鄂尔多斯盆地南部镇泾油田长8段储层特征研究
|
摘要
镇泾区块石油资源潜力巨大,石油资源量达16039.2×10~4t,石油资源丰度达6.38×10~4t/km~2,具有较好的勘探开发前景。现今的勘探表明镇泾油田长8~1油藏是一个大面积、低丰度、特低渗、平面和垂向上非均质性较强的油藏,向东、向南仍有较大的扩展空间,为此开展鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾油田长8段的储层特征研究,对加快该区块石油勘探开发步伐具有重要的现实意义。
本次研究在岩心观察、测井资料及前人研究成果的基础上,通过对大量物性资料、测井资料的统计分析,系统研究了鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾油田延长组长8段储层特征。首先开展层序地层研究,建立镇泾油田的等时地层格架,以相控—等时原理方法进行目的层段砂层组对比,建立长8段对比框架;利用岩电关系,结合测井曲线形态和组合特征,划分测井相,综合上述各项研究的结果,确定其主要为三角洲沉积体系的三角洲前缘沉积;识别出水下分流河道沉积、水下天然堤、水下决口扇、河口坝和水下分流问湾5种微相类型;并对各微相类型的沉积特征和剖面结构进行了讨论,预测了沉积相的平面展布。
通过对该区块的岩石学特征、孔隙类型和孔隙结构及四性关系进行研究后认为长8段岩性为中-细粒长石岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩,平均有效孔隙度为8.5%,平均有效渗透率0.3×10~(-3)μm~2,该储层综合评价为低孔、低渗、中-大孔小细喉分选差型储层。通过薄片观察认为碳酸盐胶结物是破坏孔隙的最主要因素,碳酸盐胶结物主要充填剩余原生粒间孔和交代颗粒和杂基;沉积环境和成岩作用互相影响、相互制约,从而造成长8段储层在平面和垂向上具较强的非均质性。在此基础上确定了镇泾油田长8段的储层下限,研究结果表明有效储层孔喉下限为0.25μm,渗透率下限为0.1172×10~(-3)μm2,对应的孔隙度下限为8.5%,粒度下限为细砂岩,砂岩的厚度下限为5m。在此基础上,提出了研究区储集层的分类评价标准。并对该层段的储层进行分类,将其划分为四类储层,Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类储层在研究区极易成藏,不需要很好的闭合度;而Ⅲ类储层在研究区要聚集成藏,则需要厚砂体和相对高的闭合度,含油级别低,油气的充满度低,需经过后期改造方能具备产油能力;Ⅳ类储层由于高的H_(50),二次运移阻力过大,油气很难进入储层,这一部分砂岩为非储层。镇泾油田Ⅰ类储层不发育,Ⅱ类储层较少,Ⅲ类储层较发育。通过比较镇泾油田长8段5个砂层组的有效砂体厚度发现:有效砂体厚度在长8~(1-2)小层最厚,长8~(1-3)最薄,各小层有效砂体厚度的差异就会导致优质储层的平面展布及发育厚度的差异,对长8段5个砂层组分别做了优质储层平面展布,认为优质储层主要发育在三角洲前缘叠置水下分流河道砂岩中。综合分析认为长8段储层发育最好的层段为长8~(1-2)及长8~(2-2),长8~(1-2)小层的Ⅱ类储层发育于ZJ5井区的东部,北部也有较好的勘探前景;长8~(2-2)小层的Ⅱ类储层发育在镇泾油田的中部。
Zhenjing area has a huge potentiality of oil resource,the amount of oil resources is 16039.2×10~4 tons in this area,and the abundance of oil resource has reached 6.38×10~4 t/km~2,so it has a better exploration and development prospect.It can be found from the present exploration that the Chang-8 member is a reservoir with a large area,low oil abundance,and very low permeability,and the heterogeneity is strong on planar and vertical in Zhenjing oilfield.Therefore,it is of practical importance to speed up the step of research on reservoir characteristics of the Chang-8 member of the Yanchang formation in Zhenjing oilfield.
On the base of core observation,logging data and the studied results of former geologists,and through statistical analysis of petrophysical data and logging data,this paper systematically studies reservoir characteristics of the Chang-8 member of the Yanchang formation in Zhenjing oilfield,Ordos Basin.Firstly,develop the sequence stratigraphic study and build the sametime sequence pattern,use the method of sedimentary facies control- sametime principle to correlate sandbody groups in the target strata,and build stratigraphic framework.Then,use logging curves to classify logging facies based on the lithology-electric property relation.According to the upper research results,the sedimentary facies is determined to be the front-delta deposition of braided river delta deposits,and five microfacies types are recognized including subaqueous distributary channel,subaqueous natural barrier,subsea crevass-splay, mouth-bar,subaqueous interdistributary embayment.The depositional characterisytics and the structure of microfacies types in sections are discussed,and the lateral distribution of the sedimental facies are predicted.
Through the research of petrologic feature,pore types,pore structure and relationships among lithology,poroperm characteristics,electric properties and oilbearing properties,it is thought that the lithology are middle-fine grained feldspathic litharenite sandstone,lithic arkose sandstone.The effective porosity is 8.5%,and effective permeability is 0.3×10~(-3)μm~2 in the Chang-8 member.So it is considered after the comprehensive reservoir evaluation that it belongs to the type of reservoirs with low porosity and permeability,the fine pore throat and poor sorting.After the research on the heterogeneity of the reservoir sandstones,it can be concluded that the heterogeneity resulted from sedimentary environment and diagenesis interaction.On the basis,the lower limit of reservoir parameters of the Chang-8 member in this oilfield is determined in the paper:the lower limit of throats is 0.25urn,the low limit of permeability and porosity which are corresponding with the lower limit of throats is 0.1172×10~(-3)μm~2 and 8.5%respectively and the low limit size is 5m of fine sandstone.In light of reservoir evaluation,the reservoirs can be classified as four types.The type-Ⅰand type-Ⅱare very easy to form reservoir,and not need very thick closure.But type-Ⅲmust have thicker sand and closure,so it could have the oil producing capability after late reformation,type-Ⅳis non-reservoir because it must have high H_(50)and prevent secondary migration.The type-Ⅰ(excellent reservoirs)is not developed;type-Ⅱ(better reservoirs)is seldom and type-Ⅲis commonly found out in the research region.
Compared the thickness of the effective sand bodies of the five sandbodies of the Chang-8 member of the Yanchang formation,it is found out that the thickness of sand body of Chang-8~(1-2)is the largest,but the smallest in Chang-8~(1-3).The difference of the thickness of sand bodies would result in the difference of high-quality reservoir distribution.The high-quality reservoirs are mainly developed in the thick sandstone of subaqueous distributary channel of the front-delta deposition.At last,it is suggested that the most favorable sand body is Chang-8~(1-2)and Chang-8~(2-2),and the exploration targets to survey the type-Ⅱreservoir which distributed in the east of the Well-5 and in northern Zhenjing Oilfield in Chang-8~(1-2),and in the central part of Zhenjing Oilfield in Chang-8~(2-2).
本次研究在岩心观察、测井资料及前人研究成果的基础上,通过对大量物性资料、测井资料的统计分析,系统研究了鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾油田延长组长8段储层特征。首先开展层序地层研究,建立镇泾油田的等时地层格架,以相控—等时原理方法进行目的层段砂层组对比,建立长8段对比框架;利用岩电关系,结合测井曲线形态和组合特征,划分测井相,综合上述各项研究的结果,确定其主要为三角洲沉积体系的三角洲前缘沉积;识别出水下分流河道沉积、水下天然堤、水下决口扇、河口坝和水下分流问湾5种微相类型;并对各微相类型的沉积特征和剖面结构进行了讨论,预测了沉积相的平面展布。
通过对该区块的岩石学特征、孔隙类型和孔隙结构及四性关系进行研究后认为长8段岩性为中-细粒长石岩屑砂岩、岩屑长石砂岩,平均有效孔隙度为8.5%,平均有效渗透率0.3×10~(-3)μm~2,该储层综合评价为低孔、低渗、中-大孔小细喉分选差型储层。通过薄片观察认为碳酸盐胶结物是破坏孔隙的最主要因素,碳酸盐胶结物主要充填剩余原生粒间孔和交代颗粒和杂基;沉积环境和成岩作用互相影响、相互制约,从而造成长8段储层在平面和垂向上具较强的非均质性。在此基础上确定了镇泾油田长8段的储层下限,研究结果表明有效储层孔喉下限为0.25μm,渗透率下限为0.1172×10~(-3)μm2,对应的孔隙度下限为8.5%,粒度下限为细砂岩,砂岩的厚度下限为5m。在此基础上,提出了研究区储集层的分类评价标准。并对该层段的储层进行分类,将其划分为四类储层,Ⅰ类和Ⅱ类储层在研究区极易成藏,不需要很好的闭合度;而Ⅲ类储层在研究区要聚集成藏,则需要厚砂体和相对高的闭合度,含油级别低,油气的充满度低,需经过后期改造方能具备产油能力;Ⅳ类储层由于高的H_(50),二次运移阻力过大,油气很难进入储层,这一部分砂岩为非储层。镇泾油田Ⅰ类储层不发育,Ⅱ类储层较少,Ⅲ类储层较发育。通过比较镇泾油田长8段5个砂层组的有效砂体厚度发现:有效砂体厚度在长8~(1-2)小层最厚,长8~(1-3)最薄,各小层有效砂体厚度的差异就会导致优质储层的平面展布及发育厚度的差异,对长8段5个砂层组分别做了优质储层平面展布,认为优质储层主要发育在三角洲前缘叠置水下分流河道砂岩中。综合分析认为长8段储层发育最好的层段为长8~(1-2)及长8~(2-2),长8~(1-2)小层的Ⅱ类储层发育于ZJ5井区的东部,北部也有较好的勘探前景;长8~(2-2)小层的Ⅱ类储层发育在镇泾油田的中部。
Zhenjing area has a huge potentiality of oil resource,the amount of oil resources is 16039.2×10~4 tons in this area,and the abundance of oil resource has reached 6.38×10~4 t/km~2,so it has a better exploration and development prospect.It can be found from the present exploration that the Chang-8 member is a reservoir with a large area,low oil abundance,and very low permeability,and the heterogeneity is strong on planar and vertical in Zhenjing oilfield.Therefore,it is of practical importance to speed up the step of research on reservoir characteristics of the Chang-8 member of the Yanchang formation in Zhenjing oilfield.
On the base of core observation,logging data and the studied results of former geologists,and through statistical analysis of petrophysical data and logging data,this paper systematically studies reservoir characteristics of the Chang-8 member of the Yanchang formation in Zhenjing oilfield,Ordos Basin.Firstly,develop the sequence stratigraphic study and build the sametime sequence pattern,use the method of sedimentary facies control- sametime principle to correlate sandbody groups in the target strata,and build stratigraphic framework.Then,use logging curves to classify logging facies based on the lithology-electric property relation.According to the upper research results,the sedimentary facies is determined to be the front-delta deposition of braided river delta deposits,and five microfacies types are recognized including subaqueous distributary channel,subaqueous natural barrier,subsea crevass-splay, mouth-bar,subaqueous interdistributary embayment.The depositional characterisytics and the structure of microfacies types in sections are discussed,and the lateral distribution of the sedimental facies are predicted.
Through the research of petrologic feature,pore types,pore structure and relationships among lithology,poroperm characteristics,electric properties and oilbearing properties,it is thought that the lithology are middle-fine grained feldspathic litharenite sandstone,lithic arkose sandstone.The effective porosity is 8.5%,and effective permeability is 0.3×10~(-3)μm~2 in the Chang-8 member.So it is considered after the comprehensive reservoir evaluation that it belongs to the type of reservoirs with low porosity and permeability,the fine pore throat and poor sorting.After the research on the heterogeneity of the reservoir sandstones,it can be concluded that the heterogeneity resulted from sedimentary environment and diagenesis interaction.On the basis,the lower limit of reservoir parameters of the Chang-8 member in this oilfield is determined in the paper:the lower limit of throats is 0.25urn,the low limit of permeability and porosity which are corresponding with the lower limit of throats is 0.1172×10~(-3)μm~2 and 8.5%respectively and the low limit size is 5m of fine sandstone.In light of reservoir evaluation,the reservoirs can be classified as four types.The type-Ⅰand type-Ⅱare very easy to form reservoir,and not need very thick closure.But type-Ⅲmust have thicker sand and closure,so it could have the oil producing capability after late reformation,type-Ⅳis non-reservoir because it must have high H_(50)and prevent secondary migration.The type-Ⅰ(excellent reservoirs)is not developed;type-Ⅱ(better reservoirs)is seldom and type-Ⅲis commonly found out in the research region.
Compared the thickness of the effective sand bodies of the five sandbodies of the Chang-8 member of the Yanchang formation,it is found out that the thickness of sand body of Chang-8~(1-2)is the largest,but the smallest in Chang-8~(1-3).The difference of the thickness of sand bodies would result in the difference of high-quality reservoir distribution.The high-quality reservoirs are mainly developed in the thick sandstone of subaqueous distributary channel of the front-delta deposition.At last,it is suggested that the most favorable sand body is Chang-8~(1-2)and Chang-8~(2-2),and the exploration targets to survey the type-Ⅱreservoir which distributed in the east of the Well-5 and in northern Zhenjing Oilfield in Chang-8~(1-2),and in the central part of Zhenjing Oilfield in Chang-8~(2-2).
引文
[1]刘自亮,王多云,王峰等.陕甘宁盆地西峰油田主要产层储油砂体沉积微相组合及特征[J].2005,23(2):248-254.
[2]付金华,罗安湘,喻健等.西峰油田成藏地质特征及勘探方向[J].石油学报,2004,25(2):25-29.
[3]杨友运,张蓬勃,张忠义.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田长8段油组辫状河三角洲沉积特征与层序演化[J].地质科技情报2005,24(1)45-48.
[4]王力,崔攀峰.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田长8段沉积相研究[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版)2003,18(6):26-30.
[5]沙文武,邵江,郭耀等.镇泾地区三叠系延长组储层评价[J].天然气工业,2001;21(增刊):35-39.
[6]裘亦楠.中国陆相碎屑岩储层沉积学的进展[J].沉积学报1992,10(3):16-24.
[7]Pettijoho F.J.et al.Sand and Sandstone.[M],1972.
[8]Conybeare C E B.Geommorphalogy ofoil and gas fields in sandstone bodies,1976.
[9]Taylor J.C.M,Sandstones as reservoir rocks,Development in Petroleum Geology[J]1997,1:147-196.
[10]Tillman R.W.et al eds.Reservoir Sedimentology[J],1987,SEPM Spec,publ.No.40.
[11]郭艳琴.富县探区延长组储层微观特征研究[D].西安:西北大学2006年.
[12]柳益群,李文厚.陕甘宁盆地东部上三叠统含油长石砂岩的成岩特点及孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,1996,14(3):87-95
[13]罗静兰,张晓莉,张云翔等,岩成岩作用对河流.湖泊三角洲相砂岩储层物性演化的影响—以延长油区上三叠统延长组长2砂岩为例[J].沉积学报,2001,19(4):541-547.
[14]黄思静,武文慧,刘洁等,大气水在碎屑岩次生孔隙形成中的作用—以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例[J].地球科学.中国地质大学学报,2003,28(4),419-424
[15]顾家裕,张兴阳.油气沉积学发展回顾和应用现状[J].沉积学报,2003.21(1),137-141
[16]田在艺,张庆春.中国含油气盆地岩相古地理与油气[M].北京:地质出版社,1997
[17]杨华,刘显阳,张才利等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组低渗透岩性油藏主控因素及其分布规律[J].岩性油气藏.2007,9.19(3):1-6.
[18]何自新等著.鄂尔多斯盆地演化与油气[M].石油工业出版社,2003年10月
[19]朱国华.陕甘宁盆地西南部上三叠统延长统低渗透砂岩和次生孔隙砂体的形成[J].沉积学报,1985,3(2):1-16.
[20]柳益群,李文厚,冯乔.鄂尔多斯盆地东部上三叠统含油砂岩的古地温及成岩阶段[J].地质学报,1997,71(1):65-74.
[21]李志伟,刘颖梅.安塞油田长2、长3浅油层特征研究[J].低渗透油气田,2000,5(2):14-18.
[22]李凤杰,王多云,宋广寿等.陕甘宁盆地坳馅型湖盆缓坡带三角洲前缘短期基准面旋回与储层成因分析[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1),73-78
[23]赵虹.安塞油田上三叠统延长组高分辨率层序地层学特征及储层研究[D].西安:西北大学,2004.
[24]郑荣才,彭军,吴朝容.陆相盆地基准面旋回的级次划分[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):249-255.
[25]郑荣才,尹世民,彭军.基准面旋同结构利叠加样式的沉积动力学分析[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):369-375.
[26]张哨楠,胡江柰等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部镇泾地区延长组的沉积特征[J]矿物岩石2000,20(4):25-30.
[27]蔺宏斌,姚泾利,鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组沉积特性与物源探讨[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版).2000,9 15(5)7-9.
[28]魏斌,魏红红,陈全红等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组物源分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2003,33(4),447-450.
[29]陈安宁.鄂尔多斯盆地论文集[C]北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[30]武富礼,李文厚等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组三角洲沉积及演化[J].古地理学报,2004 6(3):307-315.
[31]杨友运.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组沉积体系和层序特征[J].地质通报,2005,24(4):369-372.
[32]王峰,田景春,谭先锋等.镇泾地区延长组长8油层组基准面旋回与储层非均质性的关系[J].沉积与特提斯地质.2007,6 27(2)82-87.
[33]翟光明.中国石油地质志[M].第十二卷,北京:石油工业出版社.1996.
[34]罗宁,牟泽辉,朱宏权,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部塔巴庙地区气层识别与预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):61-64.
[35]吴崇筠等.中国含油气盆地沉积学[M],石油工业出版社,1992。
[36]温爱琴,范久霄,鄂尔多斯盆地镇—泾地区三叠系烃源岩地化特征及勘探前景[J]河南石油2003,17(2)15-17。
[37]Galloway,W.E.1968.Depositional systems in the Lower Wilcos Group,north-central Gulf Coast basin.Gulf Coast Assoc.Geol.Soos.Trans.18:275-289.
[38]Timothy,A.Cross.2000.stratigraphic controls on reservoir attributes in continental strata.地学前缘.7(4):322-350.
[39]William J.Fritz,Johnnie N.Moore.Basics of Physical Stratigraphy and Sedimentology,Canada:1988.
[40]邓宏文.美国层序地层研究中的新学派——高分辨率层序地层[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(2):89-97.
[41]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.2002.
[42]刘宝珺 沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1980.
[43]《沉积构造与环境解释》编著组.沉积构造与环境解释[M].科学出版社.1984.
[44]Brown,L.F.,Jr.1979.Deltaic sandstone facies of the mid-continent.In N.J.Hyne(ed.),Pennsylvanian sandstones of the Mid-Continent,pp.35-63.Tulsa Geol.Soc.
[45]郭耀华.镇—泾地区三叠系延长组烃源岩沉积有机相分析及评价[J]河南石油 2004 18(2):8-10。
[46]应凤祥,罗平,何东博等著.中国含油气盆地碎屑岩储集层成岩作用与成岩数值模拟[M].石油工业出版社.2004.
[47]李红,柳益群,刘林玉.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田延长组长8-1低渗透储层成岩作用[J]石油与天然气地质2006,4.27(2):209-217.
[48]史基安,王金鹏,毛明陆等.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田三叠系延长组长6—8段储层砂岩成岩作用研究[J]沉积学报2003,9.21(3)373-380.
[49]谭茂金,范宜仁等.测井数据标准化方法研究及软件设计[J].物探化探计算技术.2006.28(3):219-223.
[50]雍世和,张超谟.测井数据处理与综合解释[M].东营:石油大学出版社.1996.
[51]杨晓明,张本华,朱之锦等.孤东地区低渗透储层测井评价[J]油气地质与采收率,2002,9(2):26-271.
[52]孙耀国,宋桂茹,张传护.高青油田储层测井二次解释模型研究[J]油气地质与采收率,2003,10(增刊):65-66.
[53]丁次乾.矿场地球物理[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1992.
[54]伍友佳.油藏地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[55]Jiao Yangquan,Yah Jiaxin,Li Sitian,et al.Architectural units and heterogeneity of channel reservoirs in the Karamay Formation,out2 crop area of Karamay oil field,Junggar basin,northwest China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(4):529-545.
[56]Thomas F Moslow,Graham R Davies.Turbidite reservoir facies in the Lower TriassicMontney Formation,west-central Alberta[J].Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,1997,45(4):507-536.
[57]胡光义,于会娟,刘静,等.番禺30-1砂岩强水驱气藏储层非均质性研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(4):34-35.
[58]裘亦楠,薛叔浩.油气储层评价技术[M].修订版.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[59]毛志强.非均质储层夹层控油作用初论——非均质储层油气分布规律及测井响应特征[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2003,28(2):196-200.
[60]黄书先.张超谟.孔隙结构非均质性对剩余油分布的影响[J]江汉石油学院学报.2004,12.26(3).
[61]郑希民,宋广寿,王多云等.陕甘宁盆地陇东地区长8段油组厚层非均质砂体的沉积学解剖[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):272-277。
[62]张哨楠 成都理工学院鄂尔多斯盆地南部镇、泾地区三叠系储层沉积成岩作用研究及有利勘探区带预测[R],1999,10.
[63]刘显阳.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区三叠系延长组长8段储层特征及其控制因素研究[D].西安:西北大学地质学系,2005.
[64]武明辉,张刘平,罗晓容等.西峰油田延长组长8段储层流体作用期次分析[J]2006,27(1)33-36.
[65]戚厚发.天然气储层物性下限及深层气勘探问题的探讨[J].天然气工业,1989,9(5):26-30.
[66]丁晓琪,张哨楠.镇原-泾川地区储层下限标准的研究[J].新疆地质,2005,23(2):190-193.
[67]侯雨庭,郭清娅,李高仁.西峰油田有效厚度下限研究[J].中国石油勘探,2003,8(2):51-54.
[68]吕鸣岗,毕海滨.用毛管压力曲线确定原始含油饱和度[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(5):63-66.
[69]王允诚.油层物理学[M].北京.石油工业出版社1993.
[70]罗蛰潭,王允诚.油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京.科学出版社1986.
[2]付金华,罗安湘,喻健等.西峰油田成藏地质特征及勘探方向[J].石油学报,2004,25(2):25-29.
[3]杨友运,张蓬勃,张忠义.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田长8段油组辫状河三角洲沉积特征与层序演化[J].地质科技情报2005,24(1)45-48.
[4]王力,崔攀峰.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田长8段沉积相研究[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版)2003,18(6):26-30.
[5]沙文武,邵江,郭耀等.镇泾地区三叠系延长组储层评价[J].天然气工业,2001;21(增刊):35-39.
[6]裘亦楠.中国陆相碎屑岩储层沉积学的进展[J].沉积学报1992,10(3):16-24.
[7]Pettijoho F.J.et al.Sand and Sandstone.[M],1972.
[8]Conybeare C E B.Geommorphalogy ofoil and gas fields in sandstone bodies,1976.
[9]Taylor J.C.M,Sandstones as reservoir rocks,Development in Petroleum Geology[J]1997,1:147-196.
[10]Tillman R.W.et al eds.Reservoir Sedimentology[J],1987,SEPM Spec,publ.No.40.
[11]郭艳琴.富县探区延长组储层微观特征研究[D].西安:西北大学2006年.
[12]柳益群,李文厚.陕甘宁盆地东部上三叠统含油长石砂岩的成岩特点及孔隙演化[J].沉积学报,1996,14(3):87-95
[13]罗静兰,张晓莉,张云翔等,岩成岩作用对河流.湖泊三角洲相砂岩储层物性演化的影响—以延长油区上三叠统延长组长2砂岩为例[J].沉积学报,2001,19(4):541-547.
[14]黄思静,武文慧,刘洁等,大气水在碎屑岩次生孔隙形成中的作用—以鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组为例[J].地球科学.中国地质大学学报,2003,28(4),419-424
[15]顾家裕,张兴阳.油气沉积学发展回顾和应用现状[J].沉积学报,2003.21(1),137-141
[16]田在艺,张庆春.中国含油气盆地岩相古地理与油气[M].北京:地质出版社,1997
[17]杨华,刘显阳,张才利等.鄂尔多斯盆地三叠系延长组低渗透岩性油藏主控因素及其分布规律[J].岩性油气藏.2007,9.19(3):1-6.
[18]何自新等著.鄂尔多斯盆地演化与油气[M].石油工业出版社,2003年10月
[19]朱国华.陕甘宁盆地西南部上三叠统延长统低渗透砂岩和次生孔隙砂体的形成[J].沉积学报,1985,3(2):1-16.
[20]柳益群,李文厚,冯乔.鄂尔多斯盆地东部上三叠统含油砂岩的古地温及成岩阶段[J].地质学报,1997,71(1):65-74.
[21]李志伟,刘颖梅.安塞油田长2、长3浅油层特征研究[J].低渗透油气田,2000,5(2):14-18.
[22]李凤杰,王多云,宋广寿等.陕甘宁盆地坳馅型湖盆缓坡带三角洲前缘短期基准面旋回与储层成因分析[J].沉积学报,2004,22(1),73-78
[23]赵虹.安塞油田上三叠统延长组高分辨率层序地层学特征及储层研究[D].西安:西北大学,2004.
[24]郑荣才,彭军,吴朝容.陆相盆地基准面旋回的级次划分[J].沉积学报,2001,19(2):249-255.
[25]郑荣才,尹世民,彭军.基准面旋同结构利叠加样式的沉积动力学分析[J].沉积学报,2000,18(3):369-375.
[26]张哨楠,胡江柰等.鄂尔多斯盆地南部镇泾地区延长组的沉积特征[J]矿物岩石2000,20(4):25-30.
[27]蔺宏斌,姚泾利,鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组沉积特性与物源探讨[J].西安石油学院学报(自然科学版).2000,9 15(5)7-9.
[28]魏斌,魏红红,陈全红等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组物源分析[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2003,33(4),447-450.
[29]陈安宁.鄂尔多斯盆地论文集[C]北京:石油工业出版社,1999.
[30]武富礼,李文厚等.鄂尔多斯盆地上三叠统延长组三角洲沉积及演化[J].古地理学报,2004 6(3):307-315.
[31]杨友运.鄂尔多斯盆地南部延长组沉积体系和层序特征[J].地质通报,2005,24(4):369-372.
[32]王峰,田景春,谭先锋等.镇泾地区延长组长8油层组基准面旋回与储层非均质性的关系[J].沉积与特提斯地质.2007,6 27(2)82-87.
[33]翟光明.中国石油地质志[M].第十二卷,北京:石油工业出版社.1996.
[34]罗宁,牟泽辉,朱宏权,等.鄂尔多斯盆地北部塔巴庙地区气层识别与预测[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):61-64.
[35]吴崇筠等.中国含油气盆地沉积学[M],石油工业出版社,1992。
[36]温爱琴,范久霄,鄂尔多斯盆地镇—泾地区三叠系烃源岩地化特征及勘探前景[J]河南石油2003,17(2)15-17。
[37]Galloway,W.E.1968.Depositional systems in the Lower Wilcos Group,north-central Gulf Coast basin.Gulf Coast Assoc.Geol.Soos.Trans.18:275-289.
[38]Timothy,A.Cross.2000.stratigraphic controls on reservoir attributes in continental strata.地学前缘.7(4):322-350.
[39]William J.Fritz,Johnnie N.Moore.Basics of Physical Stratigraphy and Sedimentology,Canada:1988.
[40]邓宏文.美国层序地层研究中的新学派——高分辨率层序地层[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(2):89-97.
[41]姜在兴.沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社.2002.
[42]刘宝珺 沉积岩石学[M].北京:地质出版社,1980.
[43]《沉积构造与环境解释》编著组.沉积构造与环境解释[M].科学出版社.1984.
[44]Brown,L.F.,Jr.1979.Deltaic sandstone facies of the mid-continent.In N.J.Hyne(ed.),Pennsylvanian sandstones of the Mid-Continent,pp.35-63.Tulsa Geol.Soc.
[45]郭耀华.镇—泾地区三叠系延长组烃源岩沉积有机相分析及评价[J]河南石油 2004 18(2):8-10。
[46]应凤祥,罗平,何东博等著.中国含油气盆地碎屑岩储集层成岩作用与成岩数值模拟[M].石油工业出版社.2004.
[47]李红,柳益群,刘林玉.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田延长组长8-1低渗透储层成岩作用[J]石油与天然气地质2006,4.27(2):209-217.
[48]史基安,王金鹏,毛明陆等.鄂尔多斯盆地西峰油田三叠系延长组长6—8段储层砂岩成岩作用研究[J]沉积学报2003,9.21(3)373-380.
[49]谭茂金,范宜仁等.测井数据标准化方法研究及软件设计[J].物探化探计算技术.2006.28(3):219-223.
[50]雍世和,张超谟.测井数据处理与综合解释[M].东营:石油大学出版社.1996.
[51]杨晓明,张本华,朱之锦等.孤东地区低渗透储层测井评价[J]油气地质与采收率,2002,9(2):26-271.
[52]孙耀国,宋桂茹,张传护.高青油田储层测井二次解释模型研究[J]油气地质与采收率,2003,10(增刊):65-66.
[53]丁次乾.矿场地球物理[M].东营:石油大学出版社,1992.
[54]伍友佳.油藏地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[55]Jiao Yangquan,Yah Jiaxin,Li Sitian,et al.Architectural units and heterogeneity of channel reservoirs in the Karamay Formation,out2 crop area of Karamay oil field,Junggar basin,northwest China[J].AAPG Bulletin,2005,89(4):529-545.
[56]Thomas F Moslow,Graham R Davies.Turbidite reservoir facies in the Lower TriassicMontney Formation,west-central Alberta[J].Bulletin of Canadian Petroleum Geology,1997,45(4):507-536.
[57]胡光义,于会娟,刘静,等.番禺30-1砂岩强水驱气藏储层非均质性研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2006,13(4):34-35.
[58]裘亦楠,薛叔浩.油气储层评价技术[M].修订版.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[59]毛志强.非均质储层夹层控油作用初论——非均质储层油气分布规律及测井响应特征[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2003,28(2):196-200.
[60]黄书先.张超谟.孔隙结构非均质性对剩余油分布的影响[J]江汉石油学院学报.2004,12.26(3).
[61]郑希民,宋广寿,王多云等.陕甘宁盆地陇东地区长8段油组厚层非均质砂体的沉积学解剖[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):272-277。
[62]张哨楠 成都理工学院鄂尔多斯盆地南部镇、泾地区三叠系储层沉积成岩作用研究及有利勘探区带预测[R],1999,10.
[63]刘显阳.鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区三叠系延长组长8段储层特征及其控制因素研究[D].西安:西北大学地质学系,2005.
[64]武明辉,张刘平,罗晓容等.西峰油田延长组长8段储层流体作用期次分析[J]2006,27(1)33-36.
[65]戚厚发.天然气储层物性下限及深层气勘探问题的探讨[J].天然气工业,1989,9(5):26-30.
[66]丁晓琪,张哨楠.镇原-泾川地区储层下限标准的研究[J].新疆地质,2005,23(2):190-193.
[67]侯雨庭,郭清娅,李高仁.西峰油田有效厚度下限研究[J].中国石油勘探,2003,8(2):51-54.
[68]吕鸣岗,毕海滨.用毛管压力曲线确定原始含油饱和度[J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(5):63-66.
[69]王允诚.油层物理学[M].北京.石油工业出版社1993.
[70]罗蛰潭,王允诚.油气储集层的孔隙结构[M].北京.科学出版社1986.