三种食用菌液体培养条件及其富集锌铁的初步研究
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摘要
食用菌易于培养,来源广泛。食用菌本身营养丰富,含有丰富的蛋白质、多糖、维生素、膳食纤维及其他活性成分。产品富集微量元素可提供有机微量元素外,还可以提供其他有益营养成分及活性成分。食用菌液体培养对设备的要求低,食用菌液体发酵成本低,菌龄容易控制,技术较成熟,而且富集的微量元素的种类可以人工控制。本文选取毛头鬼伞、紫丁香蘑和香菇为研究材料。利用食用菌对微量元素具有富集功能的特性,采用液体培养的方式对锌、铁进行了富集与转化研究,获得含有了锌、铁微量元素的菌丝体。
通过单因素实验、正交实验确定了最佳培养条件。结果如下,毛头鬼伞液体培养的最佳培养基:玉米粉3%,麸皮汁4%,KH_2PO_40.1%,MgSO_40.15%,最佳接种量10%,最适温度为22℃,最佳转速为150r/min;紫丁香蘑液体培养的最佳培养基:可溶性淀粉4%,酵母膏0.4%,KH_2PO_40.2%、MgSO_40.15%,最佳接种量10%,最适温度为24℃,最佳转速为150r/min;香菇液体培养的最佳培养基:葡萄糖3%,蛋白胨0.3%,KH_2PO_40.1%,MgSO_40.15%,最佳接种量15%,最适温度为24℃,最佳转速为120r/min。
通过单元素富集实验确定了锌、铁在培养基中的最适添加浓度。毛头鬼伞的最佳加锌量为60mg/L,此时的富集率为13.83%;紫丁香蘑的的最佳加锌量为40mg/L,此时的富集率为2.38%;香菇的最佳加锌量为40mg/L,此时的富集率为2.77%。这三种食用菌中毛头鬼伞对锌的富集能力最强,而紫丁香蘑的富集能力最弱。
考察了三种食用菌富铁的能力。毛头鬼伞的最佳加铁量为80mg/L,此时的富集率为20.19%;紫丁香蘑的的最佳加铁量为60mg/L,此时的富集率为6.24%;香菇的最佳加铁量为80mg/L,此时的富集率为15.69%。这三种食用菌中毛头鬼伞对铁的富集能力最强,而紫丁香蘑的富集能力最弱。紫丁香蘑在三种食用菌中富集锌铁能力最弱,而毛头鬼伞和香菇较为适合作为载体。
结果表明,适宜浓度的微量元素能够明显促进菌丝体的生长,提高菌丝体的生物转化能力。
Edible fungus is easliy to culture and source widely,it's Nutrient-rich and contains plentiful protein, polysaccharide,vitamin,diet fiber and other activity components.Product concentration microelement except to as organic microelement,it also could provide other beneficial nutrition and active component.Edible fungus liquid culture require low equipments,and the fermentation cost is also low.the age of bacteria is easy to control,technology is more mature and the kinds of microelement' enrichment can be control by manual. This paper selected Coprinus comatur,Lepista nuda,Lentinu edodes as study material.Because edible fungus have a characteristic of enriched microelement,we used the method of liquid culture to research the Zinc and Ferric's concentration and transformation.At the end we obtain the mycelium of Zinc,Ferric microelement.
We determined the best medium condition by single factor experiment and quadrature experiment.This is the result,the best medium of Coprinus comatur liquid culture is Corn flour 3%,Bran juice 4%, KH_2PO_40.1%,MgSO_40.15%,the best inoculum is 10%,the optimum temperature is 22℃,the best speed is 150 r/min.the best medium of Lepista nuda liquid culture is:4%Soluble starch,Yeast extract 0.4%, KH_2PO_40.2%、MgSO_40.15%,the best inoculation is 10%,the optimum temperature is 24℃,the best speed is 150 r/min.the best medium of Lentinu edodes liquid culture is:Glucose 3%,Peptone 0.3%,KH_2PO_40.1%, MgSO_40.15%,the best inoculation is 15%,the optimum temperature is 24℃,the best speed is 120r/min。
Single-enrichment experiment by elements identified Zinc and Ferric in the medium to add the optimal concentration.The best add Zinc of Coprinus comatur is 60mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 13.83%;The best add Zinc of Lepista nuda is 40mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 2.38%;The best add Zinc of Lentinu edodes is 40mg/L,at the rate of enrichmentis is 2.77%。In the three kinds of edible fungus,Coprinus comatur has the strongest capacity for enrichment of Zinc.and the Lepista nuda enrichment capacity is the weakest.
Inspected the three Ferric-rich edible fungus capacity,the best add of Ferric of Coprinus comatur is 80mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 20.19%;the best add of Ferric of Lepista nuda is 60mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 6.24%;the best add of Ferric of Lentinu edodes is 80mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 15.69%。In the three kinds of edible fungus,Coprinus comatur has the strongest capacity of enrichment of Ferric. and the Lepista nuda enrichment capacity is the weakest.Lepista nuda has the weakest capacity for enriched Zinc and Ferric.So Coprinus comatur and Lentinu edodes is more appropriate as a carrier.
The results show that the appropriate concentration of microelements can significantly promote the growth of mycelium,raising the mycelium capacity of biological transform.
通过单因素实验、正交实验确定了最佳培养条件。结果如下,毛头鬼伞液体培养的最佳培养基:玉米粉3%,麸皮汁4%,KH_2PO_40.1%,MgSO_40.15%,最佳接种量10%,最适温度为22℃,最佳转速为150r/min;紫丁香蘑液体培养的最佳培养基:可溶性淀粉4%,酵母膏0.4%,KH_2PO_40.2%、MgSO_40.15%,最佳接种量10%,最适温度为24℃,最佳转速为150r/min;香菇液体培养的最佳培养基:葡萄糖3%,蛋白胨0.3%,KH_2PO_40.1%,MgSO_40.15%,最佳接种量15%,最适温度为24℃,最佳转速为120r/min。
通过单元素富集实验确定了锌、铁在培养基中的最适添加浓度。毛头鬼伞的最佳加锌量为60mg/L,此时的富集率为13.83%;紫丁香蘑的的最佳加锌量为40mg/L,此时的富集率为2.38%;香菇的最佳加锌量为40mg/L,此时的富集率为2.77%。这三种食用菌中毛头鬼伞对锌的富集能力最强,而紫丁香蘑的富集能力最弱。
考察了三种食用菌富铁的能力。毛头鬼伞的最佳加铁量为80mg/L,此时的富集率为20.19%;紫丁香蘑的的最佳加铁量为60mg/L,此时的富集率为6.24%;香菇的最佳加铁量为80mg/L,此时的富集率为15.69%。这三种食用菌中毛头鬼伞对铁的富集能力最强,而紫丁香蘑的富集能力最弱。紫丁香蘑在三种食用菌中富集锌铁能力最弱,而毛头鬼伞和香菇较为适合作为载体。
结果表明,适宜浓度的微量元素能够明显促进菌丝体的生长,提高菌丝体的生物转化能力。
Edible fungus is easliy to culture and source widely,it's Nutrient-rich and contains plentiful protein, polysaccharide,vitamin,diet fiber and other activity components.Product concentration microelement except to as organic microelement,it also could provide other beneficial nutrition and active component.Edible fungus liquid culture require low equipments,and the fermentation cost is also low.the age of bacteria is easy to control,technology is more mature and the kinds of microelement' enrichment can be control by manual. This paper selected Coprinus comatur,Lepista nuda,Lentinu edodes as study material.Because edible fungus have a characteristic of enriched microelement,we used the method of liquid culture to research the Zinc and Ferric's concentration and transformation.At the end we obtain the mycelium of Zinc,Ferric microelement.
We determined the best medium condition by single factor experiment and quadrature experiment.This is the result,the best medium of Coprinus comatur liquid culture is Corn flour 3%,Bran juice 4%, KH_2PO_40.1%,MgSO_40.15%,the best inoculum is 10%,the optimum temperature is 22℃,the best speed is 150 r/min.the best medium of Lepista nuda liquid culture is:4%Soluble starch,Yeast extract 0.4%, KH_2PO_40.2%、MgSO_40.15%,the best inoculation is 10%,the optimum temperature is 24℃,the best speed is 150 r/min.the best medium of Lentinu edodes liquid culture is:Glucose 3%,Peptone 0.3%,KH_2PO_40.1%, MgSO_40.15%,the best inoculation is 15%,the optimum temperature is 24℃,the best speed is 120r/min。
Single-enrichment experiment by elements identified Zinc and Ferric in the medium to add the optimal concentration.The best add Zinc of Coprinus comatur is 60mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 13.83%;The best add Zinc of Lepista nuda is 40mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 2.38%;The best add Zinc of Lentinu edodes is 40mg/L,at the rate of enrichmentis is 2.77%。In the three kinds of edible fungus,Coprinus comatur has the strongest capacity for enrichment of Zinc.and the Lepista nuda enrichment capacity is the weakest.
Inspected the three Ferric-rich edible fungus capacity,the best add of Ferric of Coprinus comatur is 80mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 20.19%;the best add of Ferric of Lepista nuda is 60mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 6.24%;the best add of Ferric of Lentinu edodes is 80mg/L,at the rate of enrichment is 15.69%。In the three kinds of edible fungus,Coprinus comatur has the strongest capacity of enrichment of Ferric. and the Lepista nuda enrichment capacity is the weakest.Lepista nuda has the weakest capacity for enriched Zinc and Ferric.So Coprinus comatur and Lentinu edodes is more appropriate as a carrier.
The results show that the appropriate concentration of microelements can significantly promote the growth of mycelium,raising the mycelium capacity of biological transform.
引文
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