中性束注入装置温度测控系统研究
摘要
中性束注入(Neutral Beam Injection,简称NBI)是托卡马克装置的四种常用加热方法之一。它具有原理简单、注入功率高等优点,随着托卡马克装置研究的深入,它已经越来越成为一种必不可少的加热手段。大量实验证明,中性束注入加热是迄今为止最成熟的辅助加热方法。
本文简要介绍了中国科学院等离子体物理研究所中性束注入装置。设计了中性束注入装置温度测量与控制系统,包括温度测量与控制设计方案的论证,测试系统类型的选择、系统的结构、功能和工作原理、硬件组成及软件开发平台的选择等;讨论了热电偶和基于以太网的SENSORAY 2600系列智能数据采集模块的结构和原理,八选一模块电路的设计和调试,系统软件的编写;利用所建造的温度测控系统开展了相关测试实验,对中性束注入装置各部件所产生的温升进行监控,并藉此计算出各部件上的束功率沉积,最后对实验中存在的误差进行了分析。
Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) heating is one of the four TOKAMAK heating methods. It has many advantages, such as the most explicit physical mechanism, the highest heating efficiency. Since profound research on TOKAMAK device, it is a necessary heating method. Many experiments have proved that NBI heating is the most effective auxiliary heating methods.
This article briefly introduces the neutral beam injection system in Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and demonstrates the design and research process of NBI temperature measurement and Control system, including scheme argumentation of temperature measurement and Control system, the choice of test system type, system structure, function and working theory, hardware composition and the choice of software development platform; several tache are discussed the choice of thermocouple and the structure and principle of Model 2600 Family data acquisition module based on Ethernet, the design and debugging of eight switch circuit, the design of the software, relative testing and so on. NBI temperature measurement and Control system is used to Control the temperature of every part in NBI equipment during experiment, and through measure the temperature of cooling water for the NBI equipment to get the beam power deposition on every parts. In addition, error in equipment is analyzed.
本文简要介绍了中国科学院等离子体物理研究所中性束注入装置。设计了中性束注入装置温度测量与控制系统,包括温度测量与控制设计方案的论证,测试系统类型的选择、系统的结构、功能和工作原理、硬件组成及软件开发平台的选择等;讨论了热电偶和基于以太网的SENSORAY 2600系列智能数据采集模块的结构和原理,八选一模块电路的设计和调试,系统软件的编写;利用所建造的温度测控系统开展了相关测试实验,对中性束注入装置各部件所产生的温升进行监控,并藉此计算出各部件上的束功率沉积,最后对实验中存在的误差进行了分析。
Neutral Beam Injection (NBI) heating is one of the four TOKAMAK heating methods. It has many advantages, such as the most explicit physical mechanism, the highest heating efficiency. Since profound research on TOKAMAK device, it is a necessary heating method. Many experiments have proved that NBI heating is the most effective auxiliary heating methods.
This article briefly introduces the neutral beam injection system in Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and demonstrates the design and research process of NBI temperature measurement and Control system, including scheme argumentation of temperature measurement and Control system, the choice of test system type, system structure, function and working theory, hardware composition and the choice of software development platform; several tache are discussed the choice of thermocouple and the structure and principle of Model 2600 Family data acquisition module based on Ethernet, the design and debugging of eight switch circuit, the design of the software, relative testing and so on. NBI temperature measurement and Control system is used to Control the temperature of every part in NBI equipment during experiment, and through measure the temperature of cooling water for the NBI equipment to get the beam power deposition on every parts. In addition, error in equipment is analyzed.
引文
[1]国家自然科学基金委员会.等离子体物理学.北京:科学出版社,1994:57.
[2]姜韶风,周才品,王德泰等.HL-1M中性束注入系统研制及中性束加热实验初步.核聚变与等离子体物理,1999:19(4):213-218.
[3]М.Д.葛波维奇著.万春候 译.等离子体离子源物理与技术.北京:科学出版社,1976:4.
[4]胡立群.EAST托卡马克的中性束注入方案.核技术,2006:Vol.9(2):149-152.
[5]张华顺.离子源和大功率中性束源.北京:原子能出版社,1999.
[6]Tsai C C,Davis R C,Haselton H H,et al.Duopigatron ion sources for PLT injectors.Engineering Problems of Fusion Research,1979,33(6):1310-1313.
[7]石秉人.磁约束聚变原理与实践.北京:原子能出版社,1999:188-192.
[8]Hammond D P,Brookes C E.A calorimeter system for high intensity neutral beams.Proc of SOFT.USA:Garmisch PartenKirchen,1978:307-312.
[9]胡立群,张晓东,姚若河.核核技术.Vol.29(2):149-152.
[10]朱士尧.核聚变原理.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1992:192-210.
[11]Jinchoon Kim,Vacuum pumping of multigawatt neutral beam injection lines,J.Vac.Technol.A2(2),Apr/June,1984:1180-1186.
[12]张秀彬.热工测量原理及其现代技术.上海:上海交通大学出版社.1995.
[13]刘智民,谢俊,刘胜,等.DNB引出束流功率及剖面分布测量.强激光与粒子束.2005,17(12).
[14]胡立群.EAST托卡马克的中性束注入方案.核技术,2006:Vol.29(2),149-152.
[15]项志遴,余昌旋.高温等离子体诊断技术.上海:上海科学技术出版社.1982:6.123-125
[16]W.L.Rowan.Description of the Thermocouple Probe for the EAST Diagnostic Beam Line.2004.1.4.
[17]黄忠成.Framework的设计与应用——基于Windows Forms的应用开发实践.北京:电子工业出版社,2006:.10.
[18]梁恩主.Visual Basic 6.0编程与实例解析.北京:科学出版社,2002:4,1.
[19]秦云川,徐大专,李彤.测量仪器总线技术的发展与现状.中国仪器仪表,2005:8.
[20]张秀彬.热工测量原理及其现代技术.上海:上海交通大学出版社.1995.
[21]三○四所.热电偶.北京:国防工业出版社.1978.
[22]王魁汉.温度测量技术.沈阳:东北工学院,1989:80-82.
[23]于劲松,李行善,徐波.自动测试系统中的信号开关设计.测控技术,2004:23(8).
[24]康华光.电子技术基础(模拟部分).北京:高等教育出版社,1996.7.
[25]吉雷.Protel99从入门到精通.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社.2000.10,15-85
[26]Model 2600 Family Instruction Manual.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006.2,29-35.
[27]Model 2600 Family Instruction Manual.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006.2,1-16.
[28]Versatile Link Application Note 1035.Hewlett-Packard Co.,1995:1-3.
[29]康华光.电子技术基础(模拟部分).北京:高等教育出版社,1996.7,9-30.
[30]Model 2600 Family Programming Guide.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006:2,1-2.
[31]Model 2600 Family Programming Guide.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006:2,2-31.
[32]刘君华.现代检测技术与测试系统设计.西安:交通大学出版,1994:128-129.
[33]Nicolas M.M,Rafael H.A,Bonifacio M.B.A Thermocouple Model Based on Neural Networks.Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg,2001.
[34]R.Ince,H.S.Aytekin,A.T.Ince,U.Kerpic.Prediction of absolute Seebeck coefficients at ITS-90 temperatures using an artificial neural network.Elsevier Measurement 39,2006:130-136.
[2]姜韶风,周才品,王德泰等.HL-1M中性束注入系统研制及中性束加热实验初步.核聚变与等离子体物理,1999:19(4):213-218.
[3]М.Д.葛波维奇著.万春候 译.等离子体离子源物理与技术.北京:科学出版社,1976:4.
[4]胡立群.EAST托卡马克的中性束注入方案.核技术,2006:Vol.9(2):149-152.
[5]张华顺.离子源和大功率中性束源.北京:原子能出版社,1999.
[6]Tsai C C,Davis R C,Haselton H H,et al.Duopigatron ion sources for PLT injectors.Engineering Problems of Fusion Research,1979,33(6):1310-1313.
[7]石秉人.磁约束聚变原理与实践.北京:原子能出版社,1999:188-192.
[8]Hammond D P,Brookes C E.A calorimeter system for high intensity neutral beams.Proc of SOFT.USA:Garmisch PartenKirchen,1978:307-312.
[9]胡立群,张晓东,姚若河.核核技术.Vol.29(2):149-152.
[10]朱士尧.核聚变原理.合肥:中国科学技术大学出版社,1992:192-210.
[11]Jinchoon Kim,Vacuum pumping of multigawatt neutral beam injection lines,J.Vac.Technol.A2(2),Apr/June,1984:1180-1186.
[12]张秀彬.热工测量原理及其现代技术.上海:上海交通大学出版社.1995.
[13]刘智民,谢俊,刘胜,等.DNB引出束流功率及剖面分布测量.强激光与粒子束.2005,17(12).
[14]胡立群.EAST托卡马克的中性束注入方案.核技术,2006:Vol.29(2),149-152.
[15]项志遴,余昌旋.高温等离子体诊断技术.上海:上海科学技术出版社.1982:6.123-125
[16]W.L.Rowan.Description of the Thermocouple Probe for the EAST Diagnostic Beam Line.2004.1.4.
[17]黄忠成.Framework的设计与应用——基于Windows Forms的应用开发实践.北京:电子工业出版社,2006:.10.
[18]梁恩主.Visual Basic 6.0编程与实例解析.北京:科学出版社,2002:4,1.
[19]秦云川,徐大专,李彤.测量仪器总线技术的发展与现状.中国仪器仪表,2005:8.
[20]张秀彬.热工测量原理及其现代技术.上海:上海交通大学出版社.1995.
[21]三○四所.热电偶.北京:国防工业出版社.1978.
[22]王魁汉.温度测量技术.沈阳:东北工学院,1989:80-82.
[23]于劲松,李行善,徐波.自动测试系统中的信号开关设计.测控技术,2004:23(8).
[24]康华光.电子技术基础(模拟部分).北京:高等教育出版社,1996.7.
[25]吉雷.Protel99从入门到精通.西安:西安电子科技大学出版社.2000.10,15-85
[26]Model 2600 Family Instruction Manual.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006.2,29-35.
[27]Model 2600 Family Instruction Manual.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006.2,1-16.
[28]Versatile Link Application Note 1035.Hewlett-Packard Co.,1995:1-3.
[29]康华光.电子技术基础(模拟部分).北京:高等教育出版社,1996.7,9-30.
[30]Model 2600 Family Programming Guide.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006:2,1-2.
[31]Model 2600 Family Programming Guide.Sensoray Co.,Inc,2006:2,2-31.
[32]刘君华.现代检测技术与测试系统设计.西安:交通大学出版,1994:128-129.
[33]Nicolas M.M,Rafael H.A,Bonifacio M.B.A Thermocouple Model Based on Neural Networks.Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg,2001.
[34]R.Ince,H.S.Aytekin,A.T.Ince,U.Kerpic.Prediction of absolute Seebeck coefficients at ITS-90 temperatures using an artificial neural network.Elsevier Measurement 39,2006:130-136.