烟台市初中篮球教学现状与对策研究
|
摘要
学校体育是基础教育的重要组成部分,篮球运动作为学校体育教学的主要内容和学生最喜爱的运动项目之一,具有很好的教育和锻炼价值,对学生的身心发展具有积极地促进作用。随着社会的快速发展和教育改革的日益深入,篮球教学的改革也备受期待,从而适应21世纪高素质人才培养的需要。初中篮球教学是学校体育教学的基石,当前,关于初中篮球教学改革的研究与调查相对较少,缺乏改革方向和理论依据,致使初中篮球教学改革在整个教学改革中还处于比较薄弱的方面。怎样使篮球运动成为一种教育手段,充分发挥其育人作用,取决于篮球教学效果。本文拟通过烟台市初中篮球教学现状的调查研究,分析初中篮球教学中存在的问题,寻找解决问题的策略,以更好的服务于初中篮球的教学改革与发展。调查结果显示:
1.篮球教学计划制定不统一,篮球教学时数比重不合理,教学模式陈旧,教学手段和方法不够丰富,这些因素限制了烟台市篮球教学的发展。
2.篮球教师的性别比例失调,学历、职称结构不合理,进一步学习和培训的机会较少,综合素质有待进一步提高。
3.篮球教学不能满足学生多方面动机的需要,影响学生对篮球运动的热情。
4.篮球场地设施及器材建设相对滞后和不足,影响了教学活动和教学质量,不利于课堂教学和学生课外锻炼的顺利进行。
5.地方政府和教育主管部门以及学校领导对篮球教学改革的重视程度不够,挫伤了篮球教师进行教学改革的积极性。
针对研究结果,提出相应的对策:
1.以“新课标”和学校实际情况为依据实施篮球教学改革
2.优化教师结构,注重提高教师综合素质。
3.转变教学方式,激发、培养学生的学习动机。
4.地方政府及教育主管部门应重视初中篮球教学改革,加大体育设施的投入。
Physical education is the important part of elementary education. Basketball has the value of education and exercise as the main part of P.E. teaching and one of the most favorite game of students. And it can accelerate the growth of students. With the rapid development of our society and the reform of modern education, the reform of basketball teaching is looking forward to adapt to the needs of high qualified person of 21st century .Basketball teaching is the basis of P.E. for Junior High School. At present ,the research related to basketball teaching of Junior High School is less, and it is still lacking in the trends of reform and the accordance with theories . So the reform of basketball teaching in Junior High School is the weak link of the whole education reform .The effects of basketball teaching is the key to how to make basketball become a kind of educational means .In order to suit the reform and the development of basketball teaching , this paper intends to analyze the problems of basketball teaching and find out the solutions by means of the research and study of the current situation of basketball teaching of Junior High School in Yantai.
The results of research are as follows:
1. The development of basketball teaching in Yantai is restrained by the followings factors :the non‐uniformed basketball teaching plans, the unreasonable proportion of basketball teaching, the old‐fashioned teaching model, the poor teaching measures etc.
2. The comprehensive qualities of basketball teachers need improving ,such as the gender imbalance of basketball teachers, the unreasonable structure of academic qualification and professional titles, the lack of further study and training opportunities.
3. Basketball teaching influenced the enthusiasm of this game as it can not suit the needs of students’multi‐aspect motivation.
4. The comparative old and insufficient facilities of basketball teaching influenced the qualities of basketball teaching .Besides , it is not good for students to take exercise after school.
5. The local government ,the education administration and the school leaders attach less importance to the reform of basketball teaching .So the reform enthusiasm of basketball teachers is not very high.
The corresponding countermeasures according to the research results are as follows:
1. To put the basketball teaching reform into practice in accordance with the New Standard and the fact of local school .
2. To optimize the structure and improve the comprehensive qualities of P.E. teachers.
3. To change the teaching model and arouse the students’enthusiasm for basketball .
4. The local government and education administration should attach more importance on the reform of basketball teaching of Junior High School and increase the investment of sports facilities.
1.篮球教学计划制定不统一,篮球教学时数比重不合理,教学模式陈旧,教学手段和方法不够丰富,这些因素限制了烟台市篮球教学的发展。
2.篮球教师的性别比例失调,学历、职称结构不合理,进一步学习和培训的机会较少,综合素质有待进一步提高。
3.篮球教学不能满足学生多方面动机的需要,影响学生对篮球运动的热情。
4.篮球场地设施及器材建设相对滞后和不足,影响了教学活动和教学质量,不利于课堂教学和学生课外锻炼的顺利进行。
5.地方政府和教育主管部门以及学校领导对篮球教学改革的重视程度不够,挫伤了篮球教师进行教学改革的积极性。
针对研究结果,提出相应的对策:
1.以“新课标”和学校实际情况为依据实施篮球教学改革
2.优化教师结构,注重提高教师综合素质。
3.转变教学方式,激发、培养学生的学习动机。
4.地方政府及教育主管部门应重视初中篮球教学改革,加大体育设施的投入。
Physical education is the important part of elementary education. Basketball has the value of education and exercise as the main part of P.E. teaching and one of the most favorite game of students. And it can accelerate the growth of students. With the rapid development of our society and the reform of modern education, the reform of basketball teaching is looking forward to adapt to the needs of high qualified person of 21st century .Basketball teaching is the basis of P.E. for Junior High School. At present ,the research related to basketball teaching of Junior High School is less, and it is still lacking in the trends of reform and the accordance with theories . So the reform of basketball teaching in Junior High School is the weak link of the whole education reform .The effects of basketball teaching is the key to how to make basketball become a kind of educational means .In order to suit the reform and the development of basketball teaching , this paper intends to analyze the problems of basketball teaching and find out the solutions by means of the research and study of the current situation of basketball teaching of Junior High School in Yantai.
The results of research are as follows:
1. The development of basketball teaching in Yantai is restrained by the followings factors :the non‐uniformed basketball teaching plans, the unreasonable proportion of basketball teaching, the old‐fashioned teaching model, the poor teaching measures etc.
2. The comprehensive qualities of basketball teachers need improving ,such as the gender imbalance of basketball teachers, the unreasonable structure of academic qualification and professional titles, the lack of further study and training opportunities.
3. Basketball teaching influenced the enthusiasm of this game as it can not suit the needs of students’multi‐aspect motivation.
4. The comparative old and insufficient facilities of basketball teaching influenced the qualities of basketball teaching .Besides , it is not good for students to take exercise after school.
5. The local government ,the education administration and the school leaders attach less importance to the reform of basketball teaching .So the reform enthusiasm of basketball teachers is not very high.
The corresponding countermeasures according to the research results are as follows:
1. To put the basketball teaching reform into practice in accordance with the New Standard and the fact of local school .
2. To optimize the structure and improve the comprehensive qualities of P.E. teachers.
3. To change the teaching model and arouse the students’enthusiasm for basketball .
4. The local government and education administration should attach more importance on the reform of basketball teaching of Junior High School and increase the investment of sports facilities.
引文
[1]中华人民共和国教育部.体育与健康课程标准[J].北京师范大学出版社,2001.7
[2]季浏,胡增荦.体育教育展望[M].华东师范大学出版社,2001.12
[3]袁振国.当代教育学[M].北京教育科学出版社,2005
[4]肖烯禹,平杰.体育教学模式的研究[J].体育教研,2002.9
[5]学校体育工作条例.1990年2月20日国务院批准
[6]彭聃龄主编.普通心理学[M].北京师大出版社,2001
[7]陆怡如译.激发学习动机[M].华东师范大学出版社,1998
[8]邹继豪,季克异,林志超.面向21世纪中国学校体育[M].大连理工大学出版社,2000.8
[1]体育院校专修通用教材.篮球运动教程[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2000:132～145
[2]叶国雄等.篮球运动研究必读[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1998:72～80
[3]孙民治.篮球纵横[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1996:38～42
[4]杨柳锁等.篮球知识大全[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1991:112～113
[5]全国体育院校教材委员会.篮球运动高级教程[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2000:156～159
[6]编委会.篮球大辞典[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1993:165～168
[7]马振洪.篮球[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,1998:85～88
[8]刘涛.体育教育训练学[M].华艺出版社,1999:55～62
[9]马启伟.体育心理学[M].高等教育出版社,1993:110～115
[10]毛振明.探索成功的体育教学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2001.9。
[11]中华人民共和国教育部.深化教育改革全面推动素质教育[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999:185～189
[12]朱慕菊.走进新课程一与课程实施对话[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002
[13]董翠香.中国基础教育体育课程对体育教学改革的启示[J].北京体育大学学报,2003(3)
[14]张力为,毛志雄.运功心理学[M],华东师范大学出版社,2003
[15]王春生.篮球比赛中运动员消极情绪及其调整与克服[J].武汉体育学院学报,2003(5):151～153
[16]梁秀平.多媒体技术在篮球教学中的运用[J],辽宁高职学报,2002(4)
[17]谭朕斌.现代篮球运动训练的主要特征及我国篮球训练中存在的主要问题和对策[J].北京体育师范学院学报,1998(3):64～68
[18]施旭东.篮球运动中的观察力及其训练[J].中国体育教练员,2003(4):43～44
[19]高瞻.我国篮球教学理论的发展与特征研究[J].首都体育学院学报,2003(3):61～63
[20]姚蕾.中国学校体育教育现状与思考[J].体育科学,2004(1):68一73
[21]文福祥.篮球运动的特点与发展规律[J].武汉体育学院学报,1998(5):21～29
[22]王守恒,张跃华,魏伟.篮球运动攻守对抗的理性思考[J].北京体育大学学报,1999(2):117～120
[23]佟铸,李贵阳.体育教学评价现状及改革趋势[J].体育学刊,2003(5)
[24]刘玉林.世界篮球运动发展趋势和我国篮球运动改革现状[J].成都体育学院报,2000 (2):69～72
[25]薛岚.论篮球运动的本质特征及发展趋向[J].北京体育大学学报,2001(1):12～14
[26]丁云霞等.高校体育与全民健身计划之关系[J].上海体育学院学报,2002(11)
[27]全国体育学院教材编审组.运动生理学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1990
[28]赖锦松,李刚.篮球运动的供能特点和科学训练[J].湛江师范学院学报,2002(6):86～88
[29]孙义良.篮球运动员临场心理躁动与教练员的心理调控[J].武汉体育学院学报,2003(7):130～132
[30]邱红武.发展篮球运动是实施全民健身计划的有效途径[J].龙岩师专学报,2000(8)
[31]季红英.试论学校体育改革与全民健身的关系[J].南京体育学院学报,2002(10)
[32]陈述先.高校如何培养高水平排球队[J].体育博览,1999(6)
[33]周雷.对我国普通高校高水平运动队培养目标与管理的研究[J].体育科学,1996(6)
[34]邵伟德.体育教学心理学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2004
[35]杭兰平.篮球教学中培养学生情商的研究与实践[J].武汉体育学院学报,2002
[36]郭永波主编.篮球运动教程[M].北京体育出版社,2005
[37]孙民治.现代篮球高级教程[M].人民教育出版社,2004
[38]阮永福等.论现代篮球运动的体能训练[J].合肥工业大学学报(社) ,2005
[39]曹阳.浅谈体育游戏在体育教学中的应用[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2005(11)
[40]罗希尧.体育教材教法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1989.7
[41]刘福林.体育游戏[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,1997.5
[42]邓平等编著.体育游戏[M].高等教育出版社,1996
[2]季浏,胡增荦.体育教育展望[M].华东师范大学出版社,2001.12
[3]袁振国.当代教育学[M].北京教育科学出版社,2005
[4]肖烯禹,平杰.体育教学模式的研究[J].体育教研,2002.9
[5]学校体育工作条例.1990年2月20日国务院批准
[6]彭聃龄主编.普通心理学[M].北京师大出版社,2001
[7]陆怡如译.激发学习动机[M].华东师范大学出版社,1998
[8]邹继豪,季克异,林志超.面向21世纪中国学校体育[M].大连理工大学出版社,2000.8
[1]体育院校专修通用教材.篮球运动教程[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2000:132～145
[2]叶国雄等.篮球运动研究必读[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1998:72～80
[3]孙民治.篮球纵横[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1996:38～42
[4]杨柳锁等.篮球知识大全[M].郑州:河南科学技术出版社,1991:112～113
[5]全国体育院校教材委员会.篮球运动高级教程[M].北京:人民体育出版社,2000:156～159
[6]编委会.篮球大辞典[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1993:165～168
[7]马振洪.篮球[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,1998:85～88
[8]刘涛.体育教育训练学[M].华艺出版社,1999:55～62
[9]马启伟.体育心理学[M].高等教育出版社,1993:110～115
[10]毛振明.探索成功的体育教学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2001.9。
[11]中华人民共和国教育部.深化教育改革全面推动素质教育[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999:185～189
[12]朱慕菊.走进新课程一与课程实施对话[M].北京:北京师范大学出版社,2002
[13]董翠香.中国基础教育体育课程对体育教学改革的启示[J].北京体育大学学报,2003(3)
[14]张力为,毛志雄.运功心理学[M],华东师范大学出版社,2003
[15]王春生.篮球比赛中运动员消极情绪及其调整与克服[J].武汉体育学院学报,2003(5):151～153
[16]梁秀平.多媒体技术在篮球教学中的运用[J],辽宁高职学报,2002(4)
[17]谭朕斌.现代篮球运动训练的主要特征及我国篮球训练中存在的主要问题和对策[J].北京体育师范学院学报,1998(3):64～68
[18]施旭东.篮球运动中的观察力及其训练[J].中国体育教练员,2003(4):43～44
[19]高瞻.我国篮球教学理论的发展与特征研究[J].首都体育学院学报,2003(3):61～63
[20]姚蕾.中国学校体育教育现状与思考[J].体育科学,2004(1):68一73
[21]文福祥.篮球运动的特点与发展规律[J].武汉体育学院学报,1998(5):21～29
[22]王守恒,张跃华,魏伟.篮球运动攻守对抗的理性思考[J].北京体育大学学报,1999(2):117～120
[23]佟铸,李贵阳.体育教学评价现状及改革趋势[J].体育学刊,2003(5)
[24]刘玉林.世界篮球运动发展趋势和我国篮球运动改革现状[J].成都体育学院报,2000 (2):69～72
[25]薛岚.论篮球运动的本质特征及发展趋向[J].北京体育大学学报,2001(1):12～14
[26]丁云霞等.高校体育与全民健身计划之关系[J].上海体育学院学报,2002(11)
[27]全国体育学院教材编审组.运动生理学[M].北京:人民体育出版社,1990
[28]赖锦松,李刚.篮球运动的供能特点和科学训练[J].湛江师范学院学报,2002(6):86～88
[29]孙义良.篮球运动员临场心理躁动与教练员的心理调控[J].武汉体育学院学报,2003(7):130～132
[30]邱红武.发展篮球运动是实施全民健身计划的有效途径[J].龙岩师专学报,2000(8)
[31]季红英.试论学校体育改革与全民健身的关系[J].南京体育学院学报,2002(10)
[32]陈述先.高校如何培养高水平排球队[J].体育博览,1999(6)
[33]周雷.对我国普通高校高水平运动队培养目标与管理的研究[J].体育科学,1996(6)
[34]邵伟德.体育教学心理学[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,2004
[35]杭兰平.篮球教学中培养学生情商的研究与实践[J].武汉体育学院学报,2002
[36]郭永波主编.篮球运动教程[M].北京体育出版社,2005
[37]孙民治.现代篮球高级教程[M].人民教育出版社,2004
[38]阮永福等.论现代篮球运动的体能训练[J].合肥工业大学学报(社) ,2005
[39]曹阳.浅谈体育游戏在体育教学中的应用[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2005(11)
[40]罗希尧.体育教材教法[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1989.7
[41]刘福林.体育游戏[M].北京:北京体育大学出版社,1997.5
[42]邓平等编著.体育游戏[M].高等教育出版社,1996