东14区块微相单砂体内部建筑结构及剩余油分析
|
摘要
随着油田开发的不断深入,用科学合理的方法寻找剩余油是油田开发工作的主题。开展油田精细地质、储层流动单元、单砂体内部建筑结构研究,能够夯实油田开发的地质基础,为寻找剩余油提供依据。
本文运用高分辨率层序地层学、精细沉积学理论,对榆树林油田东14区块扶杨油层进行了高分辨率层序地层、大面积密井网的沉积体系～沉积微相、储层分布研究,并建立相应的地质知识库,针对单砂体平面、层内(小层韵律性)非均质性已不能满足高含水期、三次采油阶段的需求,其既不能揭示单砂体内部物性空间变化及分布,更忽略了单砂体内非渗透薄夹层(多<30cm)对储层非均质性的影响,提出按反映单砂体成因、形成微过程及内部结构的储层建筑结构,研究单砂体内部三维非均质性的思想,并结合曲流点坝单一侧积体沉积模式及其侧叠模式,建立了“渗透率向凸岸、向上减小的新月形楔状侧积体,逐一斜列侧叠,其间被非渗透侧积薄夹层隔开”的曲流河道砂体“建筑结构控三维非均质模式”,揭示了以往忽视的、但对单砂体内部三维非均质性至关重要的不渗透薄夹层及其遮挡-阻流格架;也由此客观地揭示了单砂体内部物性基本单元(侧积砂体)及其三维分布规律,从而真正反映了单砂体内部三维非均质性的本质,并由此对单砂体内部渗流场、注入剂驱油和剩余油形成与分布产生的重要影响,这将对高含水期、三次采油阶段及其以后的剩余油研究、预测具有重要意义。
With the constant deepening of field development, looking for remaining oil with scientific and reasonable methods is becoming the theme of the development of oil fields. A solid geological foundation can be made by carrying out researches of detailed oilfield geology, reservoir flow units, and internal architecture of individual sandstone body, thus can provide a basis for looking for the remaining oil.
Theories of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and detailed sedimentology are used in this thesis, to do researches of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, depositional system ~ sedimentary microfacies of large area infilled well pattern, and reservoir distribution, as well as establishing relevant geological knowledge base. In view of that two-dimensional and intrastratal(rhythmicity of sublayers) heterogeneity of individual sandstone body cannot meet the demands during the period of high water cut stage and tertiary phase, because it not only cannot reveal the spatial variation and distribution of a single sand body’s internal physical properties, but also neglected the affections on reservoir heterogeneity of impervious thin-interbeds (most of which are less than 30cm)in an individual sand body; The idea that three-dimensional heterogeneity within a single sand body should be studied according to the reservoir architecture which reflects its origin, forming process and internal structure is proposed. Combining depositional model of single lateral accretion body of meandering stream point bar and its lateral stacking model,“architecture controlled three-dimensional heterogeneous model”of the meandering stream channel sand body in which“crescent wedge-shaped lateral accretion bodies, in which permeability decreases upward and to the convex shore, are diagonal and lateral stacked one by one, and are isolated by impervious lateral accreting thin-interbeds”. Impermeable thin-interbeds and their shelter-barrier frame which was neglected before but is utmost important to internal three-dimensional heterogeneity of single sand body is revealed. And thus the basic unit of internal physical properties of a single sand body(lateral accretion sand body) and its three-dimensional distribution law are revealed objectively. So the essence of internal three-dimensional heterogeneity of a single sandbody is reflected, and great impact can be produced to internal seepage field of a single sand body, formation and distribution of injectant displacing oil and remaining oil. There will be great significance to study and prediction of remaining oil during high water cut stage, tertiary oil recovery phases and posterior period.
本文运用高分辨率层序地层学、精细沉积学理论,对榆树林油田东14区块扶杨油层进行了高分辨率层序地层、大面积密井网的沉积体系～沉积微相、储层分布研究,并建立相应的地质知识库,针对单砂体平面、层内(小层韵律性)非均质性已不能满足高含水期、三次采油阶段的需求,其既不能揭示单砂体内部物性空间变化及分布,更忽略了单砂体内非渗透薄夹层(多<30cm)对储层非均质性的影响,提出按反映单砂体成因、形成微过程及内部结构的储层建筑结构,研究单砂体内部三维非均质性的思想,并结合曲流点坝单一侧积体沉积模式及其侧叠模式,建立了“渗透率向凸岸、向上减小的新月形楔状侧积体,逐一斜列侧叠,其间被非渗透侧积薄夹层隔开”的曲流河道砂体“建筑结构控三维非均质模式”,揭示了以往忽视的、但对单砂体内部三维非均质性至关重要的不渗透薄夹层及其遮挡-阻流格架;也由此客观地揭示了单砂体内部物性基本单元(侧积砂体)及其三维分布规律,从而真正反映了单砂体内部三维非均质性的本质,并由此对单砂体内部渗流场、注入剂驱油和剩余油形成与分布产生的重要影响,这将对高含水期、三次采油阶段及其以后的剩余油研究、预测具有重要意义。
With the constant deepening of field development, looking for remaining oil with scientific and reasonable methods is becoming the theme of the development of oil fields. A solid geological foundation can be made by carrying out researches of detailed oilfield geology, reservoir flow units, and internal architecture of individual sandstone body, thus can provide a basis for looking for the remaining oil.
Theories of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy and detailed sedimentology are used in this thesis, to do researches of high-resolution sequence stratigraphy, depositional system ~ sedimentary microfacies of large area infilled well pattern, and reservoir distribution, as well as establishing relevant geological knowledge base. In view of that two-dimensional and intrastratal(rhythmicity of sublayers) heterogeneity of individual sandstone body cannot meet the demands during the period of high water cut stage and tertiary phase, because it not only cannot reveal the spatial variation and distribution of a single sand body’s internal physical properties, but also neglected the affections on reservoir heterogeneity of impervious thin-interbeds (most of which are less than 30cm)in an individual sand body; The idea that three-dimensional heterogeneity within a single sand body should be studied according to the reservoir architecture which reflects its origin, forming process and internal structure is proposed. Combining depositional model of single lateral accretion body of meandering stream point bar and its lateral stacking model,“architecture controlled three-dimensional heterogeneous model”of the meandering stream channel sand body in which“crescent wedge-shaped lateral accretion bodies, in which permeability decreases upward and to the convex shore, are diagonal and lateral stacked one by one, and are isolated by impervious lateral accreting thin-interbeds”. Impermeable thin-interbeds and their shelter-barrier frame which was neglected before but is utmost important to internal three-dimensional heterogeneity of single sand body is revealed. And thus the basic unit of internal physical properties of a single sand body(lateral accretion sand body) and its three-dimensional distribution law are revealed objectively. So the essence of internal three-dimensional heterogeneity of a single sandbody is reflected, and great impact can be produced to internal seepage field of a single sand body, formation and distribution of injectant displacing oil and remaining oil. There will be great significance to study and prediction of remaining oil during high water cut stage, tertiary oil recovery phases and posterior period.
引文
[1]邓宏文,王红亮,宁宁.沉积物体积分配原理—高分辨率层序地层学的理论基础[J].地学前缘,2000,4,P305—313.
[2]邓宏文,王红亮,等.层序地层基准面的识别、对比技术及应用[J].石油与天然气地质,1996,17(3)177—184.
[3]冯志琨,张兴金,马世忠等.低渗透砂岩油田开发地质分析[M].黑龙江科技出版社.1994.5.
[4]綦敦科.临江地区扶杨油层有利储层研究及油气富集区预测[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2005.
[5]马世忠,杨清彦.曲流点坝沉积模式、三维构形及其非均质模型.沉积学报,2000,
[6].邓宏文,王洪亮,李小孟.高分辨率层序地层对比在河流相中的应用[J] .石油与天地质,1997,18(2),90～114.
[7] T.A.Cross. Stratigraphic Controls on Reservior Attributes in Continental Strata [J]. Earth science frotiers,2000,7(4):322～350.
[8] Miall,A.D. The Geology of fluvial deposits[M].1996.
[9] Miall,A.D. The Geology of stratigraphic sequences[M].1997.
[10] Miall,A.D. Principles of sedimentary basin analysis[M].2000.
[11] Miall , A.D.Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial andstone:Lessons from outcrop tudies[J].AAPG Bulletin,1988,72(6).55~62.
[12] Daniellih M.C. Flow units vs depositional cycles in field development, Reeves San Andres Field, Yoakum country, TX, SPE premain basin oil and gas recovery CONF (MIDLAND, TX, 3/27-29/96) PROC PP ,1996,343~348.
[13] Martinius A.W, Nieuwenhuijs R.A. Geological description of flow units in channel sandstones in a fluvial reservoir analogue (Loranca Basin, Spain), PETROL GEOSCI V 1, NO 3, AUG 1995.237~252.
[14] Henry W Posamentier.Paul Weimer siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy and petroleum geology where to from here [J].AAPG Bulletin,1993,77(5):731～742.
[15]邓宏文,王红亮,李小猛.高分辨率层序地层在河流相储层分析中的应用,石油与天然气地质[J].1997,18(2)90—95.
[16]高兴友,许小勇,李颖,等.大庆油田长春岭背斜带扶余油层沉积相特征[J].内蒙古石油化,2007,3:252-253.
[17]大庆油田石油地质志编辑委员会编中国石油地质志(卷二、上)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.23—156.
[18]胡望水,等.松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨[J].地质科学,2005.40(1):16-31.
[19] T.A.Cross,M.R..Maker,et.al,Applications of High—resolution Sequence Stratigraphyto Reservoir Analysis,1993,Proceedings of the 7th Exploration and Production Researeh Conference. Paris.TechniP. P11—33.
[20] J.C.Ramon and T.A.Cross , 1997 , Characterization and Prediction of Reservoir Architecture and PetroPhysical ProPerties in Fluvial ChannelS and stones,Middle Magdalena Basin,Colombia. CT&F. SCiencia,Techlogiay Future.Vol.1 Num.3.
[21] Juan Carlos and T.A.Cross,Correlation Strategies and Methods in Continenta1 Strata,MiddleMagdalena Basin,Colombia.1998(Lecture in Liaohe oilfield,China).
[22]邓宏文,樊太亮,等.惠民凹陷第三系高精度层序地层及岩性藏分布预测[J].2001,11,25.
[23]曹树春.储集层精细描述的新思路[J].地质科技情报,2001,20(l),P39—43.
[24] Wheeler, HE, Baseleve, lithosphere surface and time stratigraphy. Bull. Geol. Soc. America. 1964, 75:599—610.
[25]邓宏文,王红亮,等.柴北缘地区地层层序及生、储、盖配置关系.科研报告,1999.
[26]邓宏文,王红亮,等.渤中凹陷西斜坡区东营组高分辨率层序地层与储层预测.科研报告,1996.
[27]邓宏文,樊太亮,王红亮,等.胜海地区馆陶组河流相储层预测与评价.科研报告,1997.
[28]马世忠.松辽盆地河流-三角洲体系高分辨率层序地层学、储层构型及非均质模型研究[D].中国科学院研究生院,2003.
[29]于波,付国民,李永军,等.樊家川油田河流相储层高分辨率层序地层特征[J].地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(1):53～58.
[30]赵澄林.沉积学原理.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.91.
[31]冯增昭主编.沉积岩石学[M].石油出版社,1993.77—10.
[32]梁积伟,李文厚.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组高分辨层序地层学研究[J].沉积学报,2006,4,24(2):251-258.
[33]陈波,张昌民,韩定坤等.干旱气候条件下陆相高分辨层序地层特征研究[J].沉积学报,2007,2,25(1):21-28.
[34] Richard G.Hoy and Kenneth D.Ridgway. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of fan-delta and river-delta deposystems,Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation,Colorado.AAPG BULLETIN,V.87,NO.7(July 2003),pp.1169-1191.
[35] Henry W Posamentier.Paul Weimer siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy and petroleum geology-where to from here[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1993,77(5):731—742.
[36] Shanley K W et al. perspective of continental sequence stratigraphy[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(4):544—568.
[37] Helland-Hansen et al. Shoreline trajectories and sequences[J]. Geological Society of AmericaBulletin,1996,109(6):671—687.
[38] Weimer, P. Sequence stratigraphy, facies geometries, and depositional history of the Mississippi fan, Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1990, 74(4): 425—453.
[39]刘波,赵翰卿,于会宇,等.储集层的两种精细对比方法讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(6).
[40]刘建民,徐守余.河流相储层沉积模式及对剩余油分布的控制[J].石油学报,2003年第24卷第1期58~61.
[41]樊太亮,吕延仓等,层序地层体制中的陆相储层发育特征[J].地学前缘,V7,No.4,2000.
[42]吕晓光,赵翰卿等.河流相储层平面连续性精细描述[J] .石油学报,1997,第18卷第2期66—70.
[43] Shaw A.Reynolds T, Warren E D. Integrated description of a complex low/gross sandstone reservoir :upper subzones of the Endicott Field, N Slope of Alaska. 1996, SPE35496.153~154.
[44]曹树春.储集层精细描述的新思路[J].地质科技情报, 2001,第20卷第1期39~43.
[2]邓宏文,王红亮,等.层序地层基准面的识别、对比技术及应用[J].石油与天然气地质,1996,17(3)177—184.
[3]冯志琨,张兴金,马世忠等.低渗透砂岩油田开发地质分析[M].黑龙江科技出版社.1994.5.
[4]綦敦科.临江地区扶杨油层有利储层研究及油气富集区预测[D].北京:中国地质大学(北京),2005.
[5]马世忠,杨清彦.曲流点坝沉积模式、三维构形及其非均质模型.沉积学报,2000,
[6].邓宏文,王洪亮,李小孟.高分辨率层序地层对比在河流相中的应用[J] .石油与天地质,1997,18(2),90～114.
[7] T.A.Cross. Stratigraphic Controls on Reservior Attributes in Continental Strata [J]. Earth science frotiers,2000,7(4):322～350.
[8] Miall,A.D. The Geology of fluvial deposits[M].1996.
[9] Miall,A.D. The Geology of stratigraphic sequences[M].1997.
[10] Miall,A.D. Principles of sedimentary basin analysis[M].2000.
[11] Miall , A.D.Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial andstone:Lessons from outcrop tudies[J].AAPG Bulletin,1988,72(6).55~62.
[12] Daniellih M.C. Flow units vs depositional cycles in field development, Reeves San Andres Field, Yoakum country, TX, SPE premain basin oil and gas recovery CONF (MIDLAND, TX, 3/27-29/96) PROC PP ,1996,343~348.
[13] Martinius A.W, Nieuwenhuijs R.A. Geological description of flow units in channel sandstones in a fluvial reservoir analogue (Loranca Basin, Spain), PETROL GEOSCI V 1, NO 3, AUG 1995.237~252.
[14] Henry W Posamentier.Paul Weimer siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy and petroleum geology where to from here [J].AAPG Bulletin,1993,77(5):731～742.
[15]邓宏文,王红亮,李小猛.高分辨率层序地层在河流相储层分析中的应用,石油与天然气地质[J].1997,18(2)90—95.
[16]高兴友,许小勇,李颖,等.大庆油田长春岭背斜带扶余油层沉积相特征[J].内蒙古石油化,2007,3:252-253.
[17]大庆油田石油地质志编辑委员会编中国石油地质志(卷二、上)[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993.23—156.
[18]胡望水,等.松辽盆地构造演化及成盆动力学探讨[J].地质科学,2005.40(1):16-31.
[19] T.A.Cross,M.R..Maker,et.al,Applications of High—resolution Sequence Stratigraphyto Reservoir Analysis,1993,Proceedings of the 7th Exploration and Production Researeh Conference. Paris.TechniP. P11—33.
[20] J.C.Ramon and T.A.Cross , 1997 , Characterization and Prediction of Reservoir Architecture and PetroPhysical ProPerties in Fluvial ChannelS and stones,Middle Magdalena Basin,Colombia. CT&F. SCiencia,Techlogiay Future.Vol.1 Num.3.
[21] Juan Carlos and T.A.Cross,Correlation Strategies and Methods in Continenta1 Strata,MiddleMagdalena Basin,Colombia.1998(Lecture in Liaohe oilfield,China).
[22]邓宏文,樊太亮,等.惠民凹陷第三系高精度层序地层及岩性藏分布预测[J].2001,11,25.
[23]曹树春.储集层精细描述的新思路[J].地质科技情报,2001,20(l),P39—43.
[24] Wheeler, HE, Baseleve, lithosphere surface and time stratigraphy. Bull. Geol. Soc. America. 1964, 75:599—610.
[25]邓宏文,王红亮,等.柴北缘地区地层层序及生、储、盖配置关系.科研报告,1999.
[26]邓宏文,王红亮,等.渤中凹陷西斜坡区东营组高分辨率层序地层与储层预测.科研报告,1996.
[27]邓宏文,樊太亮,王红亮,等.胜海地区馆陶组河流相储层预测与评价.科研报告,1997.
[28]马世忠.松辽盆地河流-三角洲体系高分辨率层序地层学、储层构型及非均质模型研究[D].中国科学院研究生院,2003.
[29]于波,付国民,李永军,等.樊家川油田河流相储层高分辨率层序地层特征[J].地球科学与环境学报,2005,27(1):53～58.
[30]赵澄林.沉积学原理.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.91.
[31]冯增昭主编.沉积岩石学[M].石油出版社,1993.77—10.
[32]梁积伟,李文厚.鄂尔多斯盆地东北部山西组高分辨层序地层学研究[J].沉积学报,2006,4,24(2):251-258.
[33]陈波,张昌民,韩定坤等.干旱气候条件下陆相高分辨层序地层特征研究[J].沉积学报,2007,2,25(1):21-28.
[34] Richard G.Hoy and Kenneth D.Ridgway. Sedimentology and sequence stratigraphy of fan-delta and river-delta deposystems,Pennsylvanian Minturn Formation,Colorado.AAPG BULLETIN,V.87,NO.7(July 2003),pp.1169-1191.
[35] Henry W Posamentier.Paul Weimer siliciclastic sequence stratigraphy and petroleum geology-where to from here[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1993,77(5):731—742.
[36] Shanley K W et al. perspective of continental sequence stratigraphy[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1994,78(4):544—568.
[37] Helland-Hansen et al. Shoreline trajectories and sequences[J]. Geological Society of AmericaBulletin,1996,109(6):671—687.
[38] Weimer, P. Sequence stratigraphy, facies geometries, and depositional history of the Mississippi fan, Gulf of Mexico[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 1990, 74(4): 425—453.
[39]刘波,赵翰卿,于会宇,等.储集层的两种精细对比方法讨论[J].石油勘探与开发,2001,28(6).
[40]刘建民,徐守余.河流相储层沉积模式及对剩余油分布的控制[J].石油学报,2003年第24卷第1期58~61.
[41]樊太亮,吕延仓等,层序地层体制中的陆相储层发育特征[J].地学前缘,V7,No.4,2000.
[42]吕晓光,赵翰卿等.河流相储层平面连续性精细描述[J] .石油学报,1997,第18卷第2期66—70.
[43] Shaw A.Reynolds T, Warren E D. Integrated description of a complex low/gross sandstone reservoir :upper subzones of the Endicott Field, N Slope of Alaska. 1996, SPE35496.153~154.
[44]曹树春.储集层精细描述的新思路[J].地质科技情报, 2001,第20卷第1期39~43.