磁流体用于印染废水处理技术的研究
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摘要
随着工业的迅速发展,大量工业废水的排放给人类生存造成了严重的威胁,尤其是印染废水,因此寻求有效的处理方法是亟待解决的问题。介绍了一种新的印染废水处理技术——应用磁流体来处理印染废水。
本研究首先考察外界影响因素及实验条件对制备磁流体的影响,确定出制备适合处理印染废水的稳定磁流体的工艺条件。同时研究磁流体用量、磁场强度、搅拌时间、流速等因素对印染废水处理效果的影响,确定出印染废水处理效果良好的工艺条件。通过研究,本文得出了以下结论:
1.当Fe3+和Fe2+摩尔比为3:2,表面活性剂的用量大约为Fe2+的0.4～0.5倍,在碱加入后控制反应pH值为11,在包裹磁性颗粒时控制反应pH值为5左右,温度控制在80℃,加热时间在60分钟左右时,包裹效果最好,得到的磁性颗粒小、磁性强,且处理印染废水的效果最好,废水CODCr去除率可达88%,色度去除率可达95%。
2.当磁流体与废水比≧1:10时,搅拌时间为5分钟左右时,CODCr降低最多,脱色效果最好;且控制外加磁场强度为160mT时,磁流体沉降最快。
3.低流速下,磁流体处理印染废水的效果要优于高流速下的处理效果;当进水CODCr浓度从500mg/L增加到1500mg/L时,通过投加磁流体处理后,出水CODCr始终在169mg/L左右。
With the rapid development of industry, large quantities of industrial wastewater, especially the printing and dyeing wastewater, is discharged into our environment. This situation brings serious threat to humanity, so effective methods to treat the industrial wastewater is badly needed. According to the document, it is introduced that a kind of new technology in printing and dyeing wastewater treatment——application of magnetic fluid in printing and dyeing wastewater.
At first, this research inspected outside influence factors and experimental conditions on the impact of magnetic fluid to determine the appropriate treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater stability of the process conditions. At the same time the amount of magnetic fluid, the magnetic intensity, stirring time, flow rate and other factors on effects of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment were researched, and determined the printing and dyeing wastewater disposal effect good technological conditions.
The main results of this research were as follows:
1. When the mol proportion between Fe3+ and Fe2+ is 3:2, the dosage of surfactant is between 0.4 and 0.5 times of the quantity of ferrous, after the alkali joins the control response pH value is 11, when wraps the magnetic pellet the control response pH value is about 5, the temperature control in 80℃, and the heating-up time is about 60 minutes, the effect of enwrap is best, and the size of magnetic nanoparticles is small, the magnetism of magnetic nanoparticles is strong. And the processing printing waste water's effect is best, the waste water CODCr elimination rate may reach 88%, the chromaticity elimination rate may reach 95%.
2. When the proportion between magnetic fluid and wasted water is more than 1:10, the stirring time is five minutes, the decrease of CODCr is most, and the effect of decolouring is best. And when the magnetic intensity is about 160mT, the subsidence of magnetic fluid is fastest.
3. Under the low speed of flow, the magnetic fluid processing printing and dyeing wastewater's effect is better than under the high flow rate the processing effect. When the CODCr of the raw water increases from 500mg/L to 1500mg/L, after adding magnetic fluid, the CODCr of the treated water is always about 169mg/L.
本研究首先考察外界影响因素及实验条件对制备磁流体的影响,确定出制备适合处理印染废水的稳定磁流体的工艺条件。同时研究磁流体用量、磁场强度、搅拌时间、流速等因素对印染废水处理效果的影响,确定出印染废水处理效果良好的工艺条件。通过研究,本文得出了以下结论:
1.当Fe3+和Fe2+摩尔比为3:2,表面活性剂的用量大约为Fe2+的0.4～0.5倍,在碱加入后控制反应pH值为11,在包裹磁性颗粒时控制反应pH值为5左右,温度控制在80℃,加热时间在60分钟左右时,包裹效果最好,得到的磁性颗粒小、磁性强,且处理印染废水的效果最好,废水CODCr去除率可达88%,色度去除率可达95%。
2.当磁流体与废水比≧1:10时,搅拌时间为5分钟左右时,CODCr降低最多,脱色效果最好;且控制外加磁场强度为160mT时,磁流体沉降最快。
3.低流速下,磁流体处理印染废水的效果要优于高流速下的处理效果;当进水CODCr浓度从500mg/L增加到1500mg/L时,通过投加磁流体处理后,出水CODCr始终在169mg/L左右。
With the rapid development of industry, large quantities of industrial wastewater, especially the printing and dyeing wastewater, is discharged into our environment. This situation brings serious threat to humanity, so effective methods to treat the industrial wastewater is badly needed. According to the document, it is introduced that a kind of new technology in printing and dyeing wastewater treatment——application of magnetic fluid in printing and dyeing wastewater.
At first, this research inspected outside influence factors and experimental conditions on the impact of magnetic fluid to determine the appropriate treatment of printing and dyeing wastewater stability of the process conditions. At the same time the amount of magnetic fluid, the magnetic intensity, stirring time, flow rate and other factors on effects of printing and dyeing wastewater treatment were researched, and determined the printing and dyeing wastewater disposal effect good technological conditions.
The main results of this research were as follows:
1. When the mol proportion between Fe3+ and Fe2+ is 3:2, the dosage of surfactant is between 0.4 and 0.5 times of the quantity of ferrous, after the alkali joins the control response pH value is 11, when wraps the magnetic pellet the control response pH value is about 5, the temperature control in 80℃, and the heating-up time is about 60 minutes, the effect of enwrap is best, and the size of magnetic nanoparticles is small, the magnetism of magnetic nanoparticles is strong. And the processing printing waste water's effect is best, the waste water CODCr elimination rate may reach 88%, the chromaticity elimination rate may reach 95%.
2. When the proportion between magnetic fluid and wasted water is more than 1:10, the stirring time is five minutes, the decrease of CODCr is most, and the effect of decolouring is best. And when the magnetic intensity is about 160mT, the subsidence of magnetic fluid is fastest.
3. Under the low speed of flow, the magnetic fluid processing printing and dyeing wastewater's effect is better than under the high flow rate the processing effect. When the CODCr of the raw water increases from 500mg/L to 1500mg/L, after adding magnetic fluid, the CODCr of the treated water is always about 169mg/L.
引文
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[3] 石备玉,符德学,常照荣.印染废水处理方法研究进展.焦作大学学报,Oct.2004,18(4):32-33,35
[4] 胡涛,汪玉祥等.印染废水的治理研究.江苏环境科技,Vol.18,No.4 Dec.2005:29-32
[5] 侯文俊,余健.印染废水处理工艺进展.工业用水与废水,Vol.35, No.2,2004,04:57-60
[6] 戴日成,张统,郭茜.印染废水水质特征及处理技术综述.[J].给水排水,2000,26(10):33-38
[7] 杨谭宗,染料分析和剖析.北京,化学工业出版社,1998(3):43-47
[8] 杨书铭,黄长盾.纺织印染工业废水治理技术,化学工业出版社,2002.5
[9] 林金画.印染废水治理技术[J].环境工程,2001,19(3):22-23
[10]明银安,陆晓华.印染废水处理技术进展[J].工业安全与环保,2003,29(8):16-19
[11]Wang Zhaolun, Yang Yuxiang, Qu Xuping, Zhang Jianbo, Chen Yaru, Nie Linxi. Decolouring mechanism of Zhejiang diatomite Application to printing and dyeing wastewater. Environ Chem Lett 2005(3):33–37
[12]彭会清,许开.印染废水处理方法进展与评述[J].南方冶金学院学报,2003,24(4):57-61
[13]陈福根,苗柯.高效混凝技术在纺织印染废水处理工程中的应用[J].环境工程,1994,12(4):21
[14]瓮亮,吴赞敏,李洪霞.印染废水的处理方法及进展.印染助剂,Vol.22,No.11 ,Nov.2005:7-10
[15]许佩瑶,王淑娜,王德洪.高浓度印染废水德电解-内电解复合处理[J].印染,2004(8):26-28
[16]金敏,王新为,宋农等.白腐菌J-6对五类化学结构染料的脱色性能[J].环境污染与防治,2004, 26(3):182-184
[17]郝鲁江,许平.微生物在染料脱色中的应用及其机理[J].山东轻工业学院学报,2001,15(2):52-56
[18]夏北成.环境污染物生物降解[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2002:127-146
[19]孙铁珩,周启星,李培军.污染生态学[M]北京:科学出版社,2001,78-89
[20]侯鹤岚,张世伟,杨乃恒.磁流体技术的发展及其应用[J],真空,1999,5: 31-35
[21]刘颖等.磁流体的稳定性和制备过程[J].润滑与密封,1997(6):52-53
[22]董增仁等.磁性流体的性质和应用[J].电工电能新技术,1984(1):38-43
[23]G.J.Moridis etc.Theoretical and Experimental Investigations of Ferrofluids for Guiding and Detecting Liquids in the Subsurface.London:Earth Sciences Division,March 1998:43-47
[24]Ozaki K,Fujiwara T. An Experimental Study of High-speed Single Stage Magneticfluid Seals,J.of Magn. andMagn. Mater. 1987:43-48
[25]吴金声.磁性流体材料及其特性.技术材料研究,1992.No.4:23-27
[26]柳学全,滕荣厚等.磁性液体的研究进展.粉末冶金工业,1996.No.4:28-32
[27]许孙曲等.磁流体研究的若干新成果.磁性材料及器件,1995.No.2: 23-28,39
[28]E. Hasmonay, Magnetic and optical properties of ionic ferrofluids based on nickel ferrite nanoparticles,Journal of Applied Physic,Vol. 88,No. 11(2000) 6628
[29]盖国胜.超细粉碎分级技术[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2000:53-57
[30]侯鹤岚,张世伟,杨乃恒.磁流体技术的发展及其应用[J].真空,1999,5:8-12
[31]S.R.Hoon, M.Kilner, G.L.Russell, Preparation and properties of nickel ferrofluids[J],Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,1983,39:86-91
[32]李海渺,李学慧,刘宗明.氮化铁磁流体的制备技术[J].化学工程师[J],2000,77(2):17-19
[33]D.B.Lambrick,N.Masion,S.R.Hoon, Preparation and properties of Ni-Fe magnetic fluids[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,1987,5:73-77
[34]蒋秉植,杨健美.磁性流体的制备、应用及其稳定性的解释[J].化学进展,1997,29(1)
[35]I.Nakatani, T.Furubayashi, T.Takahask.Preparation and properties of Ni-Fe magnetic fluids[J].Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials,1987,5
[36]赖欣,毕剑等.Fe3O4 磁性流体的制备[J].磁性材料及器件,2000,21(3):15-18
[37]孙维明,金寿日,李志杰.高粘度磁性液体的制备研究[J].润滑与密封,2003,1:20-21,24
[38]彭拾义.旋转密装置[M].北京:国防工业出版社, 1976:43-46
[39]R.E.Rosensweing, G.Miskollzy, Magnetic fluid sealing[J].Machine Design,1968,28:145-150
[40]R.Moskowitz, Dynamic sealing with magnetic fluids, ASLE Transaction, 1975, 18(2):135-143
[41]邹继斌,陆永平,齐疏敏.磁流体密封及其发展现状[J].摩擦学报, 1994, 14(3): 279-285
[41]K.Raj, B.Moskowitz, Commercial applications of ferrofluids[J], JMMM, 1990, 85: 233-245
[43]姚如杰(译), 磁流体在密封与润滑领域中的技术现状[J].润滑与密封,1994, 5: 14-17
[44]黄刚.磁性液体在工业润滑与密封中的开发应用[J].磁性材料及器件,1993, 6: 6-9
[45]都有为.磁性液体[J].磁性材料与器件,1982,1:13-16
[46]潘应天,刘贤德,李再光.磁性液体磁光特性及其应用研究[J].红外技术, 1993,15(4): 234-237
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