基于第四方物流的工程物流运作研究
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摘要
工程物流服务的安全性和时效性要求越来越高。第四方物流具有提供综合供应链物流解决方案、提高物流运作效率和降低物流运作成本的能力。因此,运用第四方物流理论研究工程物流系统的运作问题,具有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值。
论文首先在分析工程物流特性、构成要素和体系的基础上,提出了工程物资分类的新方法和工程物流成员企业间相互关系的概念模型。在分析现行工程物流运作模式优、缺点的基础上,提出了基于4PL本质内涵的工程物资供应物流新模式。通过解析工程项目4PL服务产生的动因,构建了工程项目4PL服务的运作体系模型和运作实现的具体方案。
论文在分析现有3PL服务商评判、选择方法的基础上,构建了基于RFP选择法的工程项目3PL服务商选择流程,确定了工程物流3PL服务商选择的指标体系,建立了基于AHP-GRAP的工程项目3PL服务商的评价和选择模型,并通过算例分析了其可行性。通过分析工程物流供应链构建前、后和4PL服务商进入供应链前、后的交易成本,建立了基于交易成本的4PL服务协调机制模型,深刻分析了4PL运作下的工程物流供应链的盈利空间。在分析4PL运作利益分配模式的基础上,通过成员企业利益分配的一次性博弈分析,合理设计4PL服务商与成员企业间的合作与利益分配机制,使工程物流供应链中成员企业的纳什均衡努力水平和收益,接近甚至达到帕累托均衡努力水平和收益。
The demand of the security and timeliness become more and more high. The 4PL has the capability to provide the logistics solution of supply chain, to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of logistics operation. So, It has the important theoretical and practical value to use the 4PL theory to research the operational problems of project logistics system.
The paper based on analyzing the feature, the elements and the system of project logistics, proposed the new method of construction materials classification and established the relationship conceptual model in the member company of the project logistics. Based on analyzing the advantage and the disadvantage of the project logistics operation model at present, proposed the new model of construction material supply logistics based on the 4PL essence and basic theory. Through parsed the motivation of the 4PL services generated in project, constructed the operation system model of the 4PL service in project and the operation achieve in project logistics.
The paper based on analyzing the 3PL service providers and the selection method in existence, by constructing the 3PL service providers selection process based on RFP selection method, identified the index system of the 3PL service providers selection in the project logistics, established the model of the evaluation and selection of the 3PL service providers in the project logistics based on the AHP-GRAP, and analyzed its feasibility through an example. By analyzing the transaction cost of before and after structuring the project logistics supply chain and before and after the 4PL service provider enter in the project logistics supply chain, the paper established the coordination mechanism model of the 4PL service provider based on the transaction cost, and analyzed the profitability of project logistics supply chain deeply under the 4PL operation. Based on analyzing the model of the interest distribution in 4PL operation, through the one-time Game analysis of the interest distribution in the member companies, we can design the profit distribution between the 4PL service provider and the member companies reasonable, It will make the effort level and earnings of the Nash equilibrium close to or reach the Pareto equilibrium in the member companies of project logistics supply chain.
论文首先在分析工程物流特性、构成要素和体系的基础上,提出了工程物资分类的新方法和工程物流成员企业间相互关系的概念模型。在分析现行工程物流运作模式优、缺点的基础上,提出了基于4PL本质内涵的工程物资供应物流新模式。通过解析工程项目4PL服务产生的动因,构建了工程项目4PL服务的运作体系模型和运作实现的具体方案。
论文在分析现有3PL服务商评判、选择方法的基础上,构建了基于RFP选择法的工程项目3PL服务商选择流程,确定了工程物流3PL服务商选择的指标体系,建立了基于AHP-GRAP的工程项目3PL服务商的评价和选择模型,并通过算例分析了其可行性。通过分析工程物流供应链构建前、后和4PL服务商进入供应链前、后的交易成本,建立了基于交易成本的4PL服务协调机制模型,深刻分析了4PL运作下的工程物流供应链的盈利空间。在分析4PL运作利益分配模式的基础上,通过成员企业利益分配的一次性博弈分析,合理设计4PL服务商与成员企业间的合作与利益分配机制,使工程物流供应链中成员企业的纳什均衡努力水平和收益,接近甚至达到帕累托均衡努力水平和收益。
The demand of the security and timeliness become more and more high. The 4PL has the capability to provide the logistics solution of supply chain, to increase the efficiency and reduce the cost of logistics operation. So, It has the important theoretical and practical value to use the 4PL theory to research the operational problems of project logistics system.
The paper based on analyzing the feature, the elements and the system of project logistics, proposed the new method of construction materials classification and established the relationship conceptual model in the member company of the project logistics. Based on analyzing the advantage and the disadvantage of the project logistics operation model at present, proposed the new model of construction material supply logistics based on the 4PL essence and basic theory. Through parsed the motivation of the 4PL services generated in project, constructed the operation system model of the 4PL service in project and the operation achieve in project logistics.
The paper based on analyzing the 3PL service providers and the selection method in existence, by constructing the 3PL service providers selection process based on RFP selection method, identified the index system of the 3PL service providers selection in the project logistics, established the model of the evaluation and selection of the 3PL service providers in the project logistics based on the AHP-GRAP, and analyzed its feasibility through an example. By analyzing the transaction cost of before and after structuring the project logistics supply chain and before and after the 4PL service provider enter in the project logistics supply chain, the paper established the coordination mechanism model of the 4PL service provider based on the transaction cost, and analyzed the profitability of project logistics supply chain deeply under the 4PL operation. Based on analyzing the model of the interest distribution in 4PL operation, through the one-time Game analysis of the interest distribution in the member companies, we can design the profit distribution between the 4PL service provider and the member companies reasonable, It will make the effort level and earnings of the Nash equilibrium close to or reach the Pareto equilibrium in the member companies of project logistics supply chain.
引文
[1]盖鹏鹄.与青藏铁路的共赢之路[J].中国道路运输,2007,(11):17-18.
[2]李富永.民企缘何缺席京沪高铁盛宴[N].中华工商时报,2007-04-15,(3).
[3]张宸.工程项目虚拟采购中心组织构建与采购管理优化[D].博士学位论文,上海:同济大学,2008,2-3.
[4]王诺.工程物流学导论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007,2-3.
[5]周丹.缝隙中生存的我国第四方物流市场的破局分析[J].产业观察,2002,(4):21-24.
[6]陈剑,冯蔚东.虚拟企业构建与管理[M].北京:清华人学出版社,2002,256-276.
[7] Douglas. Babe, James K Mueller. New for the millennium: 4PL [J]. Logistics Today, 1999, 40(2):78.
[8]张利杰,张毅,申翔浩.基于4PL的工程物流决策支持系统探析[J].物流科技,2010,33(8):71-72.
[9] Koskela. Application of the new production philosophy to construction (Tech. Report), CIFE: Stanford Univercity, CA, 1992.
[10] Kalyan Vaidyanathan, William O’Brien, Opportunities for IT to Support the Construction Supply Chain [J]. Information Technology, 2003,115(6):1-19.
[11] Joseph H.M. Towards an agent-based construction supply network modeling and simulation platform [J]. Automation in Construction, 2005, 14(3):353-359.
[12] Lung-Chuang Wang, Yu-Cheng Lin, and Pao H.Lin. Dynamic mobile RFID-based supply chain control and management system in construction [J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 2007, 21(4):377-390.
[13] Xiaolong Xue, Yaowu Wang. Coordination mechanisms for construction supply chain management in the Internet environment [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2007, 5(2):150-157.
[14] Malik M.A, Khalfan, Peter McDermott. Innovating for supply chain Integration within construction [J]. Construction Innovation, 2006, 6(3):143-157.
[15] Ander Errasti, Roger Beach. A process for developing partnerships with subcontractors in the construction industry: An empirical study [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2007, 25(3):250-256.
[16] Yaowu Wang, Xiaoguo Yu, and Xiaolong Xue. An application of the method of combinedradix determination for selecting construction supply chain partners [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2007, 25(2):128-133.
[17] K.T. Yeo, J.H. Ning. Managing uncertainty in major equipment procurement in engineering projects [J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2006, 171(1):123-134.
[18]付维华.第三方物流企业项目管理研究[D].硕士学位论文,上海:复旦大学,2002,33-46.
[19]张和平,张显东.物流组织设计的项目管理技术[J].物流科技,2003,(5):27-29.
[20]胡清河,张爽.动态联盟项目管理平台设计[J].项目管理技术,2006,(5):21-25.
[21]翟晓燕,陈新功.项目导向在会展物流中的应用研究[J].中国市场,2007,(15):15.
[22]温志桃,董雄报.基于项目管理的动态物流联盟构建研究[J].管理科学文摘,2007,(9):52-53.
[23] Visser Evert-Jan. Developing 4th party services: Empirical evidence on the relevance of dynamic transaction-cost for analyzing a logistic system innovation. http: Hecon.geog.UU.nl/visser/visser.heml,2004.
[24] Armbrster William. 4PL Cover Story [J]. Jo C Week. 2002, (6):24-30.
[25] Premkunar, Amrit Tiwana. Knowledge integration in virtual teams: The potential role of KMS. Journal of the American [J]. Society for information Science and Technology, Oct 2000, 53(12):1029-1037.
[26] Duane R Ireland, Miehael A Hitt. Alliance management as a source of competitive advantage [J]. Journal of Management, 2002, 28(3):413-416.
[27] Smilowitz Karen R. Deferred item and vehicle routing within integrated networks [J]. Transportation Research Part E, 2003, (39):305-323.
[28]刘舒燕,王飞洲.第四方物流核心竞争力研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004,(6):90-92.
[29]李奕.第四方物流企业竞争优势研究[J].物流科技,2004,27(11):25-29.
[30]蓝仁昌.第四方物流[M].北京:中国物资出版社,2009,8-10.
[31]罗富碧,王勇.第四方物流的协调机制研究[J].商业经济与管理,2007,(4):23-28.
[32]刘璠.第四方物流企业协同运作研究[D].博士学位论文,武汉:武汉理工大学,2009,82-172.
[33]张赫,陈建清,刘文煌,李秀.第四方物流中运输商的评价[J].工业工程,2004,7(3):36-39.
[34]姚建明,刘丽文. 4PL模式下供应链资源整合决策的优化模型及算法分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2008,(5):20-28.
[35]彭岩.第四方物流供应链风险管理研究[D].博士学位论文,天津:天津大学,2006,30-68.
[36]郭世梁.第四方物流企业风险研究[D].硕士学位论文,阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2007,12-45.
[37]熊恒庆.第四方物流:中国邮政物流的发展方向[J].物流科技,2007,30(4):17-19.
[38]田少平,王超.浅谈第四方物流在电力物资企业的发展及应用[J].中国储运,2006,(5):110-111.
[39]张丽霞.借第四方物流整合中国汽车物流供应[J].特区经济,2006,(5):152-153.
[40]孙焰,万斌,尹晓琴.物流系统的进化分析[J].物流技术,2007,26(2):97-100.
[41]陈瑶.精益供应物流整合优化研究[D].博士学位论文,上海:同济大学,2008,27-28.
[42]李力.物流信息平台构建与应用研究[D].博士学位论文,武汉:武汉理工大学,2006,46-47.
[43]乐云,马继伟.工程项目信息门户的开发与应用实践[J].同济大学学报,2005,33(4):564-568.
[44] W. H. Inmon. Building the data warehouse [J]. OED Technical Publishing Group, 2002:117-119.
[45] Alan Stainer. Performance Measurement and Management in Logistics [J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Iogistics, 2000, (3):25-27.
[46] Min Huang. Immune Algorithm Based Routing Optimization in Fourth-Party Logistics[C]. The IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2006, (6):3029-3034.
[47]汪定伟,王俊伟,王洪峰等.智能优化方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007,57-61.
[48]戴葵等译.神经网络设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2002,105-111.
[49]邓聚龙.灰理论基础[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002,77-84.
[50]姜波,徐克林,钱永昌.工程物流虚拟企业成员选择模型研究[J].制造业自动化,2009,(2):20-23.
[51]孙永丽.物流供需联盟构建中的伙伴评价研究[D].硕士学位论文,沈阳:东北大学,2006,31-32.
[52]李婷婷.非盈利运作模式的第四方物流资源配置和利益分配研究[D].硕士学位论文,武汉:华中科技大学,2008,30-42.
[53]张育华.第四方物流与第三方物流战略协作探讨[D].硕士学位论文,合肥:安徽农业大学,2008,22-27.
[54]徐鹏,王勇.基于信号传递模型的第四方物流分包及利益分配机制[J].工业工程,2008,11(5):33-36.
[2]李富永.民企缘何缺席京沪高铁盛宴[N].中华工商时报,2007-04-15,(3).
[3]张宸.工程项目虚拟采购中心组织构建与采购管理优化[D].博士学位论文,上海:同济大学,2008,2-3.
[4]王诺.工程物流学导论[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2007,2-3.
[5]周丹.缝隙中生存的我国第四方物流市场的破局分析[J].产业观察,2002,(4):21-24.
[6]陈剑,冯蔚东.虚拟企业构建与管理[M].北京:清华人学出版社,2002,256-276.
[7] Douglas. Babe, James K Mueller. New for the millennium: 4PL [J]. Logistics Today, 1999, 40(2):78.
[8]张利杰,张毅,申翔浩.基于4PL的工程物流决策支持系统探析[J].物流科技,2010,33(8):71-72.
[9] Koskela. Application of the new production philosophy to construction (Tech. Report), CIFE: Stanford Univercity, CA, 1992.
[10] Kalyan Vaidyanathan, William O’Brien, Opportunities for IT to Support the Construction Supply Chain [J]. Information Technology, 2003,115(6):1-19.
[11] Joseph H.M. Towards an agent-based construction supply network modeling and simulation platform [J]. Automation in Construction, 2005, 14(3):353-359.
[12] Lung-Chuang Wang, Yu-Cheng Lin, and Pao H.Lin. Dynamic mobile RFID-based supply chain control and management system in construction [J]. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 2007, 21(4):377-390.
[13] Xiaolong Xue, Yaowu Wang. Coordination mechanisms for construction supply chain management in the Internet environment [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2007, 5(2):150-157.
[14] Malik M.A, Khalfan, Peter McDermott. Innovating for supply chain Integration within construction [J]. Construction Innovation, 2006, 6(3):143-157.
[15] Ander Errasti, Roger Beach. A process for developing partnerships with subcontractors in the construction industry: An empirical study [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2007, 25(3):250-256.
[16] Yaowu Wang, Xiaoguo Yu, and Xiaolong Xue. An application of the method of combinedradix determination for selecting construction supply chain partners [J]. International Journal of Project Management, 2007, 25(2):128-133.
[17] K.T. Yeo, J.H. Ning. Managing uncertainty in major equipment procurement in engineering projects [J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2006, 171(1):123-134.
[18]付维华.第三方物流企业项目管理研究[D].硕士学位论文,上海:复旦大学,2002,33-46.
[19]张和平,张显东.物流组织设计的项目管理技术[J].物流科技,2003,(5):27-29.
[20]胡清河,张爽.动态联盟项目管理平台设计[J].项目管理技术,2006,(5):21-25.
[21]翟晓燕,陈新功.项目导向在会展物流中的应用研究[J].中国市场,2007,(15):15.
[22]温志桃,董雄报.基于项目管理的动态物流联盟构建研究[J].管理科学文摘,2007,(9):52-53.
[23] Visser Evert-Jan. Developing 4th party services: Empirical evidence on the relevance of dynamic transaction-cost for analyzing a logistic system innovation. http: Hecon.geog.UU.nl/visser/visser.heml,2004.
[24] Armbrster William. 4PL Cover Story [J]. Jo C Week. 2002, (6):24-30.
[25] Premkunar, Amrit Tiwana. Knowledge integration in virtual teams: The potential role of KMS. Journal of the American [J]. Society for information Science and Technology, Oct 2000, 53(12):1029-1037.
[26] Duane R Ireland, Miehael A Hitt. Alliance management as a source of competitive advantage [J]. Journal of Management, 2002, 28(3):413-416.
[27] Smilowitz Karen R. Deferred item and vehicle routing within integrated networks [J]. Transportation Research Part E, 2003, (39):305-323.
[28]刘舒燕,王飞洲.第四方物流核心竞争力研究[J].武汉理工大学学报,2004,(6):90-92.
[29]李奕.第四方物流企业竞争优势研究[J].物流科技,2004,27(11):25-29.
[30]蓝仁昌.第四方物流[M].北京:中国物资出版社,2009,8-10.
[31]罗富碧,王勇.第四方物流的协调机制研究[J].商业经济与管理,2007,(4):23-28.
[32]刘璠.第四方物流企业协同运作研究[D].博士学位论文,武汉:武汉理工大学,2009,82-172.
[33]张赫,陈建清,刘文煌,李秀.第四方物流中运输商的评价[J].工业工程,2004,7(3):36-39.
[34]姚建明,刘丽文. 4PL模式下供应链资源整合决策的优化模型及算法分析[J].系统工程理论与实践,2008,(5):20-28.
[35]彭岩.第四方物流供应链风险管理研究[D].博士学位论文,天津:天津大学,2006,30-68.
[36]郭世梁.第四方物流企业风险研究[D].硕士学位论文,阜新:辽宁工程技术大学,2007,12-45.
[37]熊恒庆.第四方物流:中国邮政物流的发展方向[J].物流科技,2007,30(4):17-19.
[38]田少平,王超.浅谈第四方物流在电力物资企业的发展及应用[J].中国储运,2006,(5):110-111.
[39]张丽霞.借第四方物流整合中国汽车物流供应[J].特区经济,2006,(5):152-153.
[40]孙焰,万斌,尹晓琴.物流系统的进化分析[J].物流技术,2007,26(2):97-100.
[41]陈瑶.精益供应物流整合优化研究[D].博士学位论文,上海:同济大学,2008,27-28.
[42]李力.物流信息平台构建与应用研究[D].博士学位论文,武汉:武汉理工大学,2006,46-47.
[43]乐云,马继伟.工程项目信息门户的开发与应用实践[J].同济大学学报,2005,33(4):564-568.
[44] W. H. Inmon. Building the data warehouse [J]. OED Technical Publishing Group, 2002:117-119.
[45] Alan Stainer. Performance Measurement and Management in Logistics [J]. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Iogistics, 2000, (3):25-27.
[46] Min Huang. Immune Algorithm Based Routing Optimization in Fourth-Party Logistics[C]. The IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2006, (6):3029-3034.
[47]汪定伟,王俊伟,王洪峰等.智能优化方法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2007,57-61.
[48]戴葵等译.神经网络设计[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2002,105-111.
[49]邓聚龙.灰理论基础[M].武汉:华中科技大学出版社,2002,77-84.
[50]姜波,徐克林,钱永昌.工程物流虚拟企业成员选择模型研究[J].制造业自动化,2009,(2):20-23.
[51]孙永丽.物流供需联盟构建中的伙伴评价研究[D].硕士学位论文,沈阳:东北大学,2006,31-32.
[52]李婷婷.非盈利运作模式的第四方物流资源配置和利益分配研究[D].硕士学位论文,武汉:华中科技大学,2008,30-42.
[53]张育华.第四方物流与第三方物流战略协作探讨[D].硕士学位论文,合肥:安徽农业大学,2008,22-27.
[54]徐鹏,王勇.基于信号传递模型的第四方物流分包及利益分配机制[J].工业工程,2008,11(5):33-36.