基于虚拟仪器的IGBT自动测试系统研究
摘要
新型功率开关器件IGBT具有耐压高、电流大、开关频率高、通态压降小等优越性能,越来越多地被应用到各类大中功率电力变换装置中,成为现代电力电子技术的主导器件。IGBT的特性参数是衡量IGBT性能的主要指标。IGBT的特性参数具有测试项目多、量程变化大、参数之间相互关联、部分瞬态参数快速突变等特点,使得对IGBT参数的测试尤其是时间参数的测试变得十分困难。目前国内外对IGBT参数的测试大部分靠人工,分步、分时进行,存在速度慢、精度低等缺点。因此研制IGBT的参数自动测试系统,具有重要的意义。
本文的主要研究工作和成果如下:
1.在深入研究IGBT工作原理的基础上,重点研究了主要参数的测试方法;提出了基于虚拟仪器技术的IGBT参数自动测试系统的设计方案;讨论了测试系统的硬件结构和选用的各种仪器的具体性能及其在系统中的作用。
2.构建了以计算机和LabVIEW软件为核心的IGBT自动测试系统,研制了主要参数测试电路。实验验证了该系统的有效性。
3.设计了IGBT虚拟仪器测试系统软件,实现了对IGBT主要参数的准确测量;研究了各种PWM算法,研制了虚拟单相SPWM信号发生器,该信号发生器频率在100Hz—10KHz范围内连续可调,为IGBT栅极驱动电路提供可控信号源;探讨了高速IGBT接通、关断时间参数测试方案。
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBT) is a novel power switching device which has the advantages of bearing high-voltage, high-current, high-switching-frequency、low-turn-on-resistance and so on. For these reasons, IGBT is used in all kinds of middle and large power transfer equipments as a predominant device. The characteristic parameters of IGBT play a key role in determination of its performance. Many parameters need to be tested, some parameters are interrelated, and the time parameters often change sharply, all these features make it very difficult to test the parameters of IGBT. The present manual measuring ways at home and abroad have the disadvantages of low speed and low-level efficiency. So the automatic test system of IGBT is needed urgently.
The main work and contributions of the dissertation are summarized as follows:
Firstly, the test method of the characteristic parameters was studied after investigating the component principle of IGBT. The scheme of the IGBT automatic test system was designed based on the Virtual Instrument technology. Then we discussed the structure of the system and analyzed the characteristics of the instruments used in the test system.
Secondly, the IGBT automatic test system was designed based on computer and LabVIEW. The primary test circuits were designed in the system. The experiments proved the validity of the IGBT automatic test system.
Finally, the software test system which could realize the function of testing all the characteristic parameters was designed. We designed a one-channel SPWM signal generator whose frequency can adjust from 100Hz to 10KHz. At last, we discussed the scheme of the test method of the time parameters based on the communication between oscillograph and LabVIEW.
本文的主要研究工作和成果如下:
1.在深入研究IGBT工作原理的基础上,重点研究了主要参数的测试方法;提出了基于虚拟仪器技术的IGBT参数自动测试系统的设计方案;讨论了测试系统的硬件结构和选用的各种仪器的具体性能及其在系统中的作用。
2.构建了以计算机和LabVIEW软件为核心的IGBT自动测试系统,研制了主要参数测试电路。实验验证了该系统的有效性。
3.设计了IGBT虚拟仪器测试系统软件,实现了对IGBT主要参数的准确测量;研究了各种PWM算法,研制了虚拟单相SPWM信号发生器,该信号发生器频率在100Hz—10KHz范围内连续可调,为IGBT栅极驱动电路提供可控信号源;探讨了高速IGBT接通、关断时间参数测试方案。
Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor(IGBT) is a novel power switching device which has the advantages of bearing high-voltage, high-current, high-switching-frequency、low-turn-on-resistance and so on. For these reasons, IGBT is used in all kinds of middle and large power transfer equipments as a predominant device. The characteristic parameters of IGBT play a key role in determination of its performance. Many parameters need to be tested, some parameters are interrelated, and the time parameters often change sharply, all these features make it very difficult to test the parameters of IGBT. The present manual measuring ways at home and abroad have the disadvantages of low speed and low-level efficiency. So the automatic test system of IGBT is needed urgently.
The main work and contributions of the dissertation are summarized as follows:
Firstly, the test method of the characteristic parameters was studied after investigating the component principle of IGBT. The scheme of the IGBT automatic test system was designed based on the Virtual Instrument technology. Then we discussed the structure of the system and analyzed the characteristics of the instruments used in the test system.
Secondly, the IGBT automatic test system was designed based on computer and LabVIEW. The primary test circuits were designed in the system. The experiments proved the validity of the IGBT automatic test system.
Finally, the software test system which could realize the function of testing all the characteristic parameters was designed. We designed a one-channel SPWM signal generator whose frequency can adjust from 100Hz to 10KHz. At last, we discussed the scheme of the test method of the time parameters based on the communication between oscillograph and LabVIEW.
引文
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[6]杨乐平,李海涛,杨磊.LabVIEW程序设计与应用[M](第二版),北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[7]刘君华主编,基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器设计[M],电子工业出版社.2003.1
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[15]GB/T 17007-199.绝缘栅双极型晶体管测试方法.
[16]张秀澹.IGBT特性的测量方法[J].电力电子技术,No.1,1997:68-70.
[17]张岐宁,王晓宝.IGBT 模块的测试[J].电力电子技术,Vol.39,No.1,2005:112-114.
[18]厦门硬道理工作室.二极管恢复时间测量.精选电子测量特例.
[19]彭端,彭珞丽.GTR和IGBT动态特性测试的研究[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,Vol.33,No.2,Apil.2000,100-103.
[20]尹海.IGBT驱动电路性能分析[J].电力电子技术,1998(3).
[21]曾繁玲.IGBT驱动和保护电路研究[J].仪表技术,2007(7).
[22]Anthony N.Githiari,Benjamin M.Gordon,Richard A.McMahon,Zhong-MinLi,Philip A.Mawby.A Comparison of IGBT Models for Use in Circuit Design.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS,VOL.14,NO.4,JULY 1999.
[23]P.R.Palmer,E.Santi,J.L.Hudgins,X.Kang,J.C.Joyce,P.Y.Eng,"Circuit Simulator Models for the Diode and IGBT with Full Temperature Dependent Features," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,vol.18,no.5,pp.1220-1229,September 2003.
[24]X.Kang,X.Wang,L.Lu,E.Santi,J.L.Hudgins,P.R.Palmer,"Physical modeling of IGBT turn on behavior," Proc.IEEE 38th Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting(IAS'03),Oct.2003.
[25]R.Chockawala,J.Catt,B.Pelly,"Gate Drive Considerations for IGBT Modules," IEEE IAS Rec.1992.
[26]National Instrument.Low-Cost E Series Multifunction DAQ.National Instruments,2003.
[27]陈海滨.基于PCI-6024E的虚拟仪器测试系统[J].电子技术,2003(8).
[28]曹源.组合汽车继电器特性的测试技术及系统研究[D],合肥工业大学硕士论文,2004.
[29]Tektronix Inc.TDS 200-Series Two Channel Digital Oscilloscope Programmer Manual.Tektronix Inc.,2001.
[30]鲁昌华,姚成忠,石洪源.基于虚拟仪器的IGBT自动测试系统[J].电子技术应用,2008(4).
[31]陆敬军.基于虚拟仪器的变频器测试与分析系统[D],上海交通大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[32]鲁昌华,高翠云,刘春.IPM的检测系统及检测方法研究[J],电子测量与仪器学报,2004年,第18卷,第3期,64-69.
[33]乔永伟.可控IPM的PWM信号源及IPM测试系统研究[D],合肥工业大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[34]王小妮,杨根兴.IPM自动测试平台的研究与实现[J].自控与测量,2003(5).
[35]姜岩峰,王小妮,杨根兴.IPM时间参数测试方法研究[J].北京机械工业学院学报.Vol17,No.4,2002(12).
[36]胡坚.基于虚拟仪器的雷达自动测试平台研制[D].华南理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[37]鲁昌华,姚成忠,汪涌.基于LabVIEW的SPWM信号发生器的设计[C].第五届全国信息获取与处理学术会议,2007.8.
[38]葛李,李扬,郑盈娜.基于GPIB总线技术的计算机集成测试系统设计[J].现代电子技术,2003(11).
[39]卢成武,种兰祥,张晓博.基于GPIB接口的数字存储示波器功能扩展[J].微计算机信息,2005(5).
[40]祁春清,曹丰文.一种IGBT关断时间测量电路的设计[J].电子设计应用,2005(4).
[41]苗盈瀛,高艳霞,李南.IGBT参数辨别中的波形采集技术.电气传动自动 化,2007(2).
[42]雷勇.虚拟仪器设计与实践[M].电子工业出版社,2005.
[43]罗霄,周毅等译.Jon Conway,Steve Watts著.软件工程方法在LabVIEW中的应用[M],清华大学出版社,2006.
[44]Weixing Lin.A New Approach to the Harmonic Analysis of SPWM Waves.Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE international Conference on Mechatronics and Automation.June 25-28,2006,Luoyang,China.
[45]Yang Ping,Shiping Yang.An Improved Algorithm for Harmonic Suppression of VVVF.Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics & Automation Niagara Falls,Canada,July 2005.
[2]刘国林,殷贯西,电子测量[M],机械工业出版社,2003年.
[3]张世箕,杨安禄,陈长龄.自动测试系统[M],成都:电子科技大学出版社,1994,80-89
[4]杨乐平等.虚拟仪器技术概论[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2003.
[5]卜雄沫,朱明武.虚拟仪器在自动测试中的应用[J].南京理工大学学报,2000,24(2):23-25
[6]杨乐平,李海涛,杨磊.LabVIEW程序设计与应用[M](第二版),北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[7]刘君华主编,基于LabVIEW的虚拟仪器设计[M],电子工业出版社.2003.1
[8]雷振山.LabVIEW7 Express实用技术教程[M].中国铁道出版社,2004.
[9]富士电机电子设备技术株式会社.富士IGBT模块应用手册.2004.5
[10]周志敏,周纪海,纪爱华.IGBT和IPM及其应用电路.人民邮电出版社.2006.3
[11]吴守箴,臧英杰等.电气传动的脉宽调制控制技术[M](第二版),北京:机械工业出版社,2002.
[12]王兆安,黄俊.电力电子技术[M](第四版).北京:机械工业出版社,2004.
[13]三菱电机株式会社.DIP-IPM verision3 应用技术资料.2003.
[14]吴忠智,吴加林.变频器应用手册[M].机械工业出版社.2004.
[15]GB/T 17007-199.绝缘栅双极型晶体管测试方法.
[16]张秀澹.IGBT特性的测量方法[J].电力电子技术,No.1,1997:68-70.
[17]张岐宁,王晓宝.IGBT 模块的测试[J].电力电子技术,Vol.39,No.1,2005:112-114.
[18]厦门硬道理工作室.二极管恢复时间测量.精选电子测量特例.
[19]彭端,彭珞丽.GTR和IGBT动态特性测试的研究[J].武汉水利电力大学学报,Vol.33,No.2,Apil.2000,100-103.
[20]尹海.IGBT驱动电路性能分析[J].电力电子技术,1998(3).
[21]曾繁玲.IGBT驱动和保护电路研究[J].仪表技术,2007(7).
[22]Anthony N.Githiari,Benjamin M.Gordon,Richard A.McMahon,Zhong-MinLi,Philip A.Mawby.A Comparison of IGBT Models for Use in Circuit Design.IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS,VOL.14,NO.4,JULY 1999.
[23]P.R.Palmer,E.Santi,J.L.Hudgins,X.Kang,J.C.Joyce,P.Y.Eng,"Circuit Simulator Models for the Diode and IGBT with Full Temperature Dependent Features," IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics,vol.18,no.5,pp.1220-1229,September 2003.
[24]X.Kang,X.Wang,L.Lu,E.Santi,J.L.Hudgins,P.R.Palmer,"Physical modeling of IGBT turn on behavior," Proc.IEEE 38th Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting(IAS'03),Oct.2003.
[25]R.Chockawala,J.Catt,B.Pelly,"Gate Drive Considerations for IGBT Modules," IEEE IAS Rec.1992.
[26]National Instrument.Low-Cost E Series Multifunction DAQ.National Instruments,2003.
[27]陈海滨.基于PCI-6024E的虚拟仪器测试系统[J].电子技术,2003(8).
[28]曹源.组合汽车继电器特性的测试技术及系统研究[D],合肥工业大学硕士论文,2004.
[29]Tektronix Inc.TDS 200-Series Two Channel Digital Oscilloscope Programmer Manual.Tektronix Inc.,2001.
[30]鲁昌华,姚成忠,石洪源.基于虚拟仪器的IGBT自动测试系统[J].电子技术应用,2008(4).
[31]陆敬军.基于虚拟仪器的变频器测试与分析系统[D],上海交通大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[32]鲁昌华,高翠云,刘春.IPM的检测系统及检测方法研究[J],电子测量与仪器学报,2004年,第18卷,第3期,64-69.
[33]乔永伟.可控IPM的PWM信号源及IPM测试系统研究[D],合肥工业大学硕士学位论文,2006.
[34]王小妮,杨根兴.IPM自动测试平台的研究与实现[J].自控与测量,2003(5).
[35]姜岩峰,王小妮,杨根兴.IPM时间参数测试方法研究[J].北京机械工业学院学报.Vol17,No.4,2002(12).
[36]胡坚.基于虚拟仪器的雷达自动测试平台研制[D].华南理工大学硕士学位论文,2005.
[37]鲁昌华,姚成忠,汪涌.基于LabVIEW的SPWM信号发生器的设计[C].第五届全国信息获取与处理学术会议,2007.8.
[38]葛李,李扬,郑盈娜.基于GPIB总线技术的计算机集成测试系统设计[J].现代电子技术,2003(11).
[39]卢成武,种兰祥,张晓博.基于GPIB接口的数字存储示波器功能扩展[J].微计算机信息,2005(5).
[40]祁春清,曹丰文.一种IGBT关断时间测量电路的设计[J].电子设计应用,2005(4).
[41]苗盈瀛,高艳霞,李南.IGBT参数辨别中的波形采集技术.电气传动自动 化,2007(2).
[42]雷勇.虚拟仪器设计与实践[M].电子工业出版社,2005.
[43]罗霄,周毅等译.Jon Conway,Steve Watts著.软件工程方法在LabVIEW中的应用[M],清华大学出版社,2006.
[44]Weixing Lin.A New Approach to the Harmonic Analysis of SPWM Waves.Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE international Conference on Mechatronics and Automation.June 25-28,2006,Luoyang,China.
[45]Yang Ping,Shiping Yang.An Improved Algorithm for Harmonic Suppression of VVVF.Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Mechatronics & Automation Niagara Falls,Canada,July 2005.