新型一体化骨与软骨组织嵌层修复材料的设计与研制
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摘要
软骨损伤是骨科较为常见的疾患。创伤、骨软骨炎、骨性关节炎、骸骨软化等均可引起软骨以及软骨下骨的损伤和/或缺损。由创伤和社会老龄化造成的骨与软骨的发病率不断升高,尤其是关节软骨的病变明显增多,因而在世界范围内这类患者人数众多。世界卫生组织已宣言2000-2010年是骨和关节的十年。1743年Hunter提出软骨一旦破坏即不可自身修复,两百多年过去了,至今对软骨缺损的修复仍无理想的办法。研究表明,成年人关节软骨修复能力非常有限,直径<3mm可部分或全部自修复,直径>3mm不能自修复。一系列的实验证实对较深和较大面积的关节透明软骨很难进行修复,长时间将发展成关节炎。
在我国,创伤引起的软骨损伤每年大约影响十万人的生活;而骨关节炎的发病率约为人口的9.6%,约有1.2亿患者,每年大约有五万人需要做膝关节置换术。软骨假体置换和软骨组织工程的发展将改善人们的生活质量,并将在一定程度上减少社会医疗费用的支出。因此跟踪世界软骨工程技术的发展,并创新制造我国自主产权的软骨假体和软骨组织工程技术和产品是我国软骨工程研究必须解决的问题。
在骨科临床治疗中,经常遇到患者同时存在骨与软骨组织的缺损,需要同时完成缺损组织的修复,单一成分的人工骨或人工软骨移植因此受到极大的挑战。本研究拟研制一种新型一体化骨与软骨损伤修复材料,设计和制备出能分别长入骨并修复或替代软骨组织的新型嵌层生物材料,该种嵌层生物材料采用多层结构,底层为适合长入骨组织的多孔n-HA/PA66复合材料,上层为能修复或替代软骨组织的PVA或n-HA/PVA复合物多孔材料,上层PVA或n-HA/PVA水凝胶牢固附着在n-HA/PA66多孔基底上。本论文主要包含的研究内容和结果如下:
Cartilage diseases caused by trauma, chondritis, arthrophlogosis and chondromalacia patella are common in department of orthopaedics. With the development of the society, defects in cartilage tissues increase dramatically in clinic because of the growth of trauma and the aging of population. Today there are millions of patients suffering from cartilage diseases throughout the world. The World Health Organization has declaimed that the 21st century is the century of bone and joint.
Since 1743, when Hunter discovered that cartilage after being damaged cannot repair by itself, no ideal approach has been found to repair cartilage defects. According to the results of numerous researches, the self-repair ability of the arthrodial cartilage is quiet limited. Cartilage defect less than 3 mm in diameter can be partly or completely repaired by itself, while defect more than 3 mm in diameter can not be self-repaired. In the case of huge and deep defect in the arthrodial hyaline cartilage, it is very difficult to repair and after a long time would result in arthrophlogosis.
Every year in China, 100,000 people suffer from cartilage defects caused by trauma, nearly 120 million patients, 9.6% of the population, suffer from arthrophlogosis and about 50,000 patients need to accept the implantation of knee joint. Therefore, the application of cartilage prosthesis and cartilage tissue engineering will improve the life quality of a great number of people and reduce the medical cost of the society. To catch up with the advanced science and technology of
在我国,创伤引起的软骨损伤每年大约影响十万人的生活;而骨关节炎的发病率约为人口的9.6%,约有1.2亿患者,每年大约有五万人需要做膝关节置换术。软骨假体置换和软骨组织工程的发展将改善人们的生活质量,并将在一定程度上减少社会医疗费用的支出。因此跟踪世界软骨工程技术的发展,并创新制造我国自主产权的软骨假体和软骨组织工程技术和产品是我国软骨工程研究必须解决的问题。
在骨科临床治疗中,经常遇到患者同时存在骨与软骨组织的缺损,需要同时完成缺损组织的修复,单一成分的人工骨或人工软骨移植因此受到极大的挑战。本研究拟研制一种新型一体化骨与软骨损伤修复材料,设计和制备出能分别长入骨并修复或替代软骨组织的新型嵌层生物材料,该种嵌层生物材料采用多层结构,底层为适合长入骨组织的多孔n-HA/PA66复合材料,上层为能修复或替代软骨组织的PVA或n-HA/PVA复合物多孔材料,上层PVA或n-HA/PVA水凝胶牢固附着在n-HA/PA66多孔基底上。本论文主要包含的研究内容和结果如下:
Cartilage diseases caused by trauma, chondritis, arthrophlogosis and chondromalacia patella are common in department of orthopaedics. With the development of the society, defects in cartilage tissues increase dramatically in clinic because of the growth of trauma and the aging of population. Today there are millions of patients suffering from cartilage diseases throughout the world. The World Health Organization has declaimed that the 21st century is the century of bone and joint.
Since 1743, when Hunter discovered that cartilage after being damaged cannot repair by itself, no ideal approach has been found to repair cartilage defects. According to the results of numerous researches, the self-repair ability of the arthrodial cartilage is quiet limited. Cartilage defect less than 3 mm in diameter can be partly or completely repaired by itself, while defect more than 3 mm in diameter can not be self-repaired. In the case of huge and deep defect in the arthrodial hyaline cartilage, it is very difficult to repair and after a long time would result in arthrophlogosis.
Every year in China, 100,000 people suffer from cartilage defects caused by trauma, nearly 120 million patients, 9.6% of the population, suffer from arthrophlogosis and about 50,000 patients need to accept the implantation of knee joint. Therefore, the application of cartilage prosthesis and cartilage tissue engineering will improve the life quality of a great number of people and reduce the medical cost of the society. To catch up with the advanced science and technology of
引文
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