大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥吊装施工及监控技术研究
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摘要
钢管混凝土拱桥是我国近年来桥梁建筑发展的新技术,具有自重轻、强度大、抗变形能力强的优点。它较好地综合满足了修建桥梁所需求的用料省、安装重量轻、施工简便、承重能力大的诸多要求,是大跨度拱桥的一种比较理想的结构形式。
国外关于钢管混凝土结构的研究与应用已有近百年的历史,而国内则是从20世纪50年代开始研究,进入90年代以来,钢管混凝土作为一种新型的组合材料,由于其力学性能非常适合拱式结构,所以在桥梁工程领域得到广泛应用和迅猛发展。
本文主要研究大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的缆索扣吊系统的设计方法和以扣索索力与拱肋线形为目标的施工控制技术,主要内容如下:
1、从介绍拱桥的施工方法入手,简要分析了各种施工方法与适用范围,并指出钢管混凝土应用于拱桥向大跨度发展的施工问题。钢管混凝土拱桥施工方法实质上是劲性骨架方法和自架设方法。着重介绍了钢管骨架架设方法中的两种主要方法:缆索吊装法和转体施工法。
2、从小河大桥(主跨338m的上承式钢管混凝土拱桥)的主拱吊装方案设计着手,对缆索扣吊系统的缆索系统、塔架以及风缆等的设计和检算方法进行了探讨,确保吊装施工过程安全可靠。
3、以小河大桥为工程背景,借助ANSYS分析程序,将优化理论和有限元方法引入到钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋架设扣索索力调整计算,这样计算出的索力精度较高,既能确保结构的受力状态和变形始终处在安全范围内,又能保证架设和调整后的拱肋线形符合设计期望。
In our country, concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridges have become a new technology of the bridge construction in recent years. It has the merits of light deadweight, great strength and strong distortion-resistant capacity. It can preferably satisfy requirements such as less materials, light erection weight, simple construction, and great bearing capacity. It is a kind of more ideal structure form for long-span arch bridges.
The researches and applications about CFST structure have been taken about one hundred years in the world. But in China the researches have been taken since 1950s. Since 1990s, as a new-style combined material with favourable mechanical behaviour fit for arch bridges, CFST has been getting broad application and rapid development. The research in this thesis is concentrated on the design of the cable suspending-fastening system and construction control of fastening-cable forces and arch ring's shape for CFST long-span arch bridges. The main contents are summarized as follow:
1. Starting with the introduction of erection methods of arch bridges, different erection methods and their applicability are analyzed briefly. Accordingly, construction issues are pointed out when using CFST for long-span arch bridges. The erection methods of CFST arch bridges are substantially the rigid skeleton method and the self-spanning method. Two main methods of the cable crane-assembly method and the rotation method forming span of steel tube skeleton are emphasized.
2. Based on the construction of the Xiaohe Bridge, a deck CFST arch bridge with main span of 338m, the design, calculation and construction method for cable crane system, main pylon system, fasten and hang system are introduced respectively in this thesis.
3. On the project background of the Xiaohe Bridge, the optimizing theory and the FEM method are applied to the calculation of the fastening-cable forces in the process of craning construction of the steel-tube arch segment and construction error adjusting. The calculated optimum cable forces with high precision can guarantee the inner forces and the structure deformation in safe state, and ensure the line shape of the arch ring in accordance with design requirements as well.
国外关于钢管混凝土结构的研究与应用已有近百年的历史,而国内则是从20世纪50年代开始研究,进入90年代以来,钢管混凝土作为一种新型的组合材料,由于其力学性能非常适合拱式结构,所以在桥梁工程领域得到广泛应用和迅猛发展。
本文主要研究大跨度钢管混凝土拱桥的缆索扣吊系统的设计方法和以扣索索力与拱肋线形为目标的施工控制技术,主要内容如下:
1、从介绍拱桥的施工方法入手,简要分析了各种施工方法与适用范围,并指出钢管混凝土应用于拱桥向大跨度发展的施工问题。钢管混凝土拱桥施工方法实质上是劲性骨架方法和自架设方法。着重介绍了钢管骨架架设方法中的两种主要方法:缆索吊装法和转体施工法。
2、从小河大桥(主跨338m的上承式钢管混凝土拱桥)的主拱吊装方案设计着手,对缆索扣吊系统的缆索系统、塔架以及风缆等的设计和检算方法进行了探讨,确保吊装施工过程安全可靠。
3、以小河大桥为工程背景,借助ANSYS分析程序,将优化理论和有限元方法引入到钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋架设扣索索力调整计算,这样计算出的索力精度较高,既能确保结构的受力状态和变形始终处在安全范围内,又能保证架设和调整后的拱肋线形符合设计期望。
In our country, concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) arch bridges have become a new technology of the bridge construction in recent years. It has the merits of light deadweight, great strength and strong distortion-resistant capacity. It can preferably satisfy requirements such as less materials, light erection weight, simple construction, and great bearing capacity. It is a kind of more ideal structure form for long-span arch bridges.
The researches and applications about CFST structure have been taken about one hundred years in the world. But in China the researches have been taken since 1950s. Since 1990s, as a new-style combined material with favourable mechanical behaviour fit for arch bridges, CFST has been getting broad application and rapid development. The research in this thesis is concentrated on the design of the cable suspending-fastening system and construction control of fastening-cable forces and arch ring's shape for CFST long-span arch bridges. The main contents are summarized as follow:
1. Starting with the introduction of erection methods of arch bridges, different erection methods and their applicability are analyzed briefly. Accordingly, construction issues are pointed out when using CFST for long-span arch bridges. The erection methods of CFST arch bridges are substantially the rigid skeleton method and the self-spanning method. Two main methods of the cable crane-assembly method and the rotation method forming span of steel tube skeleton are emphasized.
2. Based on the construction of the Xiaohe Bridge, a deck CFST arch bridge with main span of 338m, the design, calculation and construction method for cable crane system, main pylon system, fasten and hang system are introduced respectively in this thesis.
3. On the project background of the Xiaohe Bridge, the optimizing theory and the FEM method are applied to the calculation of the fastening-cable forces in the process of craning construction of the steel-tube arch segment and construction error adjusting. The calculated optimum cable forces with high precision can guarantee the inner forces and the structure deformation in safe state, and ensure the line shape of the arch ring in accordance with design requirements as well.
引文
[1]蔡绍怀.钢管混凝土结构的计算与应用[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1989.
[2]蔡绍怀.钢管混凝土结构[[M].北京:中国建筑科学研究院,1992.
[3]蔡绍怀.钢管混凝土结构、钢与混凝土组合结构设计施工手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1993.
[4]蔡绍怀.高层建筑钢管混凝土结构[[J].建筑结构,1993(4).
[5]蔡绍怀.我国钢管混凝土结构技术的最新进展[J].土木工程学报,1999(4).
[6]钟善桐.钢管混凝土结构(修订版)[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江科学技术出版社,1994.
[7]蒋家奋、汤关柞.三向应力混凝土[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1988.
[8]陈宝春.钢管混凝土拱桥实例集(一)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002.
[9]陈宝春.钢管混凝土拱桥发展综述[J].桥梁建设,1997(2))p:8-12.
[10]胡玉山、吴清明.预应力系杆拱桥钢管混凝土拱桥—旺苍东河大桥[J1.西南公路,1990(3).
[11]白宝鸿编译.法国昂特那斯钢管拱桥[J].国外桥梁,1998(3).
[12]J.Manteroral Armisen,Composite arch bridges[J],Arch'01(Third International Arch Bridges Conference),Paris,19-21 Sept,2001
[13]John M.Kulicki,The Once and Future Steel Bridge[J],Transport Research Rcord 1696,paper No.5B0136
[14]周念先.桥梁方案比选[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[15]童林,夏桂云,吴美君,上官兴.钢管混凝土脱空的探讨[J].公路,2003(5).
[16]郑皆连.特大跨径RC拱桥悬拼合龙技术的探讨[J].中国公路学报,1999,12(1).
[17]郑皆连,徐风云,唐柏石等.广西邕宁邕江大桥千斤顶斜挂扣悬拼架设钢骨拱桁架施工仿真计算方法[A].中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程学会1996年桥梁学术讨论会论文集[C].北京:人民交通出版社,1996.
[18]王劼耘.邕宁邕江大桥钢骨拱桁架千斤顶斜挂扣悬拼架设工艺简介[A].中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程学会1996年桥梁学术讨论会论文集[C].北京:人民交通出版社,1996.
[19]万中茎,徐基伟,李文琪.万县长江大桥劲性骨架的安装[A].四川省公路学会桥 梁学术研计会论文集[C].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1996.
[20]中国铁道百科全书(工程与工务卷).北京:中国铁道出版社,2005
[21]钱冬生.科学地对待桥渡与桥梁.北京:中国铁道出版社,2003
[22]张联燕、程方、谭邦明、陈俊卿.桥梁转体施工.人民交通出版社,2002
[23]姚昌荣.大跨度桥梁施工控制理论与实践(硕士学位论文)[D].成都:西南交通大学,2004.
[24]姚昌荣,李亚东.钢管混凝土拱桥线形控制技术研究[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(10).
[25]公路桥涵设计通用规范(JTG D60-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[26]周水兴、江礼忠、曾忠.拱桥节段施工斜拉扣索索力仿真研究.重庆交通工程学院学报,2000.
[27]郑春玲、雷霆.某钢管拱桥拱肋悬拼中的扣索计算[J].桥梁建设,2001(4).
[38]周汉东、许晓锋、黄福伟.大跨径钢管混凝土拱桥钢管拱肋吊装施工控制[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1997(增刊).
[29]沈成武、杜国东、何雄军等.大跨径钢管混凝土拱桥吊装过程中的索力逆分析[J].武汉交通科技大学学报,1998,22(3).
[30]朱伯芳.有限单元法原理与应用[M].北京.中国水利水电出版社,1998.
[31]Kasuga,A,et al.Optimum cable-force adjustments in concrete cable-stayed bridge.Struct Engrg,ASCE,1995,121(4).
[32]Lu.Q,and XU,Y.Optimum tensioning of cable-stays.Proc.3rd EASEC[A],Shanghai,china,1991.
[33]汪树玉、杨德栓、刘国华.优化原理、方法与工程应用[M].杭州.浙江大学出版社,1991.
[34]S.Y.Wang,Y.B.Sun,R.H.Gallagher,Sensitivity Analysis in Shape Optimization of Continuum Structures[J];Computer & Stuctures,1985,Vol20.5
[35]博弈创作室.ANSYS 9.0经典产品高级分析技术与实例详解[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.10.
[36]张建民、郑皆连、秦荣.钢管混凝土拱桥节段施工中的扣索索力调整计算.中外公路,2002(4).
[37]陈亮、刘春生、吴慧君.钢管混凝土拱桥扣索施工及索力分析[J].武汉理工大学 学报,2003(6).
[38]王灿辉、周先雁、金文成、陈湘亮.某钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋悬索吊装中的扣索计算[J].湖南城市学院学报(自然科学版),2004,13(1).
[39]梁志广、李建中、石现峰.斜拉桥施工初始索力的确定[J].工程力学,2000,17(3).
[40]胡隽.斜拉桥几何非线形施工控制倒拆法正算法[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,1997,6
[41]马文田.混凝土斜拉桥的施工控制与索力调整[D].华南理工大学博士学位论文,1997.
[42]李乔.桥梁结构分析的计算机方法[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2000.96-103.
[43]葛耀军.分段施工桥梁分析与控制[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.71-75.
[44]刘涛,杨凤鹏等.ANSYS在土木工程中的应用实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.53-61.
[45]刘涛,杨凤鹏等.精通ANSYS[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.507-514.
[2]蔡绍怀.钢管混凝土结构[[M].北京:中国建筑科学研究院,1992.
[3]蔡绍怀.钢管混凝土结构、钢与混凝土组合结构设计施工手册[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1993.
[4]蔡绍怀.高层建筑钢管混凝土结构[[J].建筑结构,1993(4).
[5]蔡绍怀.我国钢管混凝土结构技术的最新进展[J].土木工程学报,1999(4).
[6]钟善桐.钢管混凝土结构(修订版)[M].哈尔滨:黑龙江科学技术出版社,1994.
[7]蒋家奋、汤关柞.三向应力混凝土[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1988.
[8]陈宝春.钢管混凝土拱桥实例集(一)[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2002.
[9]陈宝春.钢管混凝土拱桥发展综述[J].桥梁建设,1997(2))p:8-12.
[10]胡玉山、吴清明.预应力系杆拱桥钢管混凝土拱桥—旺苍东河大桥[J1.西南公路,1990(3).
[11]白宝鸿编译.法国昂特那斯钢管拱桥[J].国外桥梁,1998(3).
[12]J.Manteroral Armisen,Composite arch bridges[J],Arch'01(Third International Arch Bridges Conference),Paris,19-21 Sept,2001
[13]John M.Kulicki,The Once and Future Steel Bridge[J],Transport Research Rcord 1696,paper No.5B0136
[14]周念先.桥梁方案比选[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[15]童林,夏桂云,吴美君,上官兴.钢管混凝土脱空的探讨[J].公路,2003(5).
[16]郑皆连.特大跨径RC拱桥悬拼合龙技术的探讨[J].中国公路学报,1999,12(1).
[17]郑皆连,徐风云,唐柏石等.广西邕宁邕江大桥千斤顶斜挂扣悬拼架设钢骨拱桁架施工仿真计算方法[A].中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程学会1996年桥梁学术讨论会论文集[C].北京:人民交通出版社,1996.
[18]王劼耘.邕宁邕江大桥钢骨拱桁架千斤顶斜挂扣悬拼架设工艺简介[A].中国公路学会桥梁和结构工程学会1996年桥梁学术讨论会论文集[C].北京:人民交通出版社,1996.
[19]万中茎,徐基伟,李文琪.万县长江大桥劲性骨架的安装[A].四川省公路学会桥 梁学术研计会论文集[C].成都:西南交通大学出版社,1996.
[20]中国铁道百科全书(工程与工务卷).北京:中国铁道出版社,2005
[21]钱冬生.科学地对待桥渡与桥梁.北京:中国铁道出版社,2003
[22]张联燕、程方、谭邦明、陈俊卿.桥梁转体施工.人民交通出版社,2002
[23]姚昌荣.大跨度桥梁施工控制理论与实践(硕士学位论文)[D].成都:西南交通大学,2004.
[24]姚昌荣,李亚东.钢管混凝土拱桥线形控制技术研究[J].公路交通科技,2006,23(10).
[25]公路桥涵设计通用规范(JTG D60-2004)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2004
[26]周水兴、江礼忠、曾忠.拱桥节段施工斜拉扣索索力仿真研究.重庆交通工程学院学报,2000.
[27]郑春玲、雷霆.某钢管拱桥拱肋悬拼中的扣索计算[J].桥梁建设,2001(4).
[38]周汉东、许晓锋、黄福伟.大跨径钢管混凝土拱桥钢管拱肋吊装施工控制[J].哈尔滨建筑大学学报,1997(增刊).
[29]沈成武、杜国东、何雄军等.大跨径钢管混凝土拱桥吊装过程中的索力逆分析[J].武汉交通科技大学学报,1998,22(3).
[30]朱伯芳.有限单元法原理与应用[M].北京.中国水利水电出版社,1998.
[31]Kasuga,A,et al.Optimum cable-force adjustments in concrete cable-stayed bridge.Struct Engrg,ASCE,1995,121(4).
[32]Lu.Q,and XU,Y.Optimum tensioning of cable-stays.Proc.3rd EASEC[A],Shanghai,china,1991.
[33]汪树玉、杨德栓、刘国华.优化原理、方法与工程应用[M].杭州.浙江大学出版社,1991.
[34]S.Y.Wang,Y.B.Sun,R.H.Gallagher,Sensitivity Analysis in Shape Optimization of Continuum Structures[J];Computer & Stuctures,1985,Vol20.5
[35]博弈创作室.ANSYS 9.0经典产品高级分析技术与实例详解[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.10.
[36]张建民、郑皆连、秦荣.钢管混凝土拱桥节段施工中的扣索索力调整计算.中外公路,2002(4).
[37]陈亮、刘春生、吴慧君.钢管混凝土拱桥扣索施工及索力分析[J].武汉理工大学 学报,2003(6).
[38]王灿辉、周先雁、金文成、陈湘亮.某钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋悬索吊装中的扣索计算[J].湖南城市学院学报(自然科学版),2004,13(1).
[39]梁志广、李建中、石现峰.斜拉桥施工初始索力的确定[J].工程力学,2000,17(3).
[40]胡隽.斜拉桥几何非线形施工控制倒拆法正算法[D].西南交通大学硕士学位论文,1997,6
[41]马文田.混凝土斜拉桥的施工控制与索力调整[D].华南理工大学博士学位论文,1997.
[42]李乔.桥梁结构分析的计算机方法[M].成都:西南交通大学出版社,2000.96-103.
[43]葛耀军.分段施工桥梁分析与控制[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2003.71-75.
[44]刘涛,杨凤鹏等.ANSYS在土木工程中的应用实例[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,2005.53-61.
[45]刘涛,杨凤鹏等.精通ANSYS[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2002.507-514.