盾构施工对邻近大直径管线的影响分析
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摘要
未来几年,我国将迎来城市轨道交通建设的快速发展时期,盾构施工法也逐渐成为地铁施工中一种常用的施工方法；地铁施工对临近管线的影响问题将不可避免。研究盾构施工对邻近管线的影响问题,具有重要的现实意义。
本文主要采用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法,对大直径刚性管线与周围土体相互作用,盾构施工对邻近大直径刚性管线受力及变形规律的影响两方面进行了研究,并借助实际工程进行了分析验证,具体研究内容及成果如下：
1.采用Winker弹性地基梁模型,建立二维梁——弹簧模型和三维管壳——弹簧模型,研究支座强制位移即管线周围土体沉降值,下卧层刚度、管线刚度、管线埋深及隧道埋深等因素改变时管线与土体脱离情况。并且建立了管线变形值与地面沉降值之间的关系,通过地面沉降值预测管线变形值,作为安全监控手段。
2.利用MIDAS GTS三维有限元软件,在管线与隧道垂直和管线与隧道平行两种情况下研究开挖面位置不同时,下卧层刚度、管线刚度、管线埋深、管隧竖直距离、管隧水平距离、盾构推力、注浆强度等改变时,大直径刚性管线受力及变形规律。
3.与实际工程相结合,分析并验证数值模拟得到的规律,提出了基于实际工程的监测措施和盾构穿越时的技术措施。
In the next decades, urban metro construction will gain rapid development in our country. The shield tunnelling method will also become a common method in metro construction. At the same time, the problem about the effects of shield tunnelling on underground pipeline should be paid more and more attention and making further study has more important practical significance.
In this paper, mainly combined theoretical analysis with numerical simulation, for one thing, the interaction between the large rigid pipeline and soil has been studied; for another, the effects of shield tunnelling on the stress and deformation of underground large rigid pipeline has also been researched. Besides this, the correctness of the conclusion that mentioned obove is proved according to practical engineering.
1.Based on theory of Winker elastic foundation beam, according to Beam—spring Model and Shell—spring Model, with the difference of forced settlements (the settlements of soil surrounding with pipeline), modulus of subgrade, elastic modulus of pipeline, the depth of pipeline and tunnel, the condition about the separation between the pipeline and soil has been studied. The relationship between pipeline deformation and ground surface displacement is established. Once the ground surface displacement has been gotten, the deformation of the pipeline will also been evaluated, which may be used to taking appropriate measures to protect the pipeline.
2.With 3D numerical simulation software, MIDAS GTS, taking two cases—pipeline transverse to tunnel and pipeline parallel to the tunnel, considering different distance between the excavation face and the pipeline, different modulus of subgrade, different elastic modulus of pipeline, different depth of pipeline, different vertical distance between pipeline and tunnel, different horizontal distance between pipeline and tunnel, different shield pressure and grouting strength, the discipline of stress and deformation of large rigid pipeline has been studied.
3.According to practical engineering, the correctness of the conclusion attained has been proved. Furthermore, monitoring measures and technical measures of shield machine traversing has also been raised.
本文主要采用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法,对大直径刚性管线与周围土体相互作用,盾构施工对邻近大直径刚性管线受力及变形规律的影响两方面进行了研究,并借助实际工程进行了分析验证,具体研究内容及成果如下：
1.采用Winker弹性地基梁模型,建立二维梁——弹簧模型和三维管壳——弹簧模型,研究支座强制位移即管线周围土体沉降值,下卧层刚度、管线刚度、管线埋深及隧道埋深等因素改变时管线与土体脱离情况。并且建立了管线变形值与地面沉降值之间的关系,通过地面沉降值预测管线变形值,作为安全监控手段。
2.利用MIDAS GTS三维有限元软件,在管线与隧道垂直和管线与隧道平行两种情况下研究开挖面位置不同时,下卧层刚度、管线刚度、管线埋深、管隧竖直距离、管隧水平距离、盾构推力、注浆强度等改变时,大直径刚性管线受力及变形规律。
3.与实际工程相结合,分析并验证数值模拟得到的规律,提出了基于实际工程的监测措施和盾构穿越时的技术措施。
In the next decades, urban metro construction will gain rapid development in our country. The shield tunnelling method will also become a common method in metro construction. At the same time, the problem about the effects of shield tunnelling on underground pipeline should be paid more and more attention and making further study has more important practical significance.
In this paper, mainly combined theoretical analysis with numerical simulation, for one thing, the interaction between the large rigid pipeline and soil has been studied; for another, the effects of shield tunnelling on the stress and deformation of underground large rigid pipeline has also been researched. Besides this, the correctness of the conclusion that mentioned obove is proved according to practical engineering.
1.Based on theory of Winker elastic foundation beam, according to Beam—spring Model and Shell—spring Model, with the difference of forced settlements (the settlements of soil surrounding with pipeline), modulus of subgrade, elastic modulus of pipeline, the depth of pipeline and tunnel, the condition about the separation between the pipeline and soil has been studied. The relationship between pipeline deformation and ground surface displacement is established. Once the ground surface displacement has been gotten, the deformation of the pipeline will also been evaluated, which may be used to taking appropriate measures to protect the pipeline.
2.With 3D numerical simulation software, MIDAS GTS, taking two cases—pipeline transverse to tunnel and pipeline parallel to the tunnel, considering different distance between the excavation face and the pipeline, different modulus of subgrade, different elastic modulus of pipeline, different depth of pipeline, different vertical distance between pipeline and tunnel, different horizontal distance between pipeline and tunnel, different shield pressure and grouting strength, the discipline of stress and deformation of large rigid pipeline has been studied.
3.According to practical engineering, the correctness of the conclusion attained has been proved. Furthermore, monitoring measures and technical measures of shield machine traversing has also been raised.
引文
[1]李兴高,王霆,刚性管线安全评价的简便方法.岩土力学,2008.
[2]Martos F. Concerning an approximate equation of the subsidence trough and its time factors. In International strata control congress, Leipzig,1958.191-205
[3]Peck R. B.Deep excavation and tunneling in soft ground. State of the ArtReport[A].Proc.7th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering[C].Mexico city,1969.255-290.
[4]Attewell P B. Ground movements caused by tunneling in soil. Proceedings of the International Conference on large ground movements and structures, Cardiff,1978.812-948.
[5]Glossop N H. Soil deformation caused by soft ground tunneling. PhD thesis, University of Durham,1977.
[6]Sagaseta C. Analysis of undrained soil deformation due to ground loss. Geotechnique, 1987,37(3):301-320.
[7]Bobet A. Analytical solutions for shallow tunnels in saturated ground. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2001,127(12):1258-1266.
[8]Chou W I, Bobet A. Predictions of ground deformations in shallow tunnels in clay. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2002,17:3-19.
[9]Yang J S, Liu B C, Wang M C. Modeling of tunneling-induced ground surface movements using stochastic medium theory. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2004, 19:113-123.
[10]Rowe R K, Kack G. J. A theoretical examination of the settlements induced by tunneling:four case histories. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1983,20(2):299-314.
[11]Imamura S, Hagiwara T, Mito T. Settlement trough above a model shield observed in a centrifuge. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo,1998.713-719.
[12]Wu B R, Chiou S Y, Lee C J. Soil movements around parallel tunnels in soft ground. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo,1998.739-744.
[13]吴波.复杂条件h城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究[D].西南交通大学博十学位论文,2003.
[14]Kristin M Molnar, Richard J Finno, Edwin C Rossow. Analysis of effects of deep beaced excavations on adjacent buried utilities. Technical report of Northwestern University,2003.
[15]Carder D R, Taylor M E. Response of a pipeline to nearby deep trenching in boulder clay. Transport and Road Research Laboratory Report, Great Britain,1983.
[16]O'Rourke T D, Ahmed I. Effect of shallow trench construction on castiron pipelines. Advances in Underground Pipeline Engineering, Proceedings of the International Conference Madison. USA,1985.1-31.
[17]Nath, Provaka. Movements and strains induced in buried pipes due to parallel trench excavations:Finite element predictions. Journal of Pipelines,1986,5(4):233-249.
[18]Attewell P B, Yeates J, Selby A R. Soil Movements Induced by Tunnelling and their Effects on Pipelines and Structures. London:Blackie and Son Ltd.,1986.
[19]O'Rourke T D, Trautmann C H. Buried pipeline response to tunneling ground movements. Europipe Basel, Switzerland,1982.9-15.
[20]蒋洪胜,侯学渊.盾构掘进对隧道周围土层扰动的理论与实测分析.岩石力学与工程学报.2003，22(9)：1514-1520.
[21]Attewell P B, Yeates J, Selby A R. Soil Movements Induced by Tunnelling and their Effects on Pipelines and Structures. London:Blackie and Son Ltd.,1986.
[22]Vorster T E B, Klar A, Soga K. Estimating the effects of tunneling on existing pipelines. Journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering,2005,131 (11):1399-1410.
[23]Hunter A. Effect of trenchless technologies on existing iron pipelines. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers:Geotechnical Engineering,2005,158 (3):159-167.
[24]O'Rourke T D, Trautmann C H. Buried pipeline response to tunneling ground movements. Europipe Basel, Switzerland,1982.9-15.
[25]Bracegirdle A, Mair R J, Nyren R J, Taylor R N. A methodology for evaluating potential damage to cast iron pipes induced by tunneling. Proc. Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground. London:Balkema,1996.659-664.
[26]Yoo Chungsik, Kim Jae-Hoon. A web-based tunneling-induced building utility damage assessment system:TURISK. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2003,18: 497-511.
[27]Takagi, Nobuo, Shimamura, Kazunori, Nishio, Nobuaki. Buried pipe response to adjacent ground movements associated with tunneling and excavations. Ground Movements and Structures. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference,1985.97-112.
[28]Klar A., Vorster T.E.B., Soga K., etal. Soil-pipe-tunnel interaction:Comparison between Winkler and elastic continuum solutions Technical Report of the University of Cambrige, 2004.
[29]Klar A., VorsterT.E.B., Soga K., etal. Elastoplastic Solution for soil-pipe-tunnel interaetion. Journal of Geoteehnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2007,133 (7):782-792.
[30]李大勇.软土地基深基坑工程邻近地下管线的性状研究.博士学位论文,浙江大学,2001.
[31]吴波,高波.地铁区间隧道施工对近邻管线影响的三维数值模拟.岩石力学与工程学报,2002(2)
[32]吴为义.垂直荷载作用下软粘土地基中管道的纵向力学性状研究[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2000.
[33]廖少明,刘建航.基坑工程手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
[34]彭基敏,张孟喜.盾构法施工引起邻近地下管线位移分析.工业建筑,2005,35(9)：50-53.
[35]马涛.隧道施工引起的地层位移及其对邻近地下管线的影响分析.硕士学位论文,长沙理工大学,2005.
[36]毕继红,刘伟,江志峰.隧道开挖对地下管线的影响分析.岩土力学,2006,27(8)：1317-1321.
[37]吴为义,孙宇坤,张土乔.盾构隧道施工对邻近地下管线影响分析.中国铁道科学,2008,29(3)：58-62.
[38]王霆.地铁浅埋暗挖法施工对邻近管线的影响与控制.北京交通大学博士学位论文.2008年7月.
[39]骆建军,张顶立,王梦恕,张成平.地铁施工对管线的影响.中国铁道科学,200,27(6)：124-127.
[40]Mair R J, Taylor R N, Bracegirdle A. Subsurface settlement profiles above tunnels in clays. Geotechnique,1993,43(2):315-320
[41]Mair R J, Taylor R N, Bracegirdle A. Discussion:Subsurface settlement profiles above tunnels in clays. Geotechnique,1995,45(2):361-362
[42]张拥民.盾构穿越河流污水管施工中管线沉降的控制[J].中国市政工程,2006, (05)
[43]陈敏,隧道施工扰动下邻近管线的位移及其周围土体变形的研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[44]王霆,地铁浅埋暗挖法施工对邻近管线的影响与控制[D].北京交通大学博士学位论文,2008.
[45]毕继红,刘伟,江志峰,隧道开挖对地下管线的影响分析[J].岩土力学,2006.
[46]吴为义,盾构隧道周围地下管线的性状研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,2008.
[2]Martos F. Concerning an approximate equation of the subsidence trough and its time factors. In International strata control congress, Leipzig,1958.191-205
[3]Peck R. B.Deep excavation and tunneling in soft ground. State of the ArtReport[A].Proc.7th Int. Conf. on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering[C].Mexico city,1969.255-290.
[4]Attewell P B. Ground movements caused by tunneling in soil. Proceedings of the International Conference on large ground movements and structures, Cardiff,1978.812-948.
[5]Glossop N H. Soil deformation caused by soft ground tunneling. PhD thesis, University of Durham,1977.
[6]Sagaseta C. Analysis of undrained soil deformation due to ground loss. Geotechnique, 1987,37(3):301-320.
[7]Bobet A. Analytical solutions for shallow tunnels in saturated ground. Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2001,127(12):1258-1266.
[8]Chou W I, Bobet A. Predictions of ground deformations in shallow tunnels in clay. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2002,17:3-19.
[9]Yang J S, Liu B C, Wang M C. Modeling of tunneling-induced ground surface movements using stochastic medium theory. Tunneling and Underground Space Technology,2004, 19:113-123.
[10]Rowe R K, Kack G. J. A theoretical examination of the settlements induced by tunneling:four case histories. Canadian Geotechnical Journal,1983,20(2):299-314.
[11]Imamura S, Hagiwara T, Mito T. Settlement trough above a model shield observed in a centrifuge. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo,1998.713-719.
[12]Wu B R, Chiou S Y, Lee C J. Soil movements around parallel tunnels in soft ground. Centrifuge 98, Tokyo,1998.739-744.
[13]吴波.复杂条件h城市地铁隧道施工地表沉降研究[D].西南交通大学博十学位论文,2003.
[14]Kristin M Molnar, Richard J Finno, Edwin C Rossow. Analysis of effects of deep beaced excavations on adjacent buried utilities. Technical report of Northwestern University,2003.
[15]Carder D R, Taylor M E. Response of a pipeline to nearby deep trenching in boulder clay. Transport and Road Research Laboratory Report, Great Britain,1983.
[16]O'Rourke T D, Ahmed I. Effect of shallow trench construction on castiron pipelines. Advances in Underground Pipeline Engineering, Proceedings of the International Conference Madison. USA,1985.1-31.
[17]Nath, Provaka. Movements and strains induced in buried pipes due to parallel trench excavations:Finite element predictions. Journal of Pipelines,1986,5(4):233-249.
[18]Attewell P B, Yeates J, Selby A R. Soil Movements Induced by Tunnelling and their Effects on Pipelines and Structures. London:Blackie and Son Ltd.,1986.
[19]O'Rourke T D, Trautmann C H. Buried pipeline response to tunneling ground movements. Europipe Basel, Switzerland,1982.9-15.
[20]蒋洪胜,侯学渊.盾构掘进对隧道周围土层扰动的理论与实测分析.岩石力学与工程学报.2003，22(9)：1514-1520.
[21]Attewell P B, Yeates J, Selby A R. Soil Movements Induced by Tunnelling and their Effects on Pipelines and Structures. London:Blackie and Son Ltd.,1986.
[22]Vorster T E B, Klar A, Soga K. Estimating the effects of tunneling on existing pipelines. Journal of geotechnical and geoenvironmental engineering,2005,131 (11):1399-1410.
[23]Hunter A. Effect of trenchless technologies on existing iron pipelines. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers:Geotechnical Engineering,2005,158 (3):159-167.
[24]O'Rourke T D, Trautmann C H. Buried pipeline response to tunneling ground movements. Europipe Basel, Switzerland,1982.9-15.
[25]Bracegirdle A, Mair R J, Nyren R J, Taylor R N. A methodology for evaluating potential damage to cast iron pipes induced by tunneling. Proc. Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground. London:Balkema,1996.659-664.
[26]Yoo Chungsik, Kim Jae-Hoon. A web-based tunneling-induced building utility damage assessment system:TURISK. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology,2003,18: 497-511.
[27]Takagi, Nobuo, Shimamura, Kazunori, Nishio, Nobuaki. Buried pipe response to adjacent ground movements associated with tunneling and excavations. Ground Movements and Structures. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference,1985.97-112.
[28]Klar A., Vorster T.E.B., Soga K., etal. Soil-pipe-tunnel interaction:Comparison between Winkler and elastic continuum solutions Technical Report of the University of Cambrige, 2004.
[29]Klar A., VorsterT.E.B., Soga K., etal. Elastoplastic Solution for soil-pipe-tunnel interaetion. Journal of Geoteehnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering,2007,133 (7):782-792.
[30]李大勇.软土地基深基坑工程邻近地下管线的性状研究.博士学位论文,浙江大学,2001.
[31]吴波,高波.地铁区间隧道施工对近邻管线影响的三维数值模拟.岩石力学与工程学报,2002(2)
[32]吴为义.垂直荷载作用下软粘土地基中管道的纵向力学性状研究[D].浙江大学硕士学位论文,2000.
[33]廖少明,刘建航.基坑工程手册[M].北京：中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
[34]彭基敏,张孟喜.盾构法施工引起邻近地下管线位移分析.工业建筑,2005,35(9)：50-53.
[35]马涛.隧道施工引起的地层位移及其对邻近地下管线的影响分析.硕士学位论文,长沙理工大学,2005.
[36]毕继红,刘伟,江志峰.隧道开挖对地下管线的影响分析.岩土力学,2006,27(8)：1317-1321.
[37]吴为义,孙宇坤,张土乔.盾构隧道施工对邻近地下管线影响分析.中国铁道科学,2008,29(3)：58-62.
[38]王霆.地铁浅埋暗挖法施工对邻近管线的影响与控制.北京交通大学博士学位论文.2008年7月.
[39]骆建军,张顶立,王梦恕,张成平.地铁施工对管线的影响.中国铁道科学,200,27(6)：124-127.
[40]Mair R J, Taylor R N, Bracegirdle A. Subsurface settlement profiles above tunnels in clays. Geotechnique,1993,43(2):315-320
[41]Mair R J, Taylor R N, Bracegirdle A. Discussion:Subsurface settlement profiles above tunnels in clays. Geotechnique,1995,45(2):361-362
[42]张拥民.盾构穿越河流污水管施工中管线沉降的控制[J].中国市政工程,2006, (05)
[43]陈敏,隧道施工扰动下邻近管线的位移及其周围土体变形的研究[D].北京交通大学硕士学位论文,2008.
[44]王霆,地铁浅埋暗挖法施工对邻近管线的影响与控制[D].北京交通大学博士学位论文,2008.
[45]毕继红,刘伟,江志峰,隧道开挖对地下管线的影响分析[J].岩土力学,2006.
[46]吴为义,盾构隧道周围地下管线的性状研究[D].浙江大学博士学位论文,2008.