仪征化纤埋地管网防腐管理信息系统的设计与开发
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摘要
为了提高埋地管网的防腐管理水平，利用计算机代替人工管理已是必然的趋势。
本文以仪征化纤的埋地管网的防腐管理为背景，开发了埋地管网防腐管理信息系统，该系统由查询、预测、设计、维护和计算五个子系统组成。本文在开发系统的过程中，使用了具有广阔应用前景的数值算法一边界单元法、目前国际上发展迅速的前沿交叉学科人工神经网络、数据库基本原理，并利用Visual C++和Delphi进行了具体的实现，取得了如下成果：
(1)根据数据库原理和防腐管理的实际需要，建立埋地管网管理所需的数据库，并用SQL Sever进行了实现。
(2)对埋地管线阴极保护的电位分布建立了数学模型，首次考虑了管线自身的电阻对电位分布的影响，并用边界单元法对模型进行了求解，用Visual C++根据边界单元算法编制了计算程序来求解电位分布，经验证模型正确，程序可用。
(3)对BP神经网络算法进行了改进，并用基因算法对改进的BP神经网络算法进行了优化，利用人工神经网络对金属材料的大气腐蚀和土壤腐蚀作了预测模型，用Visual C++编制了改进的BP神经网络算法程序和基因算法程序，经验证模型正确，具有实用性。
(4)对整个管理系统进行了设计，并用Delphi开发了系统。系统具有实用性。
整个系统界面友好，操作方便，具有很好的可移植性、可维护性和可扩充性。软件的开发应用可使仪征化纤的埋地管网管理水平得到大大的提高，使其管理更科学化、系统化，确保地下管网的正常运行提供了有力的保障。
With the improvement of the anticorrosion management level, computer management is the new inevitable trend.
The anticorrosion MlS(management information system) is developed based on the anticorrosion management of underground pipelines in Chemical Fiber Co. Ltd Yizheng. The system is composed of query, forecast, design, calculate and maintenance. In the process of the development, boundary element method(BEM), artificial neural network(ANN) and the database principle were used. The system was developed with Delphi 6.0 and Visual C++ 6.0.
In this paper, the following research fruits were achieved:
(1)Built the database based on the principle of database.
(2)Made a mathematical model for the potential distribution of cathodical protection on underground pipelines, in which the major innovation is the inclusion of nonnegligible ohmic voltage drops in the pipelines. BEM was used to calculate the values of potential, and the calculation program was obtained.
(3)Improved the algorithm of BP ANN, optimized BP ANN using gene algorithm, made a mathematical model for atmosphere corrosion and soil corrosion of metal. Built the ANN algorithm program.
(4) The new system was designed, and it was developed with Delphi, the reliable system was obtained.
The interface of the system is friendly and the operation is convenient. The system makes anticorrosion management more scientific and systematic.
本文以仪征化纤的埋地管网的防腐管理为背景，开发了埋地管网防腐管理信息系统，该系统由查询、预测、设计、维护和计算五个子系统组成。本文在开发系统的过程中，使用了具有广阔应用前景的数值算法一边界单元法、目前国际上发展迅速的前沿交叉学科人工神经网络、数据库基本原理，并利用Visual C++和Delphi进行了具体的实现，取得了如下成果：
(1)根据数据库原理和防腐管理的实际需要，建立埋地管网管理所需的数据库，并用SQL Sever进行了实现。
(2)对埋地管线阴极保护的电位分布建立了数学模型，首次考虑了管线自身的电阻对电位分布的影响，并用边界单元法对模型进行了求解，用Visual C++根据边界单元算法编制了计算程序来求解电位分布，经验证模型正确，程序可用。
(3)对BP神经网络算法进行了改进，并用基因算法对改进的BP神经网络算法进行了优化，利用人工神经网络对金属材料的大气腐蚀和土壤腐蚀作了预测模型，用Visual C++编制了改进的BP神经网络算法程序和基因算法程序，经验证模型正确，具有实用性。
(4)对整个管理系统进行了设计，并用Delphi开发了系统。系统具有实用性。
整个系统界面友好，操作方便，具有很好的可移植性、可维护性和可扩充性。软件的开发应用可使仪征化纤的埋地管网管理水平得到大大的提高，使其管理更科学化、系统化，确保地下管网的正常运行提供了有力的保障。
With the improvement of the anticorrosion management level, computer management is the new inevitable trend.
The anticorrosion MlS(management information system) is developed based on the anticorrosion management of underground pipelines in Chemical Fiber Co. Ltd Yizheng. The system is composed of query, forecast, design, calculate and maintenance. In the process of the development, boundary element method(BEM), artificial neural network(ANN) and the database principle were used. The system was developed with Delphi 6.0 and Visual C++ 6.0.
In this paper, the following research fruits were achieved:
(1)Built the database based on the principle of database.
(2)Made a mathematical model for the potential distribution of cathodical protection on underground pipelines, in which the major innovation is the inclusion of nonnegligible ohmic voltage drops in the pipelines. BEM was used to calculate the values of potential, and the calculation program was obtained.
(3)Improved the algorithm of BP ANN, optimized BP ANN using gene algorithm, made a mathematical model for atmosphere corrosion and soil corrosion of metal. Built the ANN algorithm program.
(4) The new system was designed, and it was developed with Delphi, the reliable system was obtained.
The interface of the system is friendly and the operation is convenient. The system makes anticorrosion management more scientific and systematic.
引文
1．魏军，王威，郭冰冰．管理信息系统．北京：国防工业出版社．1999．3
2．李洪锡，叶隶，高洪雷，黄学昌．地下长输钢管阴极保护设计专家系统．97 全国城市地下管线防腐蚀工程技术交流会论文集，1997：72-76
3．李夏喜，刘笕，吴国荣，冯军，颜丹平．北京市天然气管网防腐管理系统的研究与推广应用．99 全国第三届埋地管线防腐蚀工程技术交流会论文集，1999：10-14
4．张立明．人工神经网络的模型及其应用．上海：复旦大学出版社，1993，15
5.Kohonon, T.,State of the art in neural computing, 1988
6.MeCulloch, W.C., Pitts,. W., A logical calculate of the ideas immanent in nervous activity, Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 1943,Vol.5:115-133
7.Hebb,. D.O., The Organization of behavior, John Wiley, New York, 1949
8.Hopfield, J.J., Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities, prcc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1982,Vol. 79:2554-2558
9．李静，神经网络软件开发系统与应用，大连理工大学硕士研究生论文，1998：2
10．周爱月，刘成，陈洪钫．用同伦延拓算法模拟复杂蒸馏过程(Ⅰ)模型与算法．化工学报，1995，46(4)：432-438
11．陈锦言，姚芳莲．人工神经网络及其在化学领域中的应用．计算机与应用化学，1999，16(3)：111-114
12．王克峰，袁一．神经元网络在化学工程中的应用与发展．化工进展，1996，3(1)：17-21
13.Hoskins, J.C., Himmelblau, D.C..Artificial neural network models of knowledge representation in chemical engineering. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 1998,12(9):45-52
14.D.C. Silverman. Artificial neural network predictions of degradation of nonmetallic lining materials from laboratory test. Corrosion. 1994,50(6), 411-418
15．齐连惠，张继群．基于神经网络的酸洗，缓蚀剂构效关系研究．腐蚀科学与防护技术，2001，13(1)：24-28
16．左绣荣，神经网络应用于合金元素对 SCM822H 钢性能影响的研究．钢铁研究学报．2000,14(1)，145-148
17．徐乃欣，邱枫，张承典．阴极保护系统中电位分布的数值计算．腐蚀与防护，1995，16(6)：249
18.J.A. Klingent, S.Lynn, C.W. Tobias. Electrochimical Acta, 1964,9:297-331
19.P. Doig,P.E.J.Flewitt. J.Electrochem. Soc, 1979:2057-2063
20.Roe Strommen, Arild Rodland. Materials Performance, 1981,8:15-20
21.H.P.E.Helle, G.H.M.Beek,J.TH. Ligtelijn, Corrosion, 1981,3 7(9):522-530
22.James T. Waber, Bertha, Fagan,J.Eleetrochem. Soc. 1956:64-72
23.Raymond S.Munn,Maerials Performance. 1982,May:29-36
24.RolfG.Kasper, Martin G. 1983,39(5):181-188
25.Fredholm, I.,Sur une classe d'equations fontionelles, Acta. Math, 1963, 27:365-390
26.Jaswon, M.A.,Integral equation methods in potential theory-I,Proc. Soc. Ser. Lond, 1963,A275:33 -46
27.Brebbia, C.A.Recent Advances in Boundary Element Methods, 1978
28.Brebbia,C.A.,Progress in Boundary Element Methods,Pentechpress,London, 1981
29.John W. Fu, Jimmy S.K. Chow, Corrosion. 1982:163
30.Einar Bardal, Roy Johnson,Rexolay Garrland,Corrsion, 1984,40(12):628-633
31.Hohm W. Fu, Corrosion, 1984,40(4):250
32.S.Aoki,K. Kishimoto,M.Sakara,Boundary Elements Ⅶ, 1985,1
33.D.J.Danson, M.A.Warne,Corrosion, 1983,39(4):211
34.A.J.Nowak,Boundary Elements Ⅶ,1985,2
35.J.C.Telles,L. C.Wrobel,W.J.Mansur, J.P.S.Azevedo,Boundary Elements Ⅶ, 1985,1
36.B.W. Cherry, M.Foo,T.H.Siaw, Corrosion, 1986,42(11):654-662
37.Yi Huang,Mitsumasa Iwara,Iai-fu Jin,Autumn Meeting of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan,November, 1990
38.R. Srrommen,W.K. eim, J.Finegan, P.M.ehdizadeh,Materials Performance, 1987, 2,23-28
39.J.C.F. Telles,W.J.Mansur, L.C.Wrober, M,G.Marinho,Corrosion, 1990,46(6):518-523
40.G.Finoly, A.Gernay, A. Giroud, Boundary Elements XIV..London:Computational Mechanics Publications, 1992,423
41.K.J.KenneUey, L.Bone,M.E.Orazem. Current and Potemtial distribution on a Coated Pipeline with Holidays,Corrosion, 1993,49(3), 199-210
42.S.L.D.C.Rrasil,J.C.ETelles. L. R. M.Miranda, Simulation of Coating Failures on Cathodically Preteeted pipelines,Corrosion,2000,56(11), 1180-1187
43.Rot Strommen,Arild rodland, Computerized Techinques Applied inDesign of Offshore Cathodic Pretecfion System, Materials Performance,1981,8
44.Mathematical Models for Cathodic Protection of an Underground Pipeline with Coating Holidays, Corrosion,53(3),1997,427-435
45.F. Brichau, J.Deconinck,A Numerical Model for Cathodic Protection of Buried Pipes,Corrosion, 50(1),1994,39-49
46．魏兆正．边界单元法及工程应用．大连：大连理工大学出版社．1989，28
47．张鸣镝，杜元龙．有限差分法计算海底管道阴极保护时的电位分布．中国腐蚀与防护学报．1994，14(3)，77-81
48．化学工业部化工机械研究院．腐蚀与防护手册．北京：化学工业出版社，1993，164
49．严谨，熊长清．含铜低合金钢耐大气腐蚀性能研究．中国腐蚀与防护学报，1986，6(1)，1-8
50．王云，甘株．2024 铝合金型材在不同气候区的大气腐蚀行为．腐蚀科学与防护技术，1993，5(4)，304-308
51．王海，常迪．广州市供水管网系统的设计与实现．计算机系统应用，1999，4，46
52．王强．地下金属管道的腐蚀与阴极保护．青海：青海人民出版社，1983，156
53．涂湘缃．实用防腐蚀工程施工手册，北京：化学工业出版社，2000，193-844
2．李洪锡，叶隶，高洪雷，黄学昌．地下长输钢管阴极保护设计专家系统．97 全国城市地下管线防腐蚀工程技术交流会论文集，1997：72-76
3．李夏喜，刘笕，吴国荣，冯军，颜丹平．北京市天然气管网防腐管理系统的研究与推广应用．99 全国第三届埋地管线防腐蚀工程技术交流会论文集，1999：10-14
4．张立明．人工神经网络的模型及其应用．上海：复旦大学出版社，1993，15
5.Kohonon, T.,State of the art in neural computing, 1988
6.MeCulloch, W.C., Pitts,. W., A logical calculate of the ideas immanent in nervous activity, Bulletin of Mathematical Biophysics, 1943,Vol.5:115-133
7.Hebb,. D.O., The Organization of behavior, John Wiley, New York, 1949
8.Hopfield, J.J., Neural networks and physical systems with emergent collective computational abilities, prcc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1982,Vol. 79:2554-2558
9．李静，神经网络软件开发系统与应用，大连理工大学硕士研究生论文，1998：2
10．周爱月，刘成，陈洪钫．用同伦延拓算法模拟复杂蒸馏过程(Ⅰ)模型与算法．化工学报，1995，46(4)：432-438
11．陈锦言，姚芳莲．人工神经网络及其在化学领域中的应用．计算机与应用化学，1999，16(3)：111-114
12．王克峰，袁一．神经元网络在化学工程中的应用与发展．化工进展，1996，3(1)：17-21
13.Hoskins, J.C., Himmelblau, D.C..Artificial neural network models of knowledge representation in chemical engineering. Computers and Chemical Engineering, 1998,12(9):45-52
14.D.C. Silverman. Artificial neural network predictions of degradation of nonmetallic lining materials from laboratory test. Corrosion. 1994,50(6), 411-418
15．齐连惠，张继群．基于神经网络的酸洗，缓蚀剂构效关系研究．腐蚀科学与防护技术，2001，13(1)：24-28
16．左绣荣，神经网络应用于合金元素对 SCM822H 钢性能影响的研究．钢铁研究学报．2000,14(1)，145-148
17．徐乃欣，邱枫，张承典．阴极保护系统中电位分布的数值计算．腐蚀与防护，1995，16(6)：249
18.J.A. Klingent, S.Lynn, C.W. Tobias. Electrochimical Acta, 1964,9:297-331
19.P. Doig,P.E.J.Flewitt. J.Electrochem. Soc, 1979:2057-2063
20.Roe Strommen, Arild Rodland. Materials Performance, 1981,8:15-20
21.H.P.E.Helle, G.H.M.Beek,J.TH. Ligtelijn, Corrosion, 1981,3 7(9):522-530
22.James T. Waber, Bertha, Fagan,J.Eleetrochem. Soc. 1956:64-72
23.Raymond S.Munn,Maerials Performance. 1982,May:29-36
24.RolfG.Kasper, Martin G. 1983,39(5):181-188
25.Fredholm, I.,Sur une classe d'equations fontionelles, Acta. Math, 1963, 27:365-390
26.Jaswon, M.A.,Integral equation methods in potential theory-I,Proc. Soc. Ser. Lond, 1963,A275:33 -46
27.Brebbia, C.A.Recent Advances in Boundary Element Methods, 1978
28.Brebbia,C.A.,Progress in Boundary Element Methods,Pentechpress,London, 1981
29.John W. Fu, Jimmy S.K. Chow, Corrosion. 1982:163
30.Einar Bardal, Roy Johnson,Rexolay Garrland,Corrsion, 1984,40(12):628-633
31.Hohm W. Fu, Corrosion, 1984,40(4):250
32.S.Aoki,K. Kishimoto,M.Sakara,Boundary Elements Ⅶ, 1985,1
33.D.J.Danson, M.A.Warne,Corrosion, 1983,39(4):211
34.A.J.Nowak,Boundary Elements Ⅶ,1985,2
35.J.C.Telles,L. C.Wrobel,W.J.Mansur, J.P.S.Azevedo,Boundary Elements Ⅶ, 1985,1
36.B.W. Cherry, M.Foo,T.H.Siaw, Corrosion, 1986,42(11):654-662
37.Yi Huang,Mitsumasa Iwara,Iai-fu Jin,Autumn Meeting of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan,November, 1990
38.R. Srrommen,W.K. eim, J.Finegan, P.M.ehdizadeh,Materials Performance, 1987, 2,23-28
39.J.C.F. Telles,W.J.Mansur, L.C.Wrober, M,G.Marinho,Corrosion, 1990,46(6):518-523
40.G.Finoly, A.Gernay, A. Giroud, Boundary Elements XIV..London:Computational Mechanics Publications, 1992,423
41.K.J.KenneUey, L.Bone,M.E.Orazem. Current and Potemtial distribution on a Coated Pipeline with Holidays,Corrosion, 1993,49(3), 199-210
42.S.L.D.C.Rrasil,J.C.ETelles. L. R. M.Miranda, Simulation of Coating Failures on Cathodically Preteeted pipelines,Corrosion,2000,56(11), 1180-1187
43.Rot Strommen,Arild rodland, Computerized Techinques Applied inDesign of Offshore Cathodic Pretecfion System, Materials Performance,1981,8
44.Mathematical Models for Cathodic Protection of an Underground Pipeline with Coating Holidays, Corrosion,53(3),1997,427-435
45.F. Brichau, J.Deconinck,A Numerical Model for Cathodic Protection of Buried Pipes,Corrosion, 50(1),1994,39-49
46．魏兆正．边界单元法及工程应用．大连：大连理工大学出版社．1989，28
47．张鸣镝，杜元龙．有限差分法计算海底管道阴极保护时的电位分布．中国腐蚀与防护学报．1994，14(3)，77-81
48．化学工业部化工机械研究院．腐蚀与防护手册．北京：化学工业出版社，1993，164
49．严谨，熊长清．含铜低合金钢耐大气腐蚀性能研究．中国腐蚀与防护学报，1986，6(1)，1-8
50．王云，甘株．2024 铝合金型材在不同气候区的大气腐蚀行为．腐蚀科学与防护技术，1993，5(4)，304-308
51．王海，常迪．广州市供水管网系统的设计与实现．计算机系统应用，1999，4，46
52．王强．地下金属管道的腐蚀与阴极保护．青海：青海人民出版社，1983，156
53．涂湘缃．实用防腐蚀工程施工手册，北京：化学工业出版社，2000，193-844