浅埋暗挖隧道管棚作用机理及施工过程三维数值模拟
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摘要
随着城市基础设施建设的迅速发展,浅埋暗挖法在城市地下铁道、地下街等地下工程中得到了广泛应用,但其理论研究却远远落后于工程实践。本文依托天津某工程,通过理论分析、数值模拟等手段,研究分析了浅埋暗挖隧道管棚超前支护和超前小导管注浆预加固的作用机理,并对暗挖隧道的整个施工过程进行数值模拟研究,得到以下一些结论:
1、管棚预支护、超前小导管注浆加固土体、预留核心土等限制掌子面前方土体变形和维持掌子面稳定的措施,对控制地层位移、减小对周边环境的影响、保证隧道施工安全起到至关重要的作用。
2、数值计算的结果表明:管棚的有无、土体的弹性模量、泊松比、注浆加固体的长度等因素对地层位移、地表沉降均有一定的影响;在数值分析中可以通过改变单元的弹性模量、泊松比等参数来模拟注浆加固体的作用;管棚支护能够抑制地层变形,超前小导管注浆能够提高掌子面的稳定性,使隧道开挖更安全。
3、对隧道的整个施工过程进行数值模拟,通过分析地表沉降、地层位移、围岩塑性区发展变化趋势及管棚和初期支护的受力情况,验证了管棚预支护、超前小导管注浆加固能够满足工程控制地层变形的实际需要。
本文的研究成果对该工程的施工具有理论指导意义,对其他类似的工程也具有借鉴意义。
With the rapid development of urban infrastructure construction, shallow mining method is widely applied in underground projects such as metros, underground streets. However, the theoretical study is far behind engineering practice.
Taking a project in Tianjin as the background, the mechanisms of pipe-roof pre-support and leading conduit pre-reinforce in shallow tunnels were analyzed by using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and other research tools. And the whole construction procession of shallow tunnel was also simulated. Research obtained the following results:
(1)Pipe roofs used to restrict the soil deformation, leading conduit pre-reinforcement and core soils used to maintain the tunnel face stability are very important to control the ground settlement, to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment and to provide the security for the construction work.
(2)The calculated results show that pipe roofs, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and the length of reinforcement can partly affect the ground settlement and the surface subsidence. It also indicates that the function of reinforcement can be taken into account by changing the elastic modulus and the Poisson’s ratio during the analysis. Pipe-roof support can restrain ground deformation and the leading conduit improves the stability of tunnel face, which makes the tunnel excavation process safer.
(3)The tunnel construction procession is simulated. The development of surface subsidence, ground settlement, plastic zones and the force of pipe-roofs and tunnel initial support were analyzed, which verified that pipe-roof pre-support and leading conduit pre-reinforce in shallow tunnels can meet the requirements of ground deformation.
The conclusions in this paper can give construction guidance for the actual project and also be referred by other similar projects.
1、管棚预支护、超前小导管注浆加固土体、预留核心土等限制掌子面前方土体变形和维持掌子面稳定的措施,对控制地层位移、减小对周边环境的影响、保证隧道施工安全起到至关重要的作用。
2、数值计算的结果表明:管棚的有无、土体的弹性模量、泊松比、注浆加固体的长度等因素对地层位移、地表沉降均有一定的影响;在数值分析中可以通过改变单元的弹性模量、泊松比等参数来模拟注浆加固体的作用;管棚支护能够抑制地层变形,超前小导管注浆能够提高掌子面的稳定性,使隧道开挖更安全。
3、对隧道的整个施工过程进行数值模拟,通过分析地表沉降、地层位移、围岩塑性区发展变化趋势及管棚和初期支护的受力情况,验证了管棚预支护、超前小导管注浆加固能够满足工程控制地层变形的实际需要。
本文的研究成果对该工程的施工具有理论指导意义,对其他类似的工程也具有借鉴意义。
With the rapid development of urban infrastructure construction, shallow mining method is widely applied in underground projects such as metros, underground streets. However, the theoretical study is far behind engineering practice.
Taking a project in Tianjin as the background, the mechanisms of pipe-roof pre-support and leading conduit pre-reinforce in shallow tunnels were analyzed by using theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and other research tools. And the whole construction procession of shallow tunnel was also simulated. Research obtained the following results:
(1)Pipe roofs used to restrict the soil deformation, leading conduit pre-reinforcement and core soils used to maintain the tunnel face stability are very important to control the ground settlement, to reduce the impact on the surrounding environment and to provide the security for the construction work.
(2)The calculated results show that pipe roofs, elastic modulus, Poisson’s ratio and the length of reinforcement can partly affect the ground settlement and the surface subsidence. It also indicates that the function of reinforcement can be taken into account by changing the elastic modulus and the Poisson’s ratio during the analysis. Pipe-roof support can restrain ground deformation and the leading conduit improves the stability of tunnel face, which makes the tunnel excavation process safer.
(3)The tunnel construction procession is simulated. The development of surface subsidence, ground settlement, plastic zones and the force of pipe-roofs and tunnel initial support were analyzed, which verified that pipe-roof pre-support and leading conduit pre-reinforce in shallow tunnels can meet the requirements of ground deformation.
The conclusions in this paper can give construction guidance for the actual project and also be referred by other similar projects.
引文
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[5]丁文其,袁森林,杨宏伟,等.管棚–箱涵工法中管棚作用分析与设计方法研究[J].结构工程师,2008,24(2):11–15.
[6]姜志强,刘青松,张书丰.地铁隧道管棚支护下矿山法施工数值模拟[J].山西建筑,2009,35(30):310-311.
[7]夏才初,龚建伍,陈佑新,等.滑行道下超长管棚–箱涵顶进地表沉降分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2008,27(4):696–702.
[8]闫丽.煤矿中深部管棚支护数值模拟[J].山西建筑,2009,35(24):103–104.
[9]郭海柱,郑瑞杰,杨德磊.浅埋暗挖过街地道施工关键技术分析[J].低温建筑技术,2008,6:70–72.
[10]姜景山,陈浩,张洪威.崇文门车站下穿地铁既有线施工变形控制措施[J].铁道标准设计,2005,10:85–88.
[11]姜景山,陈浩.地铁沉降的注浆恢复施工[J].铁道勘察,2005,31(5):79–81.
[12]陈浩,姜景山,姚海波.崇文门车站过既有线管棚施工及变形分析[J].隧道建设,2006,26(1):78–80.
[13]武建伟,宋卫东.浅埋暗挖管棚超前预支护的受力分析[J].岩土工程技术,2007,21(3):116–121.
[14]苟德明,阳军生,张戈.浅埋暗挖隧道管棚变形监测及受力机制分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007, 26 (6) :1258 - 1264.
[15]苟德明,阳军生,高世军.下穿公路连拱隧道双层管棚预加固作用数值分析[J].长江交通学院学报,2008,24(2):16 - 22.
[16]周智勇,陈建宏,赵建平.浅埋暗挖隧道管棚支护机理力学分析[J].科技导报,2009,5:47 - 51.
[17]向俊宇,傅鹤林,聂春龙.浅埋大跨度隧道管棚支护进洞三维有限差分法分析[J].南华大学学报(自然科学版), 2008, 22(3): 70–73.
[18]董新平,彭中和.浅埋地下工程管棚法施工中合理管棚直径分析[J].岩土工程学报, 2007 (9): 1355 - 1360 .
[19]周顺华.软弱地层浅埋暗挖施工中管棚法的棚架原理[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(14):2565 - 2570
[20]周顺华,庄丽,王炳龙,等.管棚成孔失水引起地表沉降因素分析[J].中国铁道科学,2006,27(1):23 - 26
[21]董新平,周顺华,胡新朋.软弱地层管棚法施工中管棚作用空间分析[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(7):841-845.
[22]董新平,胡新朋,周顺华.软弱地层管棚作用特性判别和分析[ J ].地下空间与工程学报, 2006 (4) : 631-634 .
[23]董新平,周顺华.软弱地层管棚荷载传递作用分析[J].现代隧道技术, 2005, 42(6): 24–29.
[24]周顺华.软弱地层采用管棚法施工的棚架基理及参数分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报, 2005, 24 (14) :2565 - 2570
[25]周顺华,张先锋,佘才高,等.南京地铁软流塑地层浅埋暗挖法施工技术的探讨[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(3):526–531.
[26]郑俊杰,章荣军,杨庆年.浅埋隧道变基床系数下管棚的力学机制分析[J].岩土工程学报, 2009, 31(8): 1165–1171.
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[28]屈成忠,宋巍.不同工况下基床系数的取值研究[J].东北电力大学学报, 2009 ,29(1) : 8 - 12 .
[29]张明聚,江一帆,潘庆明,等.采用双参数地基模型分析管棚变形及内力特征[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(9):938–942.
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