自由空间量子密码通信研究
|
摘要
本文首先通过当今保密通信的重要性引出了对自由空间量子密码通信的讨论,并分析了量子密码术应用于通信领域的优点,然后对其发展现状存在问题和发展前景做了讨论。之后介绍了自由空间量子密码通信的物理基础和信息学基础。最后着重对现存的自由空间量子密码通信的试验做了总结并对目前最为先进的试验方案的过滤装置和通信信道两部分提出了改进方案:取代原方案中普通滤光片,本文提出的过滤装置采用原子气过滤器,它能够更好的抑制背景光的干扰,进而提升整个系统的信噪比;通信信道应用的多入多出装置能够有效的增加信道的通信容量,并且也能够对增大整个系统的信噪比做出贡献。
Discussions about quantum cryptography communication in free space are firstly put forward through advancing the topic of the importance of secret communication nowadays. Advantages of using quantum cryptography into the application of communication fields are also pointed out. Then its developing status, existing problems and developing future are analyzed one by one. Further more, the physical foundations and informational bases of free space quantum cryptography are introduced. Finally, the emphases are focused on the present quantum cryptography experiments and an improved scheme toward one of them are shown in the paper, which mainly includes rectifications of two parts of the original idea: the atomic vapor filter the paper advances could better reduce the interference of background light which help increase the signal to noise ratio; the multi-input-multi-output system mentioned in the paper in its communication channel could effectively increase the communication capacity of it, which also contributes to the improvement of its signal to noise ratio.
Discussions about quantum cryptography communication in free space are firstly put forward through advancing the topic of the importance of secret communication nowadays. Advantages of using quantum cryptography into the application of communication fields are also pointed out. Then its developing status, existing problems and developing future are analyzed one by one. Further more, the physical foundations and informational bases of free space quantum cryptography are introduced. Finally, the emphases are focused on the present quantum cryptography experiments and an improved scheme toward one of them are shown in the paper, which mainly includes rectifications of two parts of the original idea: the atomic vapor filter the paper advances could better reduce the interference of background light which help increase the signal to noise ratio; the multi-input-multi-output system mentioned in the paper in its communication channel could effectively increase the communication capacity of it, which also contributes to the improvement of its signal to noise ratio.
引文
[1]陈腾云.中国科技大学博士学位论文.2006年5月
[2]M.Bajcsy,A.S.Zibrov,and M.D.Lukin.Stationary pulses of light in an atomic medium.Nature,426,2003
[3]A.Kuzmich,W.P.Bowen,A.D.Boozer,A.Boca,C.W.Chow L.M.Duan,and H.J.Kimble.Generation of nonclassical photon pairs for scalable quantum communication with atomic ensembles.Nature,423,2003.
[4]C.Gobby,Z.L.Yuan,and A.J.Shields.Quantum key distribution over 122 km of standard telecom fiber.Appl.Phys.Lett.,84,2004.
[5]Z.Zhao,A.N.Zhang,Y.A.Chen,H.Zhang,J.F.Du,T.Yang,and J.Vt-'.Pan.Experimental demonstration of a nondestructive controlled-not quantum gate for W o independent photon qubits.Phys.Rev.Lett.,94,2005
[6]S.Gasparoni,.1.W.Pan,P.Walther,T.Rudolph,and A.Zeilinger.Realization of a phot.onic controlled-not gate sufficient for quantum computation.Physics.Review.Letter.,93,2004
[7]Z.Zhao,A.N.Zhang,Y.A.Chen,I-I.Zhang,J.F.Du,T.Yang,and Jian-Wci Pan.Experimental demonstration of a nondestructive controlled-not quantum gate for two independent photon qubits.Phys.Rev.Lett.,94,2005.
[8]P.Walther,K.J.Kesch,T.Kudolph,E.Schenck,H.Weinfurter,V.Vedral,M.Aspelmeyer,and A.Zeilinger.Experimental one-way quantum computing.Nature,434,2005.
[9]郭光灿.量子密码——新一代密码技术.物理与工程.2005年6月.第15卷第4期
[10]郭光灿.量子信息引论.量子力学新进展.2001,30(5):286-293
[11]苏晓琴,郭光灿.量子通信与量子计算.量子电子学报 2004,21(6):706-718
[12]李同山,王善斌.经典密码通信与量子密码通信的现状及发展趋势.山东理工大学学报.2006年11月.第20卷第6期
[13]薛鹏,郭光灿.量子通信.物理学报.2002,31(6):385-391
[14]王川,张竞夫,王平晓等.自由空间中量子密码通讯实验.中国科学G辑 物理学 力学 天文学.2005,35(2):149-157
[15]张光宇,马晶,谭立英.自由空间量子密码术的发展状况.激光技术.2004年6月.第28卷第3期
[16]Thomas Durt.Comment on practical Free-Space quantum key distribution over 1km.Physical Review Letters.20 SEPTEMBER 1999.Volume 83,Number 12
[17]Richard J Hughes,Jane E Nordholt,Derek Derkacs et al.Practical free-space quantum key distribution over 10km in daylight and at night.New Journal of Physics.July 2002.(2002) 43.1-43.14
[18]Henning Weier,Tobias Schmitt-Manderbach,Nadja Regner et al.Free space quantum key distribution:Towards a real life application.Phys.54,No.8-10,840-845(2006)
[19]刘玉,叶俊,王长强.自由空间量子密钥分发中的信号同步解决方案.光电工程.2006年4月 第33卷第4期
[20]Qing-Lin Wu,Zheng-Fu Han,Er-Long Miao et al.Synchronization of free-space quantum key distribution.Optics Communications 275(2007) 486-490
[21]Jeffrey H.Shapiro Near-field turbulence effects on quantum-key distribution.Physical Review A 67,022309(2003)
[22]李若虹,孙献平,罗军.空间量子密码通信.光学与光电技术.2003年6月.第1卷第2期
[23]张光宇,马晶,谭立英.星地量子密钥分配中单光子捕获理论分析.光电工程.2006年3月.第33卷第3期
[24]陈平形,李承祖.纠缠的纯化和提取.量子光学学报9(4):149-157,2003
[25]Ivan Marcikic,Ant(?)a Lamas-Linares,and Christian Kurtsiefer.Free-space quantum key distribution with entangled photons.Applied Physics Letters 89,101122(2006)
[26]陈晖,朱甫臣.量子密码实验系统分析.信息安全与通信保密.2005年7月.185-187
[27]张光宇,马晶,谭立英 自由空间量子密钥分配协议研究.光通信技术2004年第9期.38-40
[28]刘玉,叶俊,王长强.自由空间量子密钥分发中信号发生与处理方案.华中科技大学学报.2007年4月.第35卷第4期
[29]王俊林,张剑云.卫星移动通信信道模型及仿真.火力与指挥控制.2007年3月.第32卷第3期.
[30]潘建伟,张军,彭承志.量子密码实验新进展--13km自由空间纠缠光子分发:朝向基于人造卫星的全球化量子通信.中国学术期刊.2005年7月.第34卷10期
[31]冯发勇 量子密码的若干研究 中国科技大学硕士学位论文 2006年5月
[32]Tobias Schmitt-Manderbach,HenningWeier,Martin Furst et al.Experimental Demonstration of Free-Space Decoy-State Quantum Key Distribution over 144km.Physical Review Letters.5 January 2007.PRL 98,010504(2007)
[33]Xin Shan,Xianping Sun,a_Jun Luo et al.Free-space quantum key distribution with Rb vapor filters.Applied Physics Letters 89,191121,2006
[34]Mr J.PELLETIER Ultraviolet Raman Spectroscopy Using an Atomic Vapor Filter and Incoherent Excitation.Applied Spectography Volume 46,Number 3,1992
[35]David Gesbert,Helmut Bolskei,Dhananjay A Gore et al.Outdoor MIMO Wireless Channels:Models and Performance Prediction.IEEE Transaction On Communications,VOL 38.NO.12,December 2002
[36]Masoud Sharif and Babak Hassibi.On the Capacity of MIMO Broadcast Channels with Partial Side Information.IEEE Transaction On Information Theory.VOL 51.NO.2,February 2005
[37]Imad Barhumi,Geert Leus and Marc Moonen.Optimal Training Design for MIMO OFDM Systems in Mobile Wireless Channels.IEEE Transactions On Signal Processing,VOL.51,NO.6,June 2003
[38]Motti Gabay and Shlomi Arnon.Quantum Key Distribution by a Free-Space MIMO System.Journal of Lightwave Technology.August 2006.VOL 24 NO.8
[39]李义峰,陈建国,冯国英.量子密码分配过程中的测量基问题.量子电子学报.2005年10月.第22卷第5期
[40]David Gesbert,Mansoor Shafi,Da-shan Shiu et al.From Theory to Practice:An Overview of MIMO Space-Time Coded Wireless Systems.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,VOL.21,NO.3,April 2003
[41]Barry E.DeMartini,Jeffrey F.Rhoads,Mark A.Zieke et al.A single input-single output coupled micro-resonator array for the detection and identification of multiple analyses.Applied Physics Letters 93,054102 2008
[42]朱岳超,田永泰.量子密码技术及其军事应用.信息安全与通信保密 49-50.2004年5月
[2]M.Bajcsy,A.S.Zibrov,and M.D.Lukin.Stationary pulses of light in an atomic medium.Nature,426,2003
[3]A.Kuzmich,W.P.Bowen,A.D.Boozer,A.Boca,C.W.Chow L.M.Duan,and H.J.Kimble.Generation of nonclassical photon pairs for scalable quantum communication with atomic ensembles.Nature,423,2003.
[4]C.Gobby,Z.L.Yuan,and A.J.Shields.Quantum key distribution over 122 km of standard telecom fiber.Appl.Phys.Lett.,84,2004.
[5]Z.Zhao,A.N.Zhang,Y.A.Chen,H.Zhang,J.F.Du,T.Yang,and J.Vt-'.Pan.Experimental demonstration of a nondestructive controlled-not quantum gate for W o independent photon qubits.Phys.Rev.Lett.,94,2005
[6]S.Gasparoni,.1.W.Pan,P.Walther,T.Rudolph,and A.Zeilinger.Realization of a phot.onic controlled-not gate sufficient for quantum computation.Physics.Review.Letter.,93,2004
[7]Z.Zhao,A.N.Zhang,Y.A.Chen,I-I.Zhang,J.F.Du,T.Yang,and Jian-Wci Pan.Experimental demonstration of a nondestructive controlled-not quantum gate for two independent photon qubits.Phys.Rev.Lett.,94,2005.
[8]P.Walther,K.J.Kesch,T.Kudolph,E.Schenck,H.Weinfurter,V.Vedral,M.Aspelmeyer,and A.Zeilinger.Experimental one-way quantum computing.Nature,434,2005.
[9]郭光灿.量子密码——新一代密码技术.物理与工程.2005年6月.第15卷第4期
[10]郭光灿.量子信息引论.量子力学新进展.2001,30(5):286-293
[11]苏晓琴,郭光灿.量子通信与量子计算.量子电子学报 2004,21(6):706-718
[12]李同山,王善斌.经典密码通信与量子密码通信的现状及发展趋势.山东理工大学学报.2006年11月.第20卷第6期
[13]薛鹏,郭光灿.量子通信.物理学报.2002,31(6):385-391
[14]王川,张竞夫,王平晓等.自由空间中量子密码通讯实验.中国科学G辑 物理学 力学 天文学.2005,35(2):149-157
[15]张光宇,马晶,谭立英.自由空间量子密码术的发展状况.激光技术.2004年6月.第28卷第3期
[16]Thomas Durt.Comment on practical Free-Space quantum key distribution over 1km.Physical Review Letters.20 SEPTEMBER 1999.Volume 83,Number 12
[17]Richard J Hughes,Jane E Nordholt,Derek Derkacs et al.Practical free-space quantum key distribution over 10km in daylight and at night.New Journal of Physics.July 2002.(2002) 43.1-43.14
[18]Henning Weier,Tobias Schmitt-Manderbach,Nadja Regner et al.Free space quantum key distribution:Towards a real life application.Phys.54,No.8-10,840-845(2006)
[19]刘玉,叶俊,王长强.自由空间量子密钥分发中的信号同步解决方案.光电工程.2006年4月 第33卷第4期
[20]Qing-Lin Wu,Zheng-Fu Han,Er-Long Miao et al.Synchronization of free-space quantum key distribution.Optics Communications 275(2007) 486-490
[21]Jeffrey H.Shapiro Near-field turbulence effects on quantum-key distribution.Physical Review A 67,022309(2003)
[22]李若虹,孙献平,罗军.空间量子密码通信.光学与光电技术.2003年6月.第1卷第2期
[23]张光宇,马晶,谭立英.星地量子密钥分配中单光子捕获理论分析.光电工程.2006年3月.第33卷第3期
[24]陈平形,李承祖.纠缠的纯化和提取.量子光学学报9(4):149-157,2003
[25]Ivan Marcikic,Ant(?)a Lamas-Linares,and Christian Kurtsiefer.Free-space quantum key distribution with entangled photons.Applied Physics Letters 89,101122(2006)
[26]陈晖,朱甫臣.量子密码实验系统分析.信息安全与通信保密.2005年7月.185-187
[27]张光宇,马晶,谭立英 自由空间量子密钥分配协议研究.光通信技术2004年第9期.38-40
[28]刘玉,叶俊,王长强.自由空间量子密钥分发中信号发生与处理方案.华中科技大学学报.2007年4月.第35卷第4期
[29]王俊林,张剑云.卫星移动通信信道模型及仿真.火力与指挥控制.2007年3月.第32卷第3期.
[30]潘建伟,张军,彭承志.量子密码实验新进展--13km自由空间纠缠光子分发:朝向基于人造卫星的全球化量子通信.中国学术期刊.2005年7月.第34卷10期
[31]冯发勇 量子密码的若干研究 中国科技大学硕士学位论文 2006年5月
[32]Tobias Schmitt-Manderbach,HenningWeier,Martin Furst et al.Experimental Demonstration of Free-Space Decoy-State Quantum Key Distribution over 144km.Physical Review Letters.5 January 2007.PRL 98,010504(2007)
[33]Xin Shan,Xianping Sun,a_Jun Luo et al.Free-space quantum key distribution with Rb vapor filters.Applied Physics Letters 89,191121,2006
[34]Mr J.PELLETIER Ultraviolet Raman Spectroscopy Using an Atomic Vapor Filter and Incoherent Excitation.Applied Spectography Volume 46,Number 3,1992
[35]David Gesbert,Helmut Bolskei,Dhananjay A Gore et al.Outdoor MIMO Wireless Channels:Models and Performance Prediction.IEEE Transaction On Communications,VOL 38.NO.12,December 2002
[36]Masoud Sharif and Babak Hassibi.On the Capacity of MIMO Broadcast Channels with Partial Side Information.IEEE Transaction On Information Theory.VOL 51.NO.2,February 2005
[37]Imad Barhumi,Geert Leus and Marc Moonen.Optimal Training Design for MIMO OFDM Systems in Mobile Wireless Channels.IEEE Transactions On Signal Processing,VOL.51,NO.6,June 2003
[38]Motti Gabay and Shlomi Arnon.Quantum Key Distribution by a Free-Space MIMO System.Journal of Lightwave Technology.August 2006.VOL 24 NO.8
[39]李义峰,陈建国,冯国英.量子密码分配过程中的测量基问题.量子电子学报.2005年10月.第22卷第5期
[40]David Gesbert,Mansoor Shafi,Da-shan Shiu et al.From Theory to Practice:An Overview of MIMO Space-Time Coded Wireless Systems.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,VOL.21,NO.3,April 2003
[41]Barry E.DeMartini,Jeffrey F.Rhoads,Mark A.Zieke et al.A single input-single output coupled micro-resonator array for the detection and identification of multiple analyses.Applied Physics Letters 93,054102 2008
[42]朱岳超,田永泰.量子密码技术及其军事应用.信息安全与通信保密 49-50.2004年5月