雷达波生命探测技术研究
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摘要
雷达波生命探测技术主要基于多普勒原理。当雷达波穿透一定障碍物而遇到人体时,反射的回波信号被人体生命活动(如呼吸、心跳等)引起的微动所调制,使得回波信号的一些参数发生改变。我们把回波信号适当处理,就能从中提取出与人体相关的生命特征信息,从而在不接触人体的情况下,探测出在废墟、瓦砾、建筑物下是否有活的生命体存在。利用雷达波探测生命体的方法,克服了传统的探生设备容易受外界环境限制和干扰的缺点,抗干扰能力强,适用于发生塌方、雪崩、地震等灾害后对受伤人员的及时营救,同时也可用于医疗看护及反恐等领域。
本文设计的连续波雷达生命探测系统包括雷达天线、现场探测装置和远端测控PDA三部分。现场探测装置包括雷达收发模块和基于DSP的信号处理系统。处理系统以TMS320C5509A为核心,负责对解调后的信号进行实时采集和处理,远端测控PDA部分为搜救人员使用的手持式主机,PDA通过RS232接口从现场探测装置获取数据,同时也能对现场探测装置进行控制。采用基于DSP的雷达生命探测信号处理系统可以基本代替USB数据采集卡和计算机,完成信号的采集、分析和处理。并且具有体积小、重量轻、功耗低、携带方便等优点。
本文针对雷达波生命探测系统进行了信号处理的算法研究。生命信号属于低速运动目标信号,它所产生的多普勒频移非常小,微弱的回波信号极易淹没在强杂波背景下。如何更加有效地检测和提取出所需的微弱目标信号即生命特征信号,是研究的重点。本文根据小波变换的多分辨率特性,选择d4小波,在噪声背景下检测和提取生命信号。该方法基于提升算法,完成信号分解、通道提取、信号重构和信号检测等系列处理,比一般滤波方法能更有效地提取和检测出生命信号,实时性、应用性更强。
雷达波生命探测仪在武警部队也有广阔的应用前景。
The technology of radar life-detection is mainly based on the principle of Doppler. When radar wave penetrated some obstacles and encountered the body, signal was modulated by human life activities (such as breathing, heartbeat, etc), some parameters of the signal changed. We can extract life relevant characteristics information from the echo signal after properly dispose. And we can see whether life is existence under ruins, rubble, buildings. The tradional life-detection equipments is always Limitations and interference to external environment, but the method of radar life-detection have a better Anti-interference ability. This method can be able to rescue injured person timely after collapse, avalanche, earthquakes and other disasters, as well as anti-terrorism areas and so on.
The life-detection system be design in the article contains three parts, radar antenna, on-site detection device and the PDA for remote monitor and control. The on-site detection devices contains transceiver module and DSP-based pretreatment system, TMS320C5509A is the core of pretreatment system , it take charge of real-time signal sample and processing after demodulation. Remote monitor and control PDA is the handset for the rescue staff. PDA can access data from the on-site detection device though the RS232 interface , and also can control the on-site detection device. Based on DSP this signal processing system can take the place of the computer and USB date sampling card to play the role of signal sampling, analyzing and display. Using this unit to compose the radar-based non-contact life-detection system, not only takes the advantages of small size, light weight., but also easy to carry.
The signal processing for the life was discussed in the paper. Life signals are low-velocity target signals with very small Doppler frequency shifts and very weak echo signals easily submerged in clutter noise. It is a keystone to detect and pick up LVT more availably and veraciously in this paper. This article design a method is based on the lifting scheme and considers wavelet cores selection first. Signal decomposition, extraction and reconstruction are all completed on the initial signal repeatedly for several times. These operations require less computation and memory but produce precise results.
The radar life-detection also has broad application prospects in the Armed Police Force.
本文设计的连续波雷达生命探测系统包括雷达天线、现场探测装置和远端测控PDA三部分。现场探测装置包括雷达收发模块和基于DSP的信号处理系统。处理系统以TMS320C5509A为核心,负责对解调后的信号进行实时采集和处理,远端测控PDA部分为搜救人员使用的手持式主机,PDA通过RS232接口从现场探测装置获取数据,同时也能对现场探测装置进行控制。采用基于DSP的雷达生命探测信号处理系统可以基本代替USB数据采集卡和计算机,完成信号的采集、分析和处理。并且具有体积小、重量轻、功耗低、携带方便等优点。
本文针对雷达波生命探测系统进行了信号处理的算法研究。生命信号属于低速运动目标信号,它所产生的多普勒频移非常小,微弱的回波信号极易淹没在强杂波背景下。如何更加有效地检测和提取出所需的微弱目标信号即生命特征信号,是研究的重点。本文根据小波变换的多分辨率特性,选择d4小波,在噪声背景下检测和提取生命信号。该方法基于提升算法,完成信号分解、通道提取、信号重构和信号检测等系列处理,比一般滤波方法能更有效地提取和检测出生命信号,实时性、应用性更强。
雷达波生命探测仪在武警部队也有广阔的应用前景。
The technology of radar life-detection is mainly based on the principle of Doppler. When radar wave penetrated some obstacles and encountered the body, signal was modulated by human life activities (such as breathing, heartbeat, etc), some parameters of the signal changed. We can extract life relevant characteristics information from the echo signal after properly dispose. And we can see whether life is existence under ruins, rubble, buildings. The tradional life-detection equipments is always Limitations and interference to external environment, but the method of radar life-detection have a better Anti-interference ability. This method can be able to rescue injured person timely after collapse, avalanche, earthquakes and other disasters, as well as anti-terrorism areas and so on.
The life-detection system be design in the article contains three parts, radar antenna, on-site detection device and the PDA for remote monitor and control. The on-site detection devices contains transceiver module and DSP-based pretreatment system, TMS320C5509A is the core of pretreatment system , it take charge of real-time signal sample and processing after demodulation. Remote monitor and control PDA is the handset for the rescue staff. PDA can access data from the on-site detection device though the RS232 interface , and also can control the on-site detection device. Based on DSP this signal processing system can take the place of the computer and USB date sampling card to play the role of signal sampling, analyzing and display. Using this unit to compose the radar-based non-contact life-detection system, not only takes the advantages of small size, light weight., but also easy to carry.
The signal processing for the life was discussed in the paper. Life signals are low-velocity target signals with very small Doppler frequency shifts and very weak echo signals easily submerged in clutter noise. It is a keystone to detect and pick up LVT more availably and veraciously in this paper. This article design a method is based on the lifting scheme and considers wavelet cores selection first. Signal decomposition, extraction and reconstruction are all completed on the initial signal repeatedly for several times. These operations require less computation and memory but produce precise results.
The radar life-detection also has broad application prospects in the Armed Police Force.
引文
[1]郭山红,孙锦涛,谢仁宏,穿墙生命探测技术研究[C],南京理工大学学报,2005。
[2]王绪本,郭勇,王娇,基于声波与振动探测的地震灾害生命搜索系统信号分析,工程地球物理学报[C],2005。
[3] D.Misra, K.M.Chen. Responses of electric-field probes near a cylindrical model of the human body[C],Theory and Tech.1995.
[4] David.D.Ferris,NicholasC.Currie.A survey of current technologies for through-the-wall surveillance[C],Conference on Sensors.1998.
[5]游林儒,吴庆家,文小琴,基于超低频电磁波的穿墙生命探测技术,传感器与微系统[J],2008.
[6]林生,孙强,现代隔墙探测技术扫描[J],军事工程,2006.
[7] EugeneF.Greneker,.Radar Flashlight for through-the-wall detection of humans[C], Part of SPIE Conference on Targets and Backgrouds.1998.
[8]罗漫江,生命探测仪的技术研究[D],西安电子科技大学,2004.
[9]王健琪,郑崇勋,荆西京,基于毫米波的非接触生命参数检测系统的研制[J],航天医学与医学工程,2004.
[10]余晶,周觅,穿墙雷达中的多目标探测研究[C],成都信息工程学院学报,2008.
[11]宋华,李禹,超宽带穿墙探测雷达的运动目标检测技术[J],电讯技术,2004.
[12] Alexander S. Bugaev,Mathematical Simulation of Remote Detection of Human Breathing and Heartbeat by Multifrequency Radar on the Background of Local Objects Reflections[C],2005.
[13]李刚,LFMCW生命探测雷达信号处理技术研究[D],西北工业大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[14] A.S.Bugaev ,Through Wall Sensing of human breathing and heart beating by monochromatic radar,tenth internation conference on ground penetrating radar[C],2004.
[15]邱力军,董秀珍,生命探测系统中频信号的采样准则和频谱特性[J],第四军医大学学报,2003.
[16] E.G. Aggelopoulos,Mobile microwave sensor for detection of trapped human beings[C],1996.
[17]唐捷,高国华,雷达式煤矿救援生命探测系统[J],煤矿机电,2008.
[18]穆飞航,王健琪,叶勇,雷达式生命探测仪后端系统的研制[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[19] IKuo ARAI , Survivor Search Radar System for Persons Trapped under Earthquake Rubble[C],proceeding of APMC,2001.
[20] Kun-Mu Chen, Microwave Life-Detection Systems for Searching Human Subjects Under Earthquake Rubble or Behind Barrier[C],IEEE Transa ctions on biomedical eningeering,2000.
[21]陈宇杰,王健琪,雷达式生命探测仪中强杂波对消技术的仿真研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[22] Huey-Ru Chuang,Automatic Clutter-Canceler for Microwave Life-Detection Systems[C],1991.
[23]李述为,高梅国,生命探测雷达回波信号处理与仿真[J],兵工学报,2008。
[24] Yanming Xiao,Frequency-Tuning Technique for Remote Detection of Heartbeat and Respiration Using Low-Power Double-Sideband Transmission in the Ka-Band[C],2006.
[25] J.M.Park,Wireless vital signal detection systems and its applications at 1.9GHz and 10GHz[C],2003.
[26]薛向锋,陈治平,生命探测雷达回波对消搜索算法研究[J]。信号与信息处理,2007.
[27]叶结松,陈治平,穿墙生命探测雷达强回波对消最优搜索算法研究[J],中国电子科学研究学报,2008.
[28]张杨,非接触生命探测系统中干扰抑制技术的研究[D],第四军医大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[29]张杨,王健琪,生命探测中基于双天线环境干扰抑制技术研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[30]顾昌展,基于微波多普勒方法的非接触生命信号探测[D],浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[31]詹鹏,DSP在雷达生命探测系统中的应用研究[D],成都理工大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[32]张杨,王健琪,生命探测仪电池电量检测电路的设计[J],医疗卫生装备,2006.
[33]李杰,王健琪,非接触生命参数检测系统扫描探测技术的研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[34]于丹洋,王健琪,PDA在雷达生命探测仪中的应用研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2007.
[35]路国华,杨国胜,雷达式生命探测仪中人体数量识别技术的研究[J],北京生物医学工程,2005.
[36] David.D.Ferris,NicholasC.Currie Microwave and millimeter-wavesystemsfor wall penetration[C],1998.
[37]史林,姜敏,基于谐波模型的生命探测雷达人体状态识别方法[J]。西安电子科技大学学报,2005.
[38]杨东,基于非接触生命参数检测系统的信号处理技术研究[D],第四军医大学学位论文,2005.
[39]李建军,生命探测雷达信号处理算法研究[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[40] P.A.Mahoney,Heartbeat Detection in a microwave monitor using an adaptive least squares lattice filter[C],2000.
[41]王昭,孔令讲,穿墙探测雷达的直达波抑制[J],现代电子技术,2008.
[42]田洪涛,生命探测技术的研究[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[43]李建军,小波变换在生命信号提取中的应用[J],电子工程师,2005.
[44]牛犇,生命探测雷达信号识别方法研究[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[45]黄莉,史林,基于提升算法的低速目标信号提取与生命信号检测应用[J],电子科技,2004.
[46] A.Izadi,Design and Simulation of a Life Detection System Based on Detection of the Heart Beat Using Dopler Frequency[C].2006
[47] Wang Jian qi, lin hui A New Mehtod for Identifying the Life Parameters via Radar[C],2007.
[48]左强,生命探测雷达信号处理硬件设计[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[49]韩晶晶,伪码调相连续波体制的TWS探测器研究[D],南京理工大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[50]文汀,王健琪,基于C8051F120的雷达式生命探测仪后端系统的研制[J],医疗卫生装备,2006.
[51]叶勇,基于DSP的雷达式非接触生命探测仪信号处理系统研制[D],第四军医大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[52]叶勇,王健琪,基于DSP的非接触生命探测系统中信号处理单元的研制[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[53] Enrico.M, UWB Radars in Medicine[C],2002.
[2]王绪本,郭勇,王娇,基于声波与振动探测的地震灾害生命搜索系统信号分析,工程地球物理学报[C],2005。
[3] D.Misra, K.M.Chen. Responses of electric-field probes near a cylindrical model of the human body[C],Theory and Tech.1995.
[4] David.D.Ferris,NicholasC.Currie.A survey of current technologies for through-the-wall surveillance[C],Conference on Sensors.1998.
[5]游林儒,吴庆家,文小琴,基于超低频电磁波的穿墙生命探测技术,传感器与微系统[J],2008.
[6]林生,孙强,现代隔墙探测技术扫描[J],军事工程,2006.
[7] EugeneF.Greneker,.Radar Flashlight for through-the-wall detection of humans[C], Part of SPIE Conference on Targets and Backgrouds.1998.
[8]罗漫江,生命探测仪的技术研究[D],西安电子科技大学,2004.
[9]王健琪,郑崇勋,荆西京,基于毫米波的非接触生命参数检测系统的研制[J],航天医学与医学工程,2004.
[10]余晶,周觅,穿墙雷达中的多目标探测研究[C],成都信息工程学院学报,2008.
[11]宋华,李禹,超宽带穿墙探测雷达的运动目标检测技术[J],电讯技术,2004.
[12] Alexander S. Bugaev,Mathematical Simulation of Remote Detection of Human Breathing and Heartbeat by Multifrequency Radar on the Background of Local Objects Reflections[C],2005.
[13]李刚,LFMCW生命探测雷达信号处理技术研究[D],西北工业大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[14] A.S.Bugaev ,Through Wall Sensing of human breathing and heart beating by monochromatic radar,tenth internation conference on ground penetrating radar[C],2004.
[15]邱力军,董秀珍,生命探测系统中频信号的采样准则和频谱特性[J],第四军医大学学报,2003.
[16] E.G. Aggelopoulos,Mobile microwave sensor for detection of trapped human beings[C],1996.
[17]唐捷,高国华,雷达式煤矿救援生命探测系统[J],煤矿机电,2008.
[18]穆飞航,王健琪,叶勇,雷达式生命探测仪后端系统的研制[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[19] IKuo ARAI , Survivor Search Radar System for Persons Trapped under Earthquake Rubble[C],proceeding of APMC,2001.
[20] Kun-Mu Chen, Microwave Life-Detection Systems for Searching Human Subjects Under Earthquake Rubble or Behind Barrier[C],IEEE Transa ctions on biomedical eningeering,2000.
[21]陈宇杰,王健琪,雷达式生命探测仪中强杂波对消技术的仿真研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[22] Huey-Ru Chuang,Automatic Clutter-Canceler for Microwave Life-Detection Systems[C],1991.
[23]李述为,高梅国,生命探测雷达回波信号处理与仿真[J],兵工学报,2008。
[24] Yanming Xiao,Frequency-Tuning Technique for Remote Detection of Heartbeat and Respiration Using Low-Power Double-Sideband Transmission in the Ka-Band[C],2006.
[25] J.M.Park,Wireless vital signal detection systems and its applications at 1.9GHz and 10GHz[C],2003.
[26]薛向锋,陈治平,生命探测雷达回波对消搜索算法研究[J]。信号与信息处理,2007.
[27]叶结松,陈治平,穿墙生命探测雷达强回波对消最优搜索算法研究[J],中国电子科学研究学报,2008.
[28]张杨,非接触生命探测系统中干扰抑制技术的研究[D],第四军医大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[29]张杨,王健琪,生命探测中基于双天线环境干扰抑制技术研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[30]顾昌展,基于微波多普勒方法的非接触生命信号探测[D],浙江大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[31]詹鹏,DSP在雷达生命探测系统中的应用研究[D],成都理工大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[32]张杨,王健琪,生命探测仪电池电量检测电路的设计[J],医疗卫生装备,2006.
[33]李杰,王健琪,非接触生命参数检测系统扫描探测技术的研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2005.
[34]于丹洋,王健琪,PDA在雷达生命探测仪中的应用研究[J],医疗卫生装备,2007.
[35]路国华,杨国胜,雷达式生命探测仪中人体数量识别技术的研究[J],北京生物医学工程,2005.
[36] David.D.Ferris,NicholasC.Currie Microwave and millimeter-wavesystemsfor wall penetration[C],1998.
[37]史林,姜敏,基于谐波模型的生命探测雷达人体状态识别方法[J]。西安电子科技大学学报,2005.
[38]杨东,基于非接触生命参数检测系统的信号处理技术研究[D],第四军医大学学位论文,2005.
[39]李建军,生命探测雷达信号处理算法研究[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[40] P.A.Mahoney,Heartbeat Detection in a microwave monitor using an adaptive least squares lattice filter[C],2000.
[41]王昭,孔令讲,穿墙探测雷达的直达波抑制[J],现代电子技术,2008.
[42]田洪涛,生命探测技术的研究[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2003.
[43]李建军,小波变换在生命信号提取中的应用[J],电子工程师,2005.
[44]牛犇,生命探测雷达信号识别方法研究[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[45]黄莉,史林,基于提升算法的低速目标信号提取与生命信号检测应用[J],电子科技,2004.
[46] A.Izadi,Design and Simulation of a Life Detection System Based on Detection of the Heart Beat Using Dopler Frequency[C].2006
[47] Wang Jian qi, lin hui A New Mehtod for Identifying the Life Parameters via Radar[C],2007.
[48]左强,生命探测雷达信号处理硬件设计[D],西安电子科技大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[49]韩晶晶,伪码调相连续波体制的TWS探测器研究[D],南京理工大学硕士学位论文,2007.
[50]文汀,王健琪,基于C8051F120的雷达式生命探测仪后端系统的研制[J],医疗卫生装备,2006.
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