河北省基层农技推广区域站建设研究
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摘要
2003年,农业部等五部办在全国开展基层农技推广体系改革试点研究。农技推广区域站建设取得了一定的成效并成为此次改革的一大亮点,得到了相关部门的高度肯定和大力支持。2009年农业部下发了《关于加快推进乡镇或区域性农业技术推广机构改革与建设的意见》,并在全国770县市实施基层农技推广体系改革与建设示范县项目。2012年基层农技推广体系改革与建设示范县项目基本覆盖农业县(市),农技推广区域站是当前我国基层农技推广体系改革与发展的重要趋势。但由于受运行机制、运作模式、运行时间、推广人员、绩效评价、经费、硬件设施、以及牵涉到财政、人事等多个部门等因素影响,农技推广区域站建设中暴露了诸多机制不健全,服务能力薄弱等不尽如人意之处。且基层管理人员、推广人员也对区域站建设心存疑虑,褒贬不一。因此,深入研究基层农技推广区域站优劣,对推动基层农技推广体系的改革具有重要指导意义。
本文借鉴农业推广学、农村社会学、组织管理学、农业经济学等学科相关理论,采用理论与实证相结合的研究方法,以目前已运行的河北省基层农技推广区域站为研究对象,对基层农技推广区域站建设的必要性进行分析;采用简单统计方法对河北省基层农技推广区域站的推广运行现状进行描述;采用网络层次分析法、模糊综合评价等定量分析方法,从推广人员对区域站的满意度角度展开深入剖析,找出河北省基层农技推广区域站目前存在的共性及个性问题和障碍,并结合鹿泉模式的创新经验,提出进一步完善和优化河北省区域站建设的建议和对策,以期最大限度地发挥其推广服务能力,并为公益性基层农技推广体系改革提供决策参考。主要研究内容及结果如下:
1、对农技推广区域站建设的必要性进行了分析。农技推广区域站的建设符合农业发展形势和农业科技进步的需要;通过基层农技推广区域站与传统的乡镇农技推广站之间异同点的比较,分析出农技推广区域站的体制具有优越性。
2、采用基本统计方法,从基本建设、运行机制、服务手段、推广队伍几个方面对河北省区域站的整体情况进行了描述,从体制、硬件设施、推广人员的年龄、学历和服务情况等几个方面对样本点的情况进行了描述和比较,分析河北省基层农技推广域站存在资金短缺、人员数量不足、文化层次低等问题与不足。
3、运用网络层次分析法、模糊综合评价法进行推广人员对区域站满意度的评价,发现在推广人员对农技推广区域站满意度低的指标有工作环境、工作时间、工资待遇等。
4、对鹿泉模式的服务手段创新和组织管理创新进行探讨,总结鹿泉模式值得农技推广区域站借鉴的经验。
5、依据实证分析得出的结果,针对目前农技推广区域站存在的问题,从农技推广区域站内部和外部环境等方面相应提出进一步改进和完善区域站建设的对策建议。
In 2003, Ministry of Agriculture and others four departments had opened out the research of reform pilot of grass-roots agriculture extension system across our country. The construction of agriculture extension regional stations has got some achievements and become one of the highlights in this reform, and it received high reputation and strong support from relevant departments. In 2009,Ministry of Agriculture issued The Suggestion of accelerating propel the reformation and development of regional agriculture extension institution, and carried out the demonstration country item of the reformation and development of grass-roots agriculture extension system in 770 countries or cities across our country. By 2012, the demonstration country item of the reformation and development of grass-roots agriculture extension system almost covered all agricultural country (city). The agriculture extension regional station is the important tendency of the reformation and development of grass-roots agriculture extension system of our country nowadays. However, as the result of the influence of the mechanism, model and time of operation, extension staff, performance evaluation, outlay, hardware facilities, finance and personnel and so on, the construction of grass-roots agriculture extension regional station revealed many shortcomings such as mechanism is not perfect and service ability is limited etc. At the same time, grass-roots administrative personnel and extension personnel are suspected to the construction of regional station system as well. So it will have important guidance sense to deeply research the inherent value of grass-roots regional station for promoting the reformation of grass-roots agriculture extension system.
This paper used the theory related to agricultural extension science, rural sociology, organizational management, agricultural economy and other disciplines, and it combined the theoretical analysis with the empirical studies, and took grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station as the research object , to analyze the necessity of the construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station.This paper described the popularizing and running state of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province by the simple statistics methods, and it used some quantitative methods such as the analytic network process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to deeply analyze to find this problems of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station in Hebei province in the aspect of the satisfaction with extension stations. And this paper combined with the innovative experience of Luquan model, and brought some suggestion and countermeasures to further perfect and optimize the agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province, in order to make maximum play of its ability of extension service, and provide the decision-making reference for the reformation of public grass-roots agricultural technology extension system. The following are the main research contents and consequences of this paper.
1. This paper analyzed the necessity of the grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station. The construction of agricultural technology extension regional station is coincident with the need of situation of China's agricultural development and the requirements of agricultural science and technology progress. Through compared the similarities and differences between the grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station and traditional village and town agricultural technology extension station,it analyzed the advantages of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station.
2. This paper used the basic statistics methods to describe the whole situation of agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province in these aspects of essential construction, mechanism of operating, service means and extension team. And it described and compared the situation of several sample areas in aspects of system, hardware facilities, age and education background of extension personnel’s, and situation of service. And it analyzed general and individual obstacles existing in the grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province.
3. This paper used the methods of analytic network process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to analyze the satisfaction of extension personnel with grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station. And this paper find that these low indexes of degrees of satisfaction of extension staff for regional station include the work environment, working time and salary etc.
4. This paper explored the innovation of service means and organization management of Luquan model, and summarized the experiences of Luquan model that is worth to be adapted by others agricultural technology extension regional station.
5. According to the results of empirical analysis, the paper brought some countermeasures and suggestion to further improve and refine the construction of the regional station from the aspects of external and internal environment of agricultural technology extension regional station on the problems existing in grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station.
本文借鉴农业推广学、农村社会学、组织管理学、农业经济学等学科相关理论,采用理论与实证相结合的研究方法,以目前已运行的河北省基层农技推广区域站为研究对象,对基层农技推广区域站建设的必要性进行分析;采用简单统计方法对河北省基层农技推广区域站的推广运行现状进行描述;采用网络层次分析法、模糊综合评价等定量分析方法,从推广人员对区域站的满意度角度展开深入剖析,找出河北省基层农技推广区域站目前存在的共性及个性问题和障碍,并结合鹿泉模式的创新经验,提出进一步完善和优化河北省区域站建设的建议和对策,以期最大限度地发挥其推广服务能力,并为公益性基层农技推广体系改革提供决策参考。主要研究内容及结果如下:
1、对农技推广区域站建设的必要性进行了分析。农技推广区域站的建设符合农业发展形势和农业科技进步的需要;通过基层农技推广区域站与传统的乡镇农技推广站之间异同点的比较,分析出农技推广区域站的体制具有优越性。
2、采用基本统计方法,从基本建设、运行机制、服务手段、推广队伍几个方面对河北省区域站的整体情况进行了描述,从体制、硬件设施、推广人员的年龄、学历和服务情况等几个方面对样本点的情况进行了描述和比较,分析河北省基层农技推广域站存在资金短缺、人员数量不足、文化层次低等问题与不足。
3、运用网络层次分析法、模糊综合评价法进行推广人员对区域站满意度的评价,发现在推广人员对农技推广区域站满意度低的指标有工作环境、工作时间、工资待遇等。
4、对鹿泉模式的服务手段创新和组织管理创新进行探讨,总结鹿泉模式值得农技推广区域站借鉴的经验。
5、依据实证分析得出的结果,针对目前农技推广区域站存在的问题,从农技推广区域站内部和外部环境等方面相应提出进一步改进和完善区域站建设的对策建议。
In 2003, Ministry of Agriculture and others four departments had opened out the research of reform pilot of grass-roots agriculture extension system across our country. The construction of agriculture extension regional stations has got some achievements and become one of the highlights in this reform, and it received high reputation and strong support from relevant departments. In 2009,Ministry of Agriculture issued The Suggestion of accelerating propel the reformation and development of regional agriculture extension institution, and carried out the demonstration country item of the reformation and development of grass-roots agriculture extension system in 770 countries or cities across our country. By 2012, the demonstration country item of the reformation and development of grass-roots agriculture extension system almost covered all agricultural country (city). The agriculture extension regional station is the important tendency of the reformation and development of grass-roots agriculture extension system of our country nowadays. However, as the result of the influence of the mechanism, model and time of operation, extension staff, performance evaluation, outlay, hardware facilities, finance and personnel and so on, the construction of grass-roots agriculture extension regional station revealed many shortcomings such as mechanism is not perfect and service ability is limited etc. At the same time, grass-roots administrative personnel and extension personnel are suspected to the construction of regional station system as well. So it will have important guidance sense to deeply research the inherent value of grass-roots regional station for promoting the reformation of grass-roots agriculture extension system.
This paper used the theory related to agricultural extension science, rural sociology, organizational management, agricultural economy and other disciplines, and it combined the theoretical analysis with the empirical studies, and took grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station as the research object , to analyze the necessity of the construction of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station.This paper described the popularizing and running state of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province by the simple statistics methods, and it used some quantitative methods such as the analytic network process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to deeply analyze to find this problems of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station in Hebei province in the aspect of the satisfaction with extension stations. And this paper combined with the innovative experience of Luquan model, and brought some suggestion and countermeasures to further perfect and optimize the agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province, in order to make maximum play of its ability of extension service, and provide the decision-making reference for the reformation of public grass-roots agricultural technology extension system. The following are the main research contents and consequences of this paper.
1. This paper analyzed the necessity of the grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station. The construction of agricultural technology extension regional station is coincident with the need of situation of China's agricultural development and the requirements of agricultural science and technology progress. Through compared the similarities and differences between the grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station and traditional village and town agricultural technology extension station,it analyzed the advantages of grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station.
2. This paper used the basic statistics methods to describe the whole situation of agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province in these aspects of essential construction, mechanism of operating, service means and extension team. And it described and compared the situation of several sample areas in aspects of system, hardware facilities, age and education background of extension personnel’s, and situation of service. And it analyzed general and individual obstacles existing in the grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station of Hebei province.
3. This paper used the methods of analytic network process and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation to analyze the satisfaction of extension personnel with grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station. And this paper find that these low indexes of degrees of satisfaction of extension staff for regional station include the work environment, working time and salary etc.
4. This paper explored the innovation of service means and organization management of Luquan model, and summarized the experiences of Luquan model that is worth to be adapted by others agricultural technology extension regional station.
5. According to the results of empirical analysis, the paper brought some countermeasures and suggestion to further improve and refine the construction of the regional station from the aspects of external and internal environment of agricultural technology extension regional station on the problems existing in grass-roots agricultural technology extension regional station.
引文
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