砂质土隧道围岩力学参数及分级方法研究
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摘要
目前我国正处于基础设施建设的大发展时期,各种交通土建工程如高速公路、高速铁路、城市地铁等的建设已全面展开。在隧道及地下工程中所面临的安全、环境、经济和人文等各种技术问题也越来越多,对能保证以上问题解决的各种规范和标准的要求也越来越高,许多目前应用的技术规范都面临着技术更新和完善的问题。由于我国目前所使用的有关隧道及地下工程围岩分级标准中,对土质隧道围岩分级所使用的指标大多是定性的,在使用上具有主观性,分级的准确性较差。提出明确的、能较全面反映围岩稳定性的、易于操作的土质隧道围岩分级指标,是迫切需要解决的问题。因此,本文针对土质隧道围岩分级中亟待解决的几个重点问题,对砂质土围岩分级体系进行了系统的研究,其工作具体体现在以下几个方面:
1.通过国内外大量砂质土围岩分级指标资料的调研和统计分析,建立了比较符合工程实际的砂质土围岩分级指标体系,并给出了各指标的获取方法。
2.以砂质土围岩自稳性为研究基础,通过室内土工试验,利用数理统计和数据曲线图的方法,研究了砂质土围岩分级指标的各种组合情况对力学指标的影响规律,得出了利用围岩分级指标值来评定力学指标值的方法。在此基础上,将分级指标值进行分段组合。
3.提出了能综合反映砂质土围岩力学性能的砂质土围岩基本质量指标SBQ的定义。根据土工实验结果,利用数据曲线图、回归分析及聚类分析等数理统计方法,研究了SBQ值与砂质土围岩基本分级指标以及砂质土围岩力学参数之间的关系,得到了利用基本分级指标组合预测SBQ值,以及利用SBQ值来预测砂质土围岩物理力学指标值的定量表达式。
4.提出利用砂质土围岩基本质量指标SBQ值作为评定基准,将分级指标值分段组合进行自稳性分组。以弹性力学中洞室开挖跨度与洞室周边位移的基尔西公式为理论依据,通过有限差分法数值模拟、相似模型试验等方法,获得了砂质土围岩自稳性。
5.将所得的各组围岩自稳跨度数值与现行规范所提供的围岩分级标准对应,得到了砂质土围岩分级理论标准。将指标组合分组与理论标准对应,得到了砂质土围岩组合定性分级实用标准;根据土工试验结果,提出利用SBQ值作为稳定性分级的判别基准,得到了砂质土围岩综合定量分级实用标准。
6.通过大量资料调研及室内土工试验,得到了砂质土各级围岩物理力学指标值。
7.基于双车道公路隧道围岩自稳性研究成果,通过国内相关资料的调研分析及数值模拟分析,经过计算调整,确定了一套砂质土双车道公路隧道的设计参数。
8.根据调研资料,对砂质土围岩分级方法的正确性进行了验证。
Chinese Infrastructure now is coming through a cosmically development period. Varieties of transportation projects such as express high ways, high speed railways, city underground are under construction. Technical problems related to security, environments, economy and humanity are increasing in tunnel and underground engineering. Accordingly, rules and regulations, which are made to guarantee the solution of these problems, are becoming strict. Many technical criteria in using are requiring updating and perfecting. Because of its qualitativeness and subjectiveness, the criteria of surrounding rock mass classification for the soil tunnel and underground engineering in China are far from accuracy. It is in an urgent need to advance an explicit and user- friendly index system of soil surrounding rock mass classification of tunnel which can comprehensively show the stability of surrounding rock. Thereby, aiming at the solution of major problems in rock mass classification of sandy tunnel, this thesis makes a systemic research on rock mass classification of sandy tunnel and arrives at conclusions as follows:
1. A new and more practical index system of sandy surrounding rock classification is established by great quantities of investigation and statistical analysis of domestic and overseas information. The method of acquiring each index of system is also introduced.
2. Effect of the index value combination of sandy surrounding rock mass classification on the index of the sandy rock's mechanics is studied and the method of assessing the value of the mechanics index by using the index of classification is educed based on the study on the stability of the sandy surrounding rock, indoor soil experiments, statistical method and data graph method. Values of subsections of classification index are grouped.
3. The definition of the sandy surrounding rock basic quality (SBQ) generally reflecting the mechanics capability of the sandy surrounding rock is advanced. Based on the results of soil experiments, the quantitative expressions of forecasting SBQ by the basic indexes value combinations and the values of the physical mechanical indexes by SBQ is received by studying on the relation between them by using statistical method and data graph method.
4. The values of subsections of classification index are grouped and using sandy surrounding rock basic quality (SBQ) as benchmark to group the stability of the subsections. Based on the theory of the G.Kirsch's formula about excavated span of tunnel and the displacement around the tunnel in elasticity mechanics the stability of sandy surrounding rock is produced by numerical value simulation in the method of Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua(FLAC) and the similitude model tests.
5. The combinatorial qualitative applied criteria of the classification is gained by comparison between each subsection of sandy surrounding rock's basic steady excavated span and the academic standard of surrounding rock mass classification provided by the active criteria; According to the results of the indoor soil experiments, the differentiate benchmark of the stability classification by using SBQ is put forward and the integrative quantificational applied criteria of the classification is produced.
6. The values of the physical mechanical index of all levels of the sandy surrounding rock is gained by indoor soil experiments and great quantities of data investigation.
7. A system of structural design parameter for all levels of sandy surrounding rock of the double lane highway tunnel is established by analysis and investigation of domestic and overseas information, and the method of numerical value simulation based on the research results of the stability of the sandy surrounding rock of the double lane highway tunnel.
8. The validity of the method of the classification of the sandy surrounding rock is validated based on the investigation information.
1.通过国内外大量砂质土围岩分级指标资料的调研和统计分析,建立了比较符合工程实际的砂质土围岩分级指标体系,并给出了各指标的获取方法。
2.以砂质土围岩自稳性为研究基础,通过室内土工试验,利用数理统计和数据曲线图的方法,研究了砂质土围岩分级指标的各种组合情况对力学指标的影响规律,得出了利用围岩分级指标值来评定力学指标值的方法。在此基础上,将分级指标值进行分段组合。
3.提出了能综合反映砂质土围岩力学性能的砂质土围岩基本质量指标SBQ的定义。根据土工实验结果,利用数据曲线图、回归分析及聚类分析等数理统计方法,研究了SBQ值与砂质土围岩基本分级指标以及砂质土围岩力学参数之间的关系,得到了利用基本分级指标组合预测SBQ值,以及利用SBQ值来预测砂质土围岩物理力学指标值的定量表达式。
4.提出利用砂质土围岩基本质量指标SBQ值作为评定基准,将分级指标值分段组合进行自稳性分组。以弹性力学中洞室开挖跨度与洞室周边位移的基尔西公式为理论依据,通过有限差分法数值模拟、相似模型试验等方法,获得了砂质土围岩自稳性。
5.将所得的各组围岩自稳跨度数值与现行规范所提供的围岩分级标准对应,得到了砂质土围岩分级理论标准。将指标组合分组与理论标准对应,得到了砂质土围岩组合定性分级实用标准;根据土工试验结果,提出利用SBQ值作为稳定性分级的判别基准,得到了砂质土围岩综合定量分级实用标准。
6.通过大量资料调研及室内土工试验,得到了砂质土各级围岩物理力学指标值。
7.基于双车道公路隧道围岩自稳性研究成果,通过国内相关资料的调研分析及数值模拟分析,经过计算调整,确定了一套砂质土双车道公路隧道的设计参数。
8.根据调研资料,对砂质土围岩分级方法的正确性进行了验证。
Chinese Infrastructure now is coming through a cosmically development period. Varieties of transportation projects such as express high ways, high speed railways, city underground are under construction. Technical problems related to security, environments, economy and humanity are increasing in tunnel and underground engineering. Accordingly, rules and regulations, which are made to guarantee the solution of these problems, are becoming strict. Many technical criteria in using are requiring updating and perfecting. Because of its qualitativeness and subjectiveness, the criteria of surrounding rock mass classification for the soil tunnel and underground engineering in China are far from accuracy. It is in an urgent need to advance an explicit and user- friendly index system of soil surrounding rock mass classification of tunnel which can comprehensively show the stability of surrounding rock. Thereby, aiming at the solution of major problems in rock mass classification of sandy tunnel, this thesis makes a systemic research on rock mass classification of sandy tunnel and arrives at conclusions as follows:
1. A new and more practical index system of sandy surrounding rock classification is established by great quantities of investigation and statistical analysis of domestic and overseas information. The method of acquiring each index of system is also introduced.
2. Effect of the index value combination of sandy surrounding rock mass classification on the index of the sandy rock's mechanics is studied and the method of assessing the value of the mechanics index by using the index of classification is educed based on the study on the stability of the sandy surrounding rock, indoor soil experiments, statistical method and data graph method. Values of subsections of classification index are grouped.
3. The definition of the sandy surrounding rock basic quality (SBQ) generally reflecting the mechanics capability of the sandy surrounding rock is advanced. Based on the results of soil experiments, the quantitative expressions of forecasting SBQ by the basic indexes value combinations and the values of the physical mechanical indexes by SBQ is received by studying on the relation between them by using statistical method and data graph method.
4. The values of subsections of classification index are grouped and using sandy surrounding rock basic quality (SBQ) as benchmark to group the stability of the subsections. Based on the theory of the G.Kirsch's formula about excavated span of tunnel and the displacement around the tunnel in elasticity mechanics the stability of sandy surrounding rock is produced by numerical value simulation in the method of Fast Lagrangian Analysis of Continua(FLAC) and the similitude model tests.
5. The combinatorial qualitative applied criteria of the classification is gained by comparison between each subsection of sandy surrounding rock's basic steady excavated span and the academic standard of surrounding rock mass classification provided by the active criteria; According to the results of the indoor soil experiments, the differentiate benchmark of the stability classification by using SBQ is put forward and the integrative quantificational applied criteria of the classification is produced.
6. The values of the physical mechanical index of all levels of the sandy surrounding rock is gained by indoor soil experiments and great quantities of data investigation.
7. A system of structural design parameter for all levels of sandy surrounding rock of the double lane highway tunnel is established by analysis and investigation of domestic and overseas information, and the method of numerical value simulation based on the research results of the stability of the sandy surrounding rock of the double lane highway tunnel.
8. The validity of the method of the classification of the sandy surrounding rock is validated based on the investigation information.
引文
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