 22(4). 19-24
[6]孙仲康,周一宇,何黎星.单多基地有源无源定位技术.国防工业出版社,1996
[7]丁鹭飞,耿富录.雷达原理.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2002
[8] Bruce.D.Nordwall, Silent Sentry.A New Type of Radar. Aviation Week & Space Technology,1998.11.30
[9] John D. Sahr and Rrank D.Lind.The Manastash Ridge Radar:A Passive Bistatic Radar for Upper Atmospheric Radio Science.Radio Science,1997.11-12, 32(6): 2345-2358
[10] Headquarts,Department of the Army.Radio Direction Finding. The US Army Intelligence Scholl. 1977
[11]杨振起,张永顺,骆永军.双(多)基地雷达系统.北京:国防工业出版社,1998.31-111
[12]汤子跃,张守融.双站合成孔径雷达系统原理.北京:科学出版社,2003. 20-50
[13]王俊,保铮,张守宏.无源探测与跟踪雷达系统技术及其发展.雷达科学与技术,2004, 6, 2 (3). 129-135
[14]刘宁,刘文林一种新型的测向体制.电子对抗.1994.2:1-4
[15]刘芬,明望,陶松.相关处理在干涉仪中应用.电子科学技术革命, 2005年第6期
[16]辛红,郑家骏,梁昌洪.长基线测向模糊性消除[J].电波科学学报1999.12(4):416-421
[17]赵勇慧.提高相位干涉仪测向精度与改善测角范围的探讨[J].火控雷达技术.2002.6(4)
[18]杜龙先.单信道相关干涉仪测向原理.中国无线电管理. 2000.2
[19]王敏,宋凌云,胡绍林.干涉仪测量数据联合定位的方法.飞行测控学报2003.9(3): 22-25
[20]袁孝康.相位干涉仪测向定位研究[[J].上海航天.1999(3):1-7
[21] J.Fuhl,J.P.Rossi,E.Bonek. High-Resolusion 3-D Direction-of-Arrival Determination for Urban Mobile Radio. IEEE Trans. On AP,1997;AP-45(4):672-682
[22]辛红.干涉仪测向算法及测向天线阵性能研究.博士研究生学位论文.西安电子科技大学. 1999.7
[23]易正红.干涉仪测向系统信号到达角计算.电子对抗技术. 1995(5):21-24
[24]胡来招.非直线阵比相法测向.电子对抗.2000.1:1-4
[25]刘建华,王慕玺.一种具有稳健匹配性能的九阵元干涉仪基线配置.无线电通信技术.1999.1(25):8-11
[26]刘建华,彭应宁,田立生.基于方向向量空间距离的干涉仪测向处理方法.无线电工程. 1999.1(29):14-15, 19