汽轮发电机内部故障振动特性分析及在线监测方法研究
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摘要
本文以汽轮发电机转子绕组匝间短路故障为研究对象,分析了发电机在正常运行状态和转子匝间短路故障状态下的转子受力特性和不平衡电磁力特性,并对电机定子端部绕组的受力特性和振动特性进行了研究。本文的主要研究成果如下:
     (1)根据实验电机的具体参数,建立了发电机有限元分析模型,对发电机转子绕组短路故障下的不平衡电磁力进行精确求解,分析比较了工程实际中用于计算不平衡电磁力的等效磁通法和磁势叠加法。并对实际机组进行了转速特性试验,对机组的一些常见事故进行机理分析。
     (2)分析了发电机端部绕组在各种内部故障下的磁场情况及端部绕组线棒在各内部故障下的电流、电压变动情况,进而分析端部绕组在各故障磁场下受到的洛伦磁力、不平衡电磁拉力情况,并在此基础上分析端部绕组在交变径向力、切向力和轴向力作用下的振动情况。
     (3)根据端部绕组的受力变化,自行编制了端部绕组振动故障分析及监测系统,并在电厂机组中投入试用,取得很好的效果,为实时故障监测提供有益的参考。
This paper focuses on the interturn short-circuit fault in generator stator rotor windings. It provides an analysis of the static characteristics and the unbalanced electromagnetic force characteristics of rotor in normal conditions, It provides an analysis of the static characteristics and the unbalanced electromagnetic force characteristics of rotor in normal condition and rotor intern short-circuit conditions respectively. This paper also shows the mechanical and vibration characteristics of stator end windings. The main findings are as follows.
     (1)Based on the specific parameters of the experimental motor, generator finite element analysis model is established. This paper provides a precise caculation of the unbalanced electromagnetic force of rotor in short-ciruit condition, and a comparison of the equivalent magnetic flux method and the magnetic potential superposition method. And in this paper, the speed characteristic in actual units is tested, and the mechanism of the common accidents is analyzed.
     (2) This paper provides an analysis of the magnetic field distribution of the generator end windings under various kinds of internal fault condition, and a description of the change of current and voltage in the end bars under fault conditions. And it also demonstrates the Lorentz force and unbalanced magentic force of the end windings, and hence researches the vibration of end windings under the action of the alternating radial force and tangential force and axial force.
     (3) Based on the findings, the end winding vibration fault analysis and detection system system is established and applied in the unit operation, which proved satisfactory and beneficial for online fault monitoring.
引文
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