单螺杆压缩机三维实体建模及动态特性研究
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摘要
单螺杆压缩机具有结构优良、噪声低、力平衡性好及可靠性高等独特优势,自从上世纪60年代从国外发展起来后,备受国际压缩机行业重视。然而,目前只有极少数的发达国家能够生产。虽然国内一些单位经过30多年的深入研究,已经掌握了螺杆和星轮型线的设计理论及技术,但对于单螺杆压缩机的动态特性却鲜有研究,对单螺杆压缩机技术掌握尚不成熟。
本文将三维建模软件与有限元分析软件结合起来,根据某排量单螺杆压缩机的设计图纸,在三维建模软件中构建单螺杆压缩机关键部件的几何模型。利用该三维建模软件与有限元分析软件的数据交换功能,将单螺杆压缩机关键部件的结构模型导入有限元分析软件中,建立了单螺杆压缩机关键部件的有限元分析模型,在有限元分析软件中对模型进行了动态特性分析。
论文重点研究了单螺杆压缩机关键部件模型的构建及简化,三维建模软件与有限元分析软件之间的数据接口,总结和归纳了动态特性分析方法,并通过有限元分析获得了单螺杆压缩机关键部件的固有频率和振型等模态特性参数。通过固有频率和振型的分析预测了振动特性,可以避免外界激励频率和结构的固有频率相同或接近,防止共振。本文发现了原设计的薄弱环节,为该压缩机的设计改进提供了科学的理论依据。并且,模态分析是谐响应分析、瞬态动力学分析、频谱分析等其它动态分析的基础,是对单螺杆压缩机进行详细动力学分析的起点。
The single screw compressor is widely used in the foreign countries because it has some unique advantages of structure, mechanics, reliability and other aspects. Single screw compressor has attracted international attention compressor industry since it was developed in the last century 1970s. However, only few developed countries can produce this compressor. Although some domestic units have made some in-depth study on it in the past 20 years, and seized the theory and technique of profile lines, the dynamic characteristics of single-screw compressor is researched less. The technology of single screw compressor is not yet ripe.
In this Paper,according to a displacement of a single screw compressor design drawing, the author built key components of a single screw compressor geometry model by the three-dimensional modeling software .The author transmitted the key components of a single screw compressor structure model into the Finite Element Analysis Software by using the data exchange function of the two soft wares, finally established and analyzed the finite element analysis model of key components of a single screw compressor.
This Paper focuses on the research of modeling the model of the single screw compressor,simplifying and data interface between the modeling software and the Finite Element Analysis Software and Summaries the analysis method for dynamic characteristic .Through finite element analysis it obtained key components of single-screw compressor natural frequencies and mode shapes. Through the analysis of natural frequency and vibration mode it can forecast the vibration characteristics to avoid resonance. This paper found a weak link in the original design for the compressor, which provides the scientific theory for improvements. Also, modal analysis is a basis of the harmonic response analysis, transient dynamic analysis, spectrum analysis, and other dynamic analysis, and it’s a starting point for a detailed kinetic analysis of single screw compressor.
本文将三维建模软件与有限元分析软件结合起来,根据某排量单螺杆压缩机的设计图纸,在三维建模软件中构建单螺杆压缩机关键部件的几何模型。利用该三维建模软件与有限元分析软件的数据交换功能,将单螺杆压缩机关键部件的结构模型导入有限元分析软件中,建立了单螺杆压缩机关键部件的有限元分析模型,在有限元分析软件中对模型进行了动态特性分析。
论文重点研究了单螺杆压缩机关键部件模型的构建及简化,三维建模软件与有限元分析软件之间的数据接口,总结和归纳了动态特性分析方法,并通过有限元分析获得了单螺杆压缩机关键部件的固有频率和振型等模态特性参数。通过固有频率和振型的分析预测了振动特性,可以避免外界激励频率和结构的固有频率相同或接近,防止共振。本文发现了原设计的薄弱环节,为该压缩机的设计改进提供了科学的理论依据。并且,模态分析是谐响应分析、瞬态动力学分析、频谱分析等其它动态分析的基础,是对单螺杆压缩机进行详细动力学分析的起点。
The single screw compressor is widely used in the foreign countries because it has some unique advantages of structure, mechanics, reliability and other aspects. Single screw compressor has attracted international attention compressor industry since it was developed in the last century 1970s. However, only few developed countries can produce this compressor. Although some domestic units have made some in-depth study on it in the past 20 years, and seized the theory and technique of profile lines, the dynamic characteristics of single-screw compressor is researched less. The technology of single screw compressor is not yet ripe.
In this Paper,according to a displacement of a single screw compressor design drawing, the author built key components of a single screw compressor geometry model by the three-dimensional modeling software .The author transmitted the key components of a single screw compressor structure model into the Finite Element Analysis Software by using the data exchange function of the two soft wares, finally established and analyzed the finite element analysis model of key components of a single screw compressor.
This Paper focuses on the research of modeling the model of the single screw compressor,simplifying and data interface between the modeling software and the Finite Element Analysis Software and Summaries the analysis method for dynamic characteristic .Through finite element analysis it obtained key components of single-screw compressor natural frequencies and mode shapes. Through the analysis of natural frequency and vibration mode it can forecast the vibration characteristics to avoid resonance. This paper found a weak link in the original design for the compressor, which provides the scientific theory for improvements. Also, modal analysis is a basis of the harmonic response analysis, transient dynamic analysis, spectrum analysis, and other dynamic analysis, and it’s a starting point for a detailed kinetic analysis of single screw compressor.
引文
[1]邓定国,束鹏程.回转压缩机.北京:机械工业出版社,1987.
[2]查世墚.单螺杆压缩机专用加工机床.压缩机技术,1994,3(5):17-21.
[3] David Jensen.A New Single Screw Comperssor Design That Enables a New Manufacturing Process,1998 International Compressor Engineering Conference, At Purdue West Lafayette:Purdue University,1998.
[4]吉成辉,于克营.大容量单螺杆压缩机的发展.压缩机技术,2004,5(2):43-44.
[5]查谦,方宜荣等.PC型单螺杆压缩机.压缩机技术,1995,2(6):6-11.
[6]刑子文著.螺杆压缩机—理论、设计及应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:303-309.
[7] Navy Air Compressors-past,Present and Future. Naval Engineers Jurnal:1985 ,5(10):76-85.
[8]查谦,邓谦,查世梁.单螺杆压缩机的新进展.压缩机技术,2002,(2):32-34.
[9]查谦,顾仑.浅谈螺杆压缩机.设备管理与维修,1999,3(3):22-24.
[10]金光熹.单螺杆压缩机型线和流体动力润滑研究.西安交通大学学报,1982,6(9):75-83.
[11]梁国华.必然趋势—螺杆压缩机取代活塞式压缩机.浙江造纸,2002,1(4):22-25.
[12]程军.单螺杆压缩机科研设计新进展.压缩机技术,1987,2(3):61-63.
[13]查世墚,查谦等.单螺杆压缩机的现状.压缩机技术,1994,4(2):47-48.
[14] Haselden G G.Potential of the single-screw compressor.Int J of Refrigeration, 1985,8(6):215-220.
[15]吴建华,金光熹.国内外单螺杆压缩机的发展及其啮合副型线研究.压缩机技术,1987,3(6):27-32.
[16]吴建华,金光熹,冯俊鸿.加工单螺杆压缩机圆台二次包络啮合副星轮用的滚刀的研究.西安交通大学学报,1996,5(6):44-49.
[17]周雷,金光熹.新型DLG—3/7单螺杆空压机的研制.压缩机技术,2001,(2):16-17.
[18]查谦,刘先启,方宜荣等.单螺杆压缩机的现状与发展趋势.流体机械,1997,2(2):41-42.
[19]邓谦,麦培政,王奎章等.单螺杆压缩机的进展与突破.压缩机技术,1996,(6):40-44.
[20] Cohen R.Compressor conferences-fulfilling a need.In:Yu Y,ed. Proc of 93’Int Compressor Technique Conference. Xi’an: Xi’an Jiaotong University,1993: 1-7.
[21]刘国良. SolidWorks2006完全自学手册.北京:科学出版社, 2006.
[22] Zimmern B.From water to refrigerant:twenty years to develop the oil interaction-free single screw compressor.In:The International Compressor Technology Conference Proceedings,1984:513-518.
[23] B.Zimmern.Design and Operating Characteristics of the Zimmern Single Screw Compressor.ICECP,1972:96-99. [24」孙光三,单螺杆压缩机主要几何关系的研究,西安交通大学学报,1981,15(5):11-15.
[25] B.Zimmern.From Water to Refrigent:Twenty Years to Develop the Oil injection-free Single Screw Compressor.ICECP,1984:513-518.
[26] Zhoulei,et al.Investigation on Dishcarge Process of Oil Flooded Single Screw Compressor.The 2 Internation Compressor Technique (China),1997:148-152.
[27]傅志云.振动模态分析与参数识别.北京:机械工业出版社,1990.
[28]曹树谦,张文德,萧龙翔.振动结构模态分析一理论、实验与应用.天津:天津大学出版社,2002:174-175.
[29]曹树谦,张文德,萧龙翔.振动结构模态分析.天津:天津大学出版社,2002:1-3.
[30]沃德·海伦等著.白化同,郭继忠译.模态分析理论与试验.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001.
[31] J.C.Chen,Farba J.A.Analytical Model Improvement Using Modal Test Results AIAA Journal,1980.
[32]赵汝嘉.机械结构有限元分析.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1990.
[33]曾攀.有限元分析及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2004:20-43.
[34]张亚欧,谷志飞,宋勇.ANSYS7.O有限元分析实用教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2004:59-195.
[35] Nithian Ti Sivaneri Dynamic Stability of a Rotor Blade Using Finite Element Analysis AIAA Journal, May 1982,20(5):716-723.
[36]赵海峰,蒋迪.ANSYS 8.0工程结构实例分析.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004:257-273.
[37]张朝晖.ANSYS 8.0结构分析及实例解析.北京:机械工业出版社.2005:259-273.
[38]刘相新,孟宪颐.ANSYS基础与应用教程.北京:科学出版社,2006:109-122.
[39]叶先磊,史亚杰.ANSYS工程分析软件应用实例.北京:清华大学版社,2003.
[40]仪登利,曾红,王新丰.铝合金轮毂UG建模ANSYS分析时的模型导入问题.辽宁工业大学学报,2007:9-11.
[41]沈玺,方鹏,宋小青.浅谈ANSYS与SolidWorks的数据交换.装备制造技术, 2006,5(8): 50-57.
[42]许静,王铁. Pro/E和ANSYS集成方法的比较.现代制造工程, 2005,1(3): 64-66.
[43]虞春,周雄辉,基于特征的有限元网格划分研究.机械科学与技术,1999,18(3):12-14.
[44]高志刚,刘泽明,李娜.复杂模型的ANSYS有限元网格划分研究.机械工程与自动化,2006,9(3):4-43.
[45]雷永刚,卫原平,阮雪榆.三维有限元网格自动生成典型方法与发展方向.机械科学与技术,1999,18(3):311-313.
[46]管迪华,模态分析技术.北京:清华大学出版社,1996.
[2]查世墚.单螺杆压缩机专用加工机床.压缩机技术,1994,3(5):17-21.
[3] David Jensen.A New Single Screw Comperssor Design That Enables a New Manufacturing Process,1998 International Compressor Engineering Conference, At Purdue West Lafayette:Purdue University,1998.
[4]吉成辉,于克营.大容量单螺杆压缩机的发展.压缩机技术,2004,5(2):43-44.
[5]查谦,方宜荣等.PC型单螺杆压缩机.压缩机技术,1995,2(6):6-11.
[6]刑子文著.螺杆压缩机—理论、设计及应用.北京:机械工业出版社,2003:303-309.
[7] Navy Air Compressors-past,Present and Future. Naval Engineers Jurnal:1985 ,5(10):76-85.
[8]查谦,邓谦,查世梁.单螺杆压缩机的新进展.压缩机技术,2002,(2):32-34.
[9]查谦,顾仑.浅谈螺杆压缩机.设备管理与维修,1999,3(3):22-24.
[10]金光熹.单螺杆压缩机型线和流体动力润滑研究.西安交通大学学报,1982,6(9):75-83.
[11]梁国华.必然趋势—螺杆压缩机取代活塞式压缩机.浙江造纸,2002,1(4):22-25.
[12]程军.单螺杆压缩机科研设计新进展.压缩机技术,1987,2(3):61-63.
[13]查世墚,查谦等.单螺杆压缩机的现状.压缩机技术,1994,4(2):47-48.
[14] Haselden G G.Potential of the single-screw compressor.Int J of Refrigeration, 1985,8(6):215-220.
[15]吴建华,金光熹.国内外单螺杆压缩机的发展及其啮合副型线研究.压缩机技术,1987,3(6):27-32.
[16]吴建华,金光熹,冯俊鸿.加工单螺杆压缩机圆台二次包络啮合副星轮用的滚刀的研究.西安交通大学学报,1996,5(6):44-49.
[17]周雷,金光熹.新型DLG—3/7单螺杆空压机的研制.压缩机技术,2001,(2):16-17.
[18]查谦,刘先启,方宜荣等.单螺杆压缩机的现状与发展趋势.流体机械,1997,2(2):41-42.
[19]邓谦,麦培政,王奎章等.单螺杆压缩机的进展与突破.压缩机技术,1996,(6):40-44.
[20] Cohen R.Compressor conferences-fulfilling a need.In:Yu Y,ed. Proc of 93’Int Compressor Technique Conference. Xi’an: Xi’an Jiaotong University,1993: 1-7.
[21]刘国良. SolidWorks2006完全自学手册.北京:科学出版社, 2006.
[22] Zimmern B.From water to refrigerant:twenty years to develop the oil interaction-free single screw compressor.In:The International Compressor Technology Conference Proceedings,1984:513-518.
[23] B.Zimmern.Design and Operating Characteristics of the Zimmern Single Screw Compressor.ICECP,1972:96-99. [24」孙光三,单螺杆压缩机主要几何关系的研究,西安交通大学学报,1981,15(5):11-15.
[25] B.Zimmern.From Water to Refrigent:Twenty Years to Develop the Oil injection-free Single Screw Compressor.ICECP,1984:513-518.
[26] Zhoulei,et al.Investigation on Dishcarge Process of Oil Flooded Single Screw Compressor.The 2 Internation Compressor Technique (China),1997:148-152.
[27]傅志云.振动模态分析与参数识别.北京:机械工业出版社,1990.
[28]曹树谦,张文德,萧龙翔.振动结构模态分析一理论、实验与应用.天津:天津大学出版社,2002:174-175.
[29]曹树谦,张文德,萧龙翔.振动结构模态分析.天津:天津大学出版社,2002:1-3.
[30]沃德·海伦等著.白化同,郭继忠译.模态分析理论与试验.北京:北京理工大学出版社,2001.
[31] J.C.Chen,Farba J.A.Analytical Model Improvement Using Modal Test Results AIAA Journal,1980.
[32]赵汝嘉.机械结构有限元分析.西安:西安交通大学出版社,1990.
[33]曾攀.有限元分析及应用.北京:清华大学出版社,2004:20-43.
[34]张亚欧,谷志飞,宋勇.ANSYS7.O有限元分析实用教程.北京:清华大学出版社,2004:59-195.
[35] Nithian Ti Sivaneri Dynamic Stability of a Rotor Blade Using Finite Element Analysis AIAA Journal, May 1982,20(5):716-723.
[36]赵海峰,蒋迪.ANSYS 8.0工程结构实例分析.北京:中国铁道出版社,2004:257-273.
[37]张朝晖.ANSYS 8.0结构分析及实例解析.北京:机械工业出版社.2005:259-273.
[38]刘相新,孟宪颐.ANSYS基础与应用教程.北京:科学出版社,2006:109-122.
[39]叶先磊,史亚杰.ANSYS工程分析软件应用实例.北京:清华大学版社,2003.
[40]仪登利,曾红,王新丰.铝合金轮毂UG建模ANSYS分析时的模型导入问题.辽宁工业大学学报,2007:9-11.
[41]沈玺,方鹏,宋小青.浅谈ANSYS与SolidWorks的数据交换.装备制造技术, 2006,5(8): 50-57.
[42]许静,王铁. Pro/E和ANSYS集成方法的比较.现代制造工程, 2005,1(3): 64-66.
[43]虞春,周雄辉,基于特征的有限元网格划分研究.机械科学与技术,1999,18(3):12-14.
[44]高志刚,刘泽明,李娜.复杂模型的ANSYS有限元网格划分研究.机械工程与自动化,2006,9(3):4-43.
[45]雷永刚,卫原平,阮雪榆.三维有限元网格自动生成典型方法与发展方向.机械科学与技术,1999,18(3):311-313.
[46]管迪华,模态分析技术.北京:清华大学出版社,1996.