干熄焦钢框架的可靠性评定与加固技术研究
|
摘要
干熄焦属于国际焦炭生产中的先进工艺，我国仅宝钢引入，其建筑结构为钢框架，结构形式非常特殊，由日本设计和制作。论文围绕宝钢一期干熄焦钢框架，对其可靠性和加固技术进行了系统的研究。首先，对钢框架进行了全面的调查和检测，包括钢框架的外观状况、变形、吊车梁应变、吊车轮压和水平荷载、框架动力特性和动力反应等，掌握了该类钢框架在实际使用过程中的具体特性和状况，并提出吊车轮压和水平荷载的测试方案和推断方法。其次，通过对测试结果和结构具体形式、构造的分析，建立了更符合实际的钢框架力学分析模型；通过对测试结果和国内外规范的对比分析，确定了钢框架上的荷载和荷载组合方式，其中对吊车荷载取值方法的讨论可为改进我国的荷载规范提供参考；根据所建立的分析模型，利用空间有限元等方法对钢框架的力学性能进行了静力和动力分析，并对构件的承载力进行了校核，揭示了钢框架力学性能方面所存在的缺陷。第三，根据检测和计算结果，对钢框架的位移和振动、框架高差、吊车梁挠度和应变等进行了全面的分析，特别对吊车梁系统的损伤原因进行了深入分析，揭示了制动杆件断裂、上翼缘磨损、轨道窜动、柱异常倾斜等一系列损伤现象的原因，对于改进干熄焦钢框架的设计有着直接的指导意义。第四，根据结构体系可靠性的基本原理，提出和建立了多层钢框架可靠性评定的基本体系，提出按传力路径评定钢框架体系可靠性的三分点法，并对干熄焦钢框架的可靠性进行了完整的评定，它们可改进现行国家标准的可靠性评定
方法，并为增加多层框架的可靠性评定方法提供参考。最后，针对一期干熄焦钢框
架所存在的上要问题，论证和制定了结构加固的具体方案，并通过加固后实际结构
的力学分析和动力测试，检验了结构加固的实际效果。
论文研究内容和结果对于宝钢二期、三期干熄焦钢框架的可靠性评定和维修。
加固具有直接的指导意义，并可为该类框架的结构设计提供参考，推动干熄焦丁一艺
的州十一。论义针对【炼焦钢批架这种特殊n复杂的结构形式所提出的纠构体系。。厂订
J’1一计人人一九，对厂改进我口＊前的结构。。J一靠性评定方法k具有一定的价鉴作风】。
The coke made by dry flameout that is only adopted by Bao-Steel in china is an advanced technics of producing cokes. It architectural structure that is designed and made by Japan is the steel frame, which is very complicated. This paper makes the systemic studies on reliability and reinforceable techinique about steel frame of coke made by dry flame-out of Bao-Steel. Firstly, the steel frame is generally investigated and inspected, including the surface status, distortion, strain of the crane-beam, horizontal load and wheel-stress of the crane, dynamic characteristic and reaction of tne frame, so on. In this way. the particular status and characteristic of this kind of steel frame are mastered. And the testing scheme and the concluding way of horizontal load and wheel-stress of the crane are put forward. Secondly, by analyzing the testing results and the particular form and constitution of structure, the mechanical analytical model of the steel frame that is more fit for facts is established; by analyzing th
e testing results and the many country criterions, the load and the combinatorial mode of load of the steel frame are confirmed, which the studies on the load of the crane can help improve on our country' criterions about load; in term of the established model, the dynamic analyse and static analyse about the mechanical capability of the steel frame is carried out, in the more the carrying
capacity of members is checkouted and the disfigurement of the mechanical capability of the steel frame is also open out. Thirdly, in term of the results of testing and calculation, the displacement and libration, the difference of altitude, the flexibility and strain of crane-beams are all generally analysed, especially the reason why the crane-beams are attaint is lucubrated, and the reasons why the trigging pole is ruptured, the upper wingspan is damaged, the orbital movement, the exceptional incline of colums are open out, which has instructional significances that improve the design of the steel frame of the coke made by dry flameout. Fourthly, in term of the basal theory of the reliability of structural system, the basal system assessing the reliability of the multiplayer steel frame is put forward and established; the trichotomy that is a way basal system assessing the reliability of the steel frame according as the route of transferring forces and assessing the reliability of the steel frame of coke made by dry flameout, which can improve the the assessing ways on the reliability of our country criterion and add the assessing ways on the reliability of the multiplayer steel frame. Lastly, aimming at the problem lieing in the steel frame of the coke made by dry flameout that is build firstly, the particular project reinforcing structure is mode and the factful results is validated by the mechanical analyse and dynamic test of the factful structure that is reinforced.
It has direct instructional significance to the assess, maintain and reinforce the steel frame of the coke made by dry flameout that is build secondly, thirdly that the content and result are studied in this paper, which can also help improve the design about this kind of frame and promote the prevalence of the coke made by dry flameout. The way assessing the structural reliability that is put forward according as the steel frame of the
coke made by dry flameout this is especial and complicated has definite help to improve the ways assessing the structural reliability that is used as present in our country.
方法，并为增加多层框架的可靠性评定方法提供参考。最后，针对一期干熄焦钢框
架所存在的上要问题，论证和制定了结构加固的具体方案，并通过加固后实际结构
的力学分析和动力测试，检验了结构加固的实际效果。
论文研究内容和结果对于宝钢二期、三期干熄焦钢框架的可靠性评定和维修。
加固具有直接的指导意义，并可为该类框架的结构设计提供参考，推动干熄焦丁一艺
的州十一。论义针对【炼焦钢批架这种特殊n复杂的结构形式所提出的纠构体系。。厂订
J’1一计人人一九，对厂改进我口＊前的结构。。J一靠性评定方法k具有一定的价鉴作风】。
The coke made by dry flameout that is only adopted by Bao-Steel in china is an advanced technics of producing cokes. It architectural structure that is designed and made by Japan is the steel frame, which is very complicated. This paper makes the systemic studies on reliability and reinforceable techinique about steel frame of coke made by dry flame-out of Bao-Steel. Firstly, the steel frame is generally investigated and inspected, including the surface status, distortion, strain of the crane-beam, horizontal load and wheel-stress of the crane, dynamic characteristic and reaction of tne frame, so on. In this way. the particular status and characteristic of this kind of steel frame are mastered. And the testing scheme and the concluding way of horizontal load and wheel-stress of the crane are put forward. Secondly, by analyzing the testing results and the particular form and constitution of structure, the mechanical analytical model of the steel frame that is more fit for facts is established; by analyzing th
e testing results and the many country criterions, the load and the combinatorial mode of load of the steel frame are confirmed, which the studies on the load of the crane can help improve on our country' criterions about load; in term of the established model, the dynamic analyse and static analyse about the mechanical capability of the steel frame is carried out, in the more the carrying
capacity of members is checkouted and the disfigurement of the mechanical capability of the steel frame is also open out. Thirdly, in term of the results of testing and calculation, the displacement and libration, the difference of altitude, the flexibility and strain of crane-beams are all generally analysed, especially the reason why the crane-beams are attaint is lucubrated, and the reasons why the trigging pole is ruptured, the upper wingspan is damaged, the orbital movement, the exceptional incline of colums are open out, which has instructional significances that improve the design of the steel frame of the coke made by dry flameout. Fourthly, in term of the basal theory of the reliability of structural system, the basal system assessing the reliability of the multiplayer steel frame is put forward and established; the trichotomy that is a way basal system assessing the reliability of the steel frame according as the route of transferring forces and assessing the reliability of the steel frame of coke made by dry flameout, which can improve the the assessing ways on the reliability of our country criterion and add the assessing ways on the reliability of the multiplayer steel frame. Lastly, aimming at the problem lieing in the steel frame of the coke made by dry flameout that is build firstly, the particular project reinforcing structure is mode and the factful results is validated by the mechanical analyse and dynamic test of the factful structure that is reinforced.
It has direct instructional significance to the assess, maintain and reinforce the steel frame of the coke made by dry flameout that is build secondly, thirdly that the content and result are studied in this paper, which can also help improve the design about this kind of frame and promote the prevalence of the coke made by dry flameout. The way assessing the structural reliability that is put forward according as the steel frame of the
coke made by dry flameout this is especial and complicated has definite help to improve the ways assessing the structural reliability that is used as present in our country.
引文
[1] 国家标准．民用建筑可靠性鉴定标准GB50292-1999．
[2] 国家标准．工业厂房可靠性鉴定标准GBJ144-90．
[3] 国家标准．建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准GB50068—2001．
[4] 国际标准．结构可靠性总原则ISO 2394．
[5] 国家标准．建筑抗震设计规范GB 50011-2001．
[6] 国家标准．砌体结构设计规范GB 50003-2001．
[7] 国家标准．建筑结构荷载规范GB 50009-2001．
[8] 罗邦富，魏明钟，沈祖炎，陈明辉．钢结构设计手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1989．
[9] 北京钢铁设计研究总院，华北冶金矿山建设公司设计研究院．钢筋混凝土构造手册．北京：冶金工业出版社，1988．
[10] 《砌体结构设计手册》编写组．砌体结构设计手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1994．
[11] 赵熙元，柴昶，武人岱．建筑钢结构设计手册(上、下)．北京：冶金工业出版社，1995．
[12] 国家标准．建筑地基基础设计规范GBJ 7-89
[13] 国家标准．建筑地基基础设计规范GB 50007-2002．
[14] 国家标准．建筑桩基技术规范JGJ 94-94
[15] 国家标准．混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范GB50204-2002．
[16] 国家标准．混凝土结构设计规范GB50010-2002．
[17] 国家标准．多层厂房楼盖抗微振设计规范GB50190-93．
[18] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．砖混结构房屋加层技术规范CECS78：96．
[19] 行业标准．建筑变形测量规范 JGJ／T8-97．
[20] 中国机械工业教育协会．建筑工程测量．北京：机械工业出版社2001．
[21] 行业标准．建筑抗震试验方法规程JGJ101-96．
[22] 国家标准．钢结构工程施工质量验收规范GB50205-2001．
[23] 何肇弘，胡士耀．既有建筑物质量检验与可靠性评定．北京：中国铁道出版社，1992．
[24] 陈绍蕃．钢结构设计原理．北京：科学出版社，2002．
[25] 沈祖炎，陈扬骥．钢结构基本原理．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000．
[26] 滕智明，罗福午．钢筋混凝土基本构件(第二版)．北京：清华大学出版社．1987．
[27] 童岳生，梁兴文．钢筋混凝土构件设计．北京：科学文献出版社．1995．
[28] 邸小坛，周燕等．旧建筑物的检测加固与维护．北京：地震出版社，1991．
[29] 龚洛书，柳春圃等．混凝土的耐久性及其防护修补．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990．
[30] G.J.Al-Sulamahi. Influence of Corrosion and Cracking on Bond behavier and Strength of Reinfored Concrete members.ACI Structural Journal,1990(3-4).
[31] 行业标准．回弹法检测混凝土抗压强度技术规程JGJ／T23-2001．
[32] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．钻芯法检测混凝土强度技术规程CECS03：88．
[33] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．超声法检测混凝土缺陷技术规程CECS21：2000．
[34] 土木工程测试技术手册编委会．《土木工程测试技术手册》．上海：同济大学出版社．1999．
[35] Vagelis G. P. etc. Physical and Chemical Characteristic Affecting the Durability of Concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 1991(4).
[36] 国家建筑工程质量监督检验中心主编．《混凝土无损检测技术》．北京：中国建材工业出版社．1996．
[37] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．《钢结构加固技术规范》CECS77：96．
[38] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．《混凝土结构加固技术规范》CECS25：90．
[39] 行业标准．《钢结构检测评定及加固技术规程》YB927-96．
[2] 国家标准．工业厂房可靠性鉴定标准GBJ144-90．
[3] 国家标准．建筑结构可靠度设计统一标准GB50068—2001．
[4] 国际标准．结构可靠性总原则ISO 2394．
[5] 国家标准．建筑抗震设计规范GB 50011-2001．
[6] 国家标准．砌体结构设计规范GB 50003-2001．
[7] 国家标准．建筑结构荷载规范GB 50009-2001．
[8] 罗邦富，魏明钟，沈祖炎，陈明辉．钢结构设计手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1989．
[9] 北京钢铁设计研究总院，华北冶金矿山建设公司设计研究院．钢筋混凝土构造手册．北京：冶金工业出版社，1988．
[10] 《砌体结构设计手册》编写组．砌体结构设计手册．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1994．
[11] 赵熙元，柴昶，武人岱．建筑钢结构设计手册(上、下)．北京：冶金工业出版社，1995．
[12] 国家标准．建筑地基基础设计规范GBJ 7-89
[13] 国家标准．建筑地基基础设计规范GB 50007-2002．
[14] 国家标准．建筑桩基技术规范JGJ 94-94
[15] 国家标准．混凝土结构工程施工质量验收规范GB50204-2002．
[16] 国家标准．混凝土结构设计规范GB50010-2002．
[17] 国家标准．多层厂房楼盖抗微振设计规范GB50190-93．
[18] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．砖混结构房屋加层技术规范CECS78：96．
[19] 行业标准．建筑变形测量规范 JGJ／T8-97．
[20] 中国机械工业教育协会．建筑工程测量．北京：机械工业出版社2001．
[21] 行业标准．建筑抗震试验方法规程JGJ101-96．
[22] 国家标准．钢结构工程施工质量验收规范GB50205-2001．
[23] 何肇弘，胡士耀．既有建筑物质量检验与可靠性评定．北京：中国铁道出版社，1992．
[24] 陈绍蕃．钢结构设计原理．北京：科学出版社，2002．
[25] 沈祖炎，陈扬骥．钢结构基本原理．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，2000．
[26] 滕智明，罗福午．钢筋混凝土基本构件(第二版)．北京：清华大学出版社．1987．
[27] 童岳生，梁兴文．钢筋混凝土构件设计．北京：科学文献出版社．1995．
[28] 邸小坛，周燕等．旧建筑物的检测加固与维护．北京：地震出版社，1991．
[29] 龚洛书，柳春圃等．混凝土的耐久性及其防护修补．北京：中国建筑工业出版社，1990．
[30] G.J.Al-Sulamahi. Influence of Corrosion and Cracking on Bond behavier and Strength of Reinfored Concrete members.ACI Structural Journal,1990(3-4).
[31] 行业标准．回弹法检测混凝土抗压强度技术规程JGJ／T23-2001．
[32] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．钻芯法检测混凝土强度技术规程CECS03：88．
[33] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．超声法检测混凝土缺陷技术规程CECS21：2000．
[34] 土木工程测试技术手册编委会．《土木工程测试技术手册》．上海：同济大学出版社．1999．
[35] Vagelis G. P. etc. Physical and Chemical Characteristic Affecting the Durability of Concrete. ACI Materials Journal, 1991(4).
[36] 国家建筑工程质量监督检验中心主编．《混凝土无损检测技术》．北京：中国建材工业出版社．1996．
[37] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．《钢结构加固技术规范》CECS77：96．
[38] 中国工程建设标准化协会标准．《混凝土结构加固技术规范》CECS25：90．
[39] 行业标准．《钢结构检测评定及加固技术规程》YB927-96．