面向物联网应用的大容量光纤光栅传感网络的研究
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摘要
物联网是物物之间的互联网络,通过传感网络和计算机网络使物物之间进行信息交互,在智能交通、环境监测、政府工作、智能消防、工业监测、食品溯源等多个领域有广泛的应用,是21世纪重要的智能化信息基础设施。而传感器技术、信号传输技术和智能信息处理技术是物联网的技术基础,因此本文从物联网对传感器及其网络的要求出发,针对传统光纤传感网络的在系统容量、多参数测量等方面的不足,研究面向物联网的大容量光纤光栅传感网络。
本文的主要内容包括：
一、理论分析并模拟了大容量光纤光栅传感网络的系统性能,结果表明：以超低反射率光纤光栅构成的大容量光纤传感网络性能优良。
二、设计并制作了时域反射式低反射率光纤光栅传感网络,试验了在线写入光纤光栅阵列的方法,并对此传感网络的性能进行测试。
(a)对其空间定位功能进行测试,结果表明,其空间定位功能优良。
(b)对其应力响应进行测试,结果表明其应变响应良好。
(c)对其波长噪声进行测试,得到0.02nm的波长典型测量精度,可知系统噪声对波长测量的精度影响较大。
(d)以火灾报警的光纤传感系统为应用实例,对其测量速度进行测试,得到单次扫描的时间为4s以内,速度较快。
三、设计并制作了频域反射式光纤光栅传感网络,并对其进行理论分析和模拟,设计了相应的测量程序,并对优化后的方案进行了实测。结果表明：增加了可用带宽,也提高了有效扫描时间和扫描的平稳性。
结合频域反射技术与时域反射技术各自的优点,设计了一种光纤传感网络的新方案,实现高低分辨率相结合。
四、将大容量、多参数光纤光栅传感网络技术、自动化技术、通信技术、数据处理技术及桥梁安全评估技术等应用于桥梁工程领域,构成了物联网系统,以实时监测反映桥梁安全状况的关键参数,并加以分析,以此可合理地进行交通管制；并科学地指导工程决策,实施有效的桥梁养护、维修与加固工程。
Internet of Things is the network for information interaction of things through sensing network and computer network, it is applied in intelligent transportation, environment monitoring, government affairs, intelligent fire extinguishing, industry monitoring, food tracing et. al., and it is the information infrastructure in21st century. Sensing technology, information transmission technology and Intelligent information processing technology is the base of internet of things, so large capacity optical FBG sensing network is researched in this thesis orienting the demand of the sensor and sensing network for internet of things, aiming the deficiency of traditional fiber sensing network on system capacity and multi parameter measurement et. al..
The main contents of this thesis include:
(1) Theoretic analysis and simulation of large capacity FBG sensing network are researched, and the result shows that large capacity sensing network based on ultra low reflective FBG performs better.
(2)OTDR(optical frequency domain reflectometor) sensing network based on Ultra low reflective FBG is designed and manufactured, online FBG array writing method is tried, and the function of the network is tested.
(a) Experiment for testing its location function shows that the location will perform very well.
(b) Experiment for testing its strain response shows that its strain response also performed well.
(c) Experiment for testing its wave shift noise shows that a typical accuracy of0.02nm is gained, so the noise affects the wave measurement accuracy heavily.
(d) Experiment for testing its measurement speed shows that, for the fire warning application, mono scanning time is within4s, so the system is fairly fast.
(3)OFDR(optical frequency domain reflectometor) sensing network based on FBG is designed and manufactured, theoretic analysis and simulation is also done, and an optimized scheme is tested, the result of testing shows that the optimized sensor raised the useful bandwidth and effective scanning time, and improve the smoothness during the scanning.
To combine the merit of OTDR and OFDR, a new scheme of distributed sensing system is designed.
High capacity and multi-parameter FBG sensing network technology, automation, communication, data processing technology and bridge safety evaluation technology are applied on bridge engineering, and composed into internet of things to monitor critical parameters of safety situation, and the parameters are analyzed for traffic control, directing engineering decision and bridge maintaining.
本文的主要内容包括：
一、理论分析并模拟了大容量光纤光栅传感网络的系统性能,结果表明：以超低反射率光纤光栅构成的大容量光纤传感网络性能优良。
二、设计并制作了时域反射式低反射率光纤光栅传感网络,试验了在线写入光纤光栅阵列的方法,并对此传感网络的性能进行测试。
(a)对其空间定位功能进行测试,结果表明,其空间定位功能优良。
(b)对其应力响应进行测试,结果表明其应变响应良好。
(c)对其波长噪声进行测试,得到0.02nm的波长典型测量精度,可知系统噪声对波长测量的精度影响较大。
(d)以火灾报警的光纤传感系统为应用实例,对其测量速度进行测试,得到单次扫描的时间为4s以内,速度较快。
三、设计并制作了频域反射式光纤光栅传感网络,并对其进行理论分析和模拟,设计了相应的测量程序,并对优化后的方案进行了实测。结果表明：增加了可用带宽,也提高了有效扫描时间和扫描的平稳性。
结合频域反射技术与时域反射技术各自的优点,设计了一种光纤传感网络的新方案,实现高低分辨率相结合。
四、将大容量、多参数光纤光栅传感网络技术、自动化技术、通信技术、数据处理技术及桥梁安全评估技术等应用于桥梁工程领域,构成了物联网系统,以实时监测反映桥梁安全状况的关键参数,并加以分析,以此可合理地进行交通管制；并科学地指导工程决策,实施有效的桥梁养护、维修与加固工程。
Internet of Things is the network for information interaction of things through sensing network and computer network, it is applied in intelligent transportation, environment monitoring, government affairs, intelligent fire extinguishing, industry monitoring, food tracing et. al., and it is the information infrastructure in21st century. Sensing technology, information transmission technology and Intelligent information processing technology is the base of internet of things, so large capacity optical FBG sensing network is researched in this thesis orienting the demand of the sensor and sensing network for internet of things, aiming the deficiency of traditional fiber sensing network on system capacity and multi parameter measurement et. al..
The main contents of this thesis include:
(1) Theoretic analysis and simulation of large capacity FBG sensing network are researched, and the result shows that large capacity sensing network based on ultra low reflective FBG performs better.
(2)OTDR(optical frequency domain reflectometor) sensing network based on Ultra low reflective FBG is designed and manufactured, online FBG array writing method is tried, and the function of the network is tested.
(a) Experiment for testing its location function shows that the location will perform very well.
(b) Experiment for testing its strain response shows that its strain response also performed well.
(c) Experiment for testing its wave shift noise shows that a typical accuracy of0.02nm is gained, so the noise affects the wave measurement accuracy heavily.
(d) Experiment for testing its measurement speed shows that, for the fire warning application, mono scanning time is within4s, so the system is fairly fast.
(3)OFDR(optical frequency domain reflectometor) sensing network based on FBG is designed and manufactured, theoretic analysis and simulation is also done, and an optimized scheme is tested, the result of testing shows that the optimized sensor raised the useful bandwidth and effective scanning time, and improve the smoothness during the scanning.
To combine the merit of OTDR and OFDR, a new scheme of distributed sensing system is designed.
High capacity and multi-parameter FBG sensing network technology, automation, communication, data processing technology and bridge safety evaluation technology are applied on bridge engineering, and composed into internet of things to monitor critical parameters of safety situation, and the parameters are analyzed for traffic control, directing engineering decision and bridge maintaining.
引文
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