基于SA的集装箱堆场箱位寻址模型的研究
摘要
2009年以来,全球经济逐渐回暖,经济的全面复苏带动集装箱吞吐量再次高速增长,集装箱的快速发展带动集装箱码头的发展,码头吞吐量不断增长,港口面积和设备数量也不断增加。我国集装箱码头吞吐量的不断增长,对集装箱码头的运作提出了更高的要求。集装箱码头资源的有效管理和调度是集装箱码头畅通的必要保证。
集装箱堆场作为完整的物流系统的一个中转地,地位十分突出。随着我国现代港口的迅速发展,集装箱运输量的迅猛增加给码头带来了巨大的作业压力,倒箱作业(Restowing Operation)对堆场运作效率的影响日益突出。研究集装箱寻址模型,并在堆场信息系统中实现与应用,对于减少堆场集装箱倒箱率,提高堆场作业效率具有重要意义。本文对此进行了研究。
首先,简介集装箱港口、码头和堆场,堆场空间区域的划分、作业流程,分析倒箱操作的产生原因。其次,以倒箱量最小为目标,建立集装箱箱位寻址模型。第三,简介SA算法并予以改进,利用改进后的算法对模型进行优化,求得较优箱位寻址决策。第四,设计并初步实现基于RFID的堆场信息系统,将较优箱位寻址决策嵌入该系统中,实现箱位寻址功能。最后,设计并按照既定流程进行寻址模拟实验,对系统按照较优箱位寻址决策生成的箱位进行评价。
Snce 2009, along with the global economy has got warm again after a cold spell; container throughput is now taking on a high-speed growth momentum again. The rapid development of container driven the development of container terminal, along with the terminal throughput growth, port area and equipment quantity is also increasing. The container terminal throughput is constantly increasing, it requires container terminal can be operated more efficiently. The effective management and scheduling of container terminal resources is necessary to ensure the smooth flow of container terminal.
The position of Container Yard as a transit of a complete logistics system is very prominent. With the rapid development of modern port, the rapid increase in container traffic takes tremendous pressure to terminals. The impact of the restowing problem to the operational efficiency is increasingly prominent. The research on addressing model of the container and the application in the yard Information system is important to cut down the restowing rate and improve the operational efficiency. A study is conducted on this in this paper.
Firstly, the container port, wharf and Container Terminal is described, the differentiation of space area and the operating process is given, the cause of restowing operation is analyzed. Secondly, the addressing model of the container is established aim for the minimum of restowing amount. Thirdly, the SA algorithm is given and improved, and the improved algorithm is used to optimize the model, and obtain the optimum slot addressing decision. Fifthly, the yard information system based on RFID is designed and implemented. The optimum slot addressing decision is embedded in the system to achieve slot addressing. Finally, addressing simulation experiment is designed and carried out in accordance with established procedure, and the slot generated by the optimum decision is evaluated.
集装箱堆场作为完整的物流系统的一个中转地,地位十分突出。随着我国现代港口的迅速发展,集装箱运输量的迅猛增加给码头带来了巨大的作业压力,倒箱作业(Restowing Operation)对堆场运作效率的影响日益突出。研究集装箱寻址模型,并在堆场信息系统中实现与应用,对于减少堆场集装箱倒箱率,提高堆场作业效率具有重要意义。本文对此进行了研究。
首先,简介集装箱港口、码头和堆场,堆场空间区域的划分、作业流程,分析倒箱操作的产生原因。其次,以倒箱量最小为目标,建立集装箱箱位寻址模型。第三,简介SA算法并予以改进,利用改进后的算法对模型进行优化,求得较优箱位寻址决策。第四,设计并初步实现基于RFID的堆场信息系统,将较优箱位寻址决策嵌入该系统中,实现箱位寻址功能。最后,设计并按照既定流程进行寻址模拟实验,对系统按照较优箱位寻址决策生成的箱位进行评价。
Snce 2009, along with the global economy has got warm again after a cold spell; container throughput is now taking on a high-speed growth momentum again. The rapid development of container driven the development of container terminal, along with the terminal throughput growth, port area and equipment quantity is also increasing. The container terminal throughput is constantly increasing, it requires container terminal can be operated more efficiently. The effective management and scheduling of container terminal resources is necessary to ensure the smooth flow of container terminal.
The position of Container Yard as a transit of a complete logistics system is very prominent. With the rapid development of modern port, the rapid increase in container traffic takes tremendous pressure to terminals. The impact of the restowing problem to the operational efficiency is increasingly prominent. The research on addressing model of the container and the application in the yard Information system is important to cut down the restowing rate and improve the operational efficiency. A study is conducted on this in this paper.
Firstly, the container port, wharf and Container Terminal is described, the differentiation of space area and the operating process is given, the cause of restowing operation is analyzed. Secondly, the addressing model of the container is established aim for the minimum of restowing amount. Thirdly, the SA algorithm is given and improved, and the improved algorithm is used to optimize the model, and obtain the optimum slot addressing decision. Fifthly, the yard information system based on RFID is designed and implemented. The optimum slot addressing decision is embedded in the system to achieve slot addressing. Finally, addressing simulation experiment is designed and carried out in accordance with established procedure, and the slot generated by the optimum decision is evaluated.
引文
[1]孙世强,蔡鹏生.我国现代港口的发展趋势综论[J].商业文化(学术版),2009(01):91.
[2]王孟昌.集装箱码头堆场箱位动态分配优化策略研究[D].湖北:武汉理工大学,2007.
[3]黄晓科.传统港口到现代港口的转变——港口物流化[J].中国西部科技,2006(04):56-57.
[4]沈剑峰,金淳,高鹏.基于知识的集装箱堆场箱位分配计划研究[J].计算机应用研究,2007,24(9):146-148,151.
[5]Rommert Dekker, Patrick Voogd, Elecovan Asperen. Advanced methods for container stacking[J].OR Spectrum,2006,28(01):563-586.
[6]Kim K H, Park Y M, Ryu K R.Deriving decision rules tolocate export containers in container yards[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2000(124):89-101.
[7]Zhang,C,Resources planning in container storage yard[M].Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Hong Kong University of Science andTechnology,2000:61-99.
[8]Preston P, Kozan E. An approach to determine storage locations of containers at seaport terminals[J]. Computers & Operations Research,2001(28):983-995.
[9]Mark B.Duinkerken, Joseph J.M.Evers, Jaap A.Ottjes. A Simulation Model for Integrating Quay Transport and Stacking Policies on Automated Container Terminals[J].Proceedings of the 15th European Simulation Muticonference(ESM2001),2001(06) :153-158.
[10]Taleb-Ibrahimi M, Castiho B De. Daganso C F. Stonage Space Vs Handling Work in Container Terminals[J].Transportation Research B,1993(27):13-32.
[11]杨淑芹,张运杰,王志强.集装箱堆场问题的一个数学模型及其算法(英文)[J].大连海事大学学报,2002(s1):115-117.
[12]计三有,高悦文.集装箱堆场减少倒箱率方法研究[J].水运工程,2006(08):53-56,61.
[13]郝聚民,纪卓尚,林焰.混合顺序作业堆场BAY优化模型[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):102-105.
[14]紧海龙.紧凑型集装箱码头重箱堆场堆存策略应用研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2010.
[15]魏众,申金生肖荣娜等.港口集装箱码头轮胎式龙门吊优化调度研究[J].中国工程科学,2007,9(08):47-51.
[16]任现元,高学玲.集装箱堆场倒箱产生的原因及解决方法[J].集装箱化,1999(9):20-21.
[17] ImaiA, Sasakik, NishinuraE, etalMulti-objective simultaneous stowage and load planning for a container ship with container rehandle in yard stacks[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2006,171(2):373-389.
[18]Kin K H. Evaluation of the number of rehandles in container yards [J].Computers & Industrial Engineering 1997,32(4):701-711.
[19] LeeYS, HsuNY. An optinazation model for the container premarshalling problem[J].European Journal of Operational Resrearch,2007,3(183):1433-1446.
[20]袁福昌,李国湛,张君山.集装箱装卸搬运机械[M].武汉,港口装卸杂志社.1988.
[21]王孟昌.集装箱码头堆场箱位动态分配优化策略研究[D].湖北:武汉理工大学,2007.
[22]段东东.最小生成树算法及其应用[J].2010,28(1):55-57.
[23]康立山,谢云,罗祖华.非数值并行算法(第一册)模拟退火算法(M).北京,科学出版社,1994.
[24]周杰明,邓迎春,黄娅.一种带记忆的模拟退火算法求解TSP问题[J].湖南文理学院学报(自然科学版).2010,22(2):70-73.
[25]卫家骏.出口集装箱堆场位置的优化[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2010,29(03):470-473.
[26]伦智峰.基于射频识别技术的铁路集装箱堆场管理信息系统的研究与实现[D].北京:北京交通大学,2008.
[27]匿名.解析无线射频识别(RFID)技术[J].电脑知识与技术(学术交流),,2006(24):32-36.
[28]孙海霞,薛茹.RFID系统的组成及工作原理[J].西藏科技,2008(9):59-60.
[29]周详.RFID技术在物联网中应用的关键技术探讨[D].江苏:江苏大学,2005.
[30]彭玉芳.RFID技术及在国内外的应用[J].中国无线电,2010(3):48-50.
[2]王孟昌.集装箱码头堆场箱位动态分配优化策略研究[D].湖北:武汉理工大学,2007.
[3]黄晓科.传统港口到现代港口的转变——港口物流化[J].中国西部科技,2006(04):56-57.
[4]沈剑峰,金淳,高鹏.基于知识的集装箱堆场箱位分配计划研究[J].计算机应用研究,2007,24(9):146-148,151.
[5]Rommert Dekker, Patrick Voogd, Elecovan Asperen. Advanced methods for container stacking[J].OR Spectrum,2006,28(01):563-586.
[6]Kim K H, Park Y M, Ryu K R.Deriving decision rules tolocate export containers in container yards[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2000(124):89-101.
[7]Zhang,C,Resources planning in container storage yard[M].Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Hong Kong University of Science andTechnology,2000:61-99.
[8]Preston P, Kozan E. An approach to determine storage locations of containers at seaport terminals[J]. Computers & Operations Research,2001(28):983-995.
[9]Mark B.Duinkerken, Joseph J.M.Evers, Jaap A.Ottjes. A Simulation Model for Integrating Quay Transport and Stacking Policies on Automated Container Terminals[J].Proceedings of the 15th European Simulation Muticonference(ESM2001),2001(06) :153-158.
[10]Taleb-Ibrahimi M, Castiho B De. Daganso C F. Stonage Space Vs Handling Work in Container Terminals[J].Transportation Research B,1993(27):13-32.
[11]杨淑芹,张运杰,王志强.集装箱堆场问题的一个数学模型及其算法(英文)[J].大连海事大学学报,2002(s1):115-117.
[12]计三有,高悦文.集装箱堆场减少倒箱率方法研究[J].水运工程,2006(08):53-56,61.
[13]郝聚民,纪卓尚,林焰.混合顺序作业堆场BAY优化模型[J].大连理工大学学报,2000,40(1):102-105.
[14]紧海龙.紧凑型集装箱码头重箱堆场堆存策略应用研究[D].上海:上海交通大学,2010.
[15]魏众,申金生肖荣娜等.港口集装箱码头轮胎式龙门吊优化调度研究[J].中国工程科学,2007,9(08):47-51.
[16]任现元,高学玲.集装箱堆场倒箱产生的原因及解决方法[J].集装箱化,1999(9):20-21.
[17] ImaiA, Sasakik, NishinuraE, etalMulti-objective simultaneous stowage and load planning for a container ship with container rehandle in yard stacks[J].European Journal of Operational Research,2006,171(2):373-389.
[18]Kin K H. Evaluation of the number of rehandles in container yards [J].Computers & Industrial Engineering 1997,32(4):701-711.
[19] LeeYS, HsuNY. An optinazation model for the container premarshalling problem[J].European Journal of Operational Resrearch,2007,3(183):1433-1446.
[20]袁福昌,李国湛,张君山.集装箱装卸搬运机械[M].武汉,港口装卸杂志社.1988.
[21]王孟昌.集装箱码头堆场箱位动态分配优化策略研究[D].湖北:武汉理工大学,2007.
[22]段东东.最小生成树算法及其应用[J].2010,28(1):55-57.
[23]康立山,谢云,罗祖华.非数值并行算法(第一册)模拟退火算法(M).北京,科学出版社,1994.
[24]周杰明,邓迎春,黄娅.一种带记忆的模拟退火算法求解TSP问题[J].湖南文理学院学报(自然科学版).2010,22(2):70-73.
[25]卫家骏.出口集装箱堆场位置的优化[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2010,29(03):470-473.
[26]伦智峰.基于射频识别技术的铁路集装箱堆场管理信息系统的研究与实现[D].北京:北京交通大学,2008.
[27]匿名.解析无线射频识别(RFID)技术[J].电脑知识与技术(学术交流),,2006(24):32-36.
[28]孙海霞,薛茹.RFID系统的组成及工作原理[J].西藏科技,2008(9):59-60.
[29]周详.RFID技术在物联网中应用的关键技术探讨[D].江苏:江苏大学,2005.
[30]彭玉芳.RFID技术及在国内外的应用[J].中国无线电,2010(3):48-50.