棉型经纱可织性研究
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摘要
在织造过程中,经纱需承受由经纱张力和各种摩擦力引起的复合应力,经纱能够承受这些复合应力的能力称为经纱可织性。评价经纱可织性优劣的主要指标一般用织机效率和经纱的断头率。若织机效率高、断头率较低,则经纱的可织性好。由于影响经纱可织性的因素复杂多样,至今仍没有合适的评价经纱可织性的指标体系。若能找到合适的指标体系,不仅对织造过程中质量问题可以提前预测,而且给前道工序的质量控制提供依据。
本课题在参考国内外研究中提出的评价经纱可织性指标的基础上,经过对经纱可织性影响因素的深入分析,提出了一些新的指标。选用某大型一类棉纺织企业棉型织物中具有代表性的、生产规模大、质量较稳定的10个织物品种的经纱之原纱和浆纱作为实验材料,根据所总结的指标在现有的实验条件下进行逐一实验,取得相应的数据。分别将这些指标数据与织机效率和断头率做相关性分析,得出影响经纱可织性较大的指标。经相关性分析所得影响经纱可织性较大的指标为:条干不匀均方差变异系数CV%、条干不匀平均差变异系数U%、-30%的细节、+35%的粗节、棉结+140%、3mm的毛羽、断裂强力和断裂伸长及断裂功CV、增强率、上浆率、回潮率、耐磨性(原纱和浆纱),浆膜的完整率。根据这些指标,利用主成分分析,得出了一个能够反映各个指标对经纱可织性影响程度的模型,在模型中每个指标的系数代表该指标对经纱可织性的影响程度。最后,根据这些指标又提出了相应的解决措施。
In the weaving process, the warp yarns must take combined stresses which come from warp tension and all kinds of friction force. The capacity of yarns withstand the stress of these complexes can be known as the Weavability of warp yarns. The loom efficiency and end breakage of yarns were considered the most important indexs which evaluated the Weavability of warp yarns. If the higher efficiency looms have and the lower end breakage of yarn, the better Weavability of warp yarns. There were some complicated factors effect the weavability of warp yarns, but a suitable appraisal index system has not been found by now. If a suitable indicator system be found, which not only predict quality problems of the weaving process, but also provide the basis for quality control of the former working procedure.
According to the domestic and international research, some new indexs were proposed through deeply analysis to the factors that affect the weavability of warp yarns in this topic. The 10 varieties of cotton type yarn which we choose as the experimental material were raw yarns and sizing from large mills, and these yarns were typical, large range of activity and steady quality. According to the summarized indexes ,we did experiments under the existing experimental conditions and obtained corresponding experimental data. Through the correlation analysis between the experimental data of each index, the end breakage ends and the the weaving efficiency respectively, the more important indexs that influence the Weavability of warp yarns were summarized.
The more important indexs were mean square deviation(CV%), the coefficient of average deviation irregularity(U%), the thin of -30%, the thick of +35%, the neps of +140%, the hairiness of 3mm, breaking strength irregularity, extension at break irregularity, work of rupture irregularity, the abrasive resistance of raw yarn and sizing, the integrated rate of starch film. Through principal component analysis on these indexs, a mathematical model which can reflect each index’s influence degree for Weavability of warp yarns were obtained, in which the coefficient signify each index’s influence degree on weavability of cotton-type warp yarns. And then a series of methods can solve the problems were proposed according these indexs.
本课题在参考国内外研究中提出的评价经纱可织性指标的基础上,经过对经纱可织性影响因素的深入分析,提出了一些新的指标。选用某大型一类棉纺织企业棉型织物中具有代表性的、生产规模大、质量较稳定的10个织物品种的经纱之原纱和浆纱作为实验材料,根据所总结的指标在现有的实验条件下进行逐一实验,取得相应的数据。分别将这些指标数据与织机效率和断头率做相关性分析,得出影响经纱可织性较大的指标。经相关性分析所得影响经纱可织性较大的指标为:条干不匀均方差变异系数CV%、条干不匀平均差变异系数U%、-30%的细节、+35%的粗节、棉结+140%、3mm的毛羽、断裂强力和断裂伸长及断裂功CV、增强率、上浆率、回潮率、耐磨性(原纱和浆纱),浆膜的完整率。根据这些指标,利用主成分分析,得出了一个能够反映各个指标对经纱可织性影响程度的模型,在模型中每个指标的系数代表该指标对经纱可织性的影响程度。最后,根据这些指标又提出了相应的解决措施。
In the weaving process, the warp yarns must take combined stresses which come from warp tension and all kinds of friction force. The capacity of yarns withstand the stress of these complexes can be known as the Weavability of warp yarns. The loom efficiency and end breakage of yarns were considered the most important indexs which evaluated the Weavability of warp yarns. If the higher efficiency looms have and the lower end breakage of yarn, the better Weavability of warp yarns. There were some complicated factors effect the weavability of warp yarns, but a suitable appraisal index system has not been found by now. If a suitable indicator system be found, which not only predict quality problems of the weaving process, but also provide the basis for quality control of the former working procedure.
According to the domestic and international research, some new indexs were proposed through deeply analysis to the factors that affect the weavability of warp yarns in this topic. The 10 varieties of cotton type yarn which we choose as the experimental material were raw yarns and sizing from large mills, and these yarns were typical, large range of activity and steady quality. According to the summarized indexes ,we did experiments under the existing experimental conditions and obtained corresponding experimental data. Through the correlation analysis between the experimental data of each index, the end breakage ends and the the weaving efficiency respectively, the more important indexs that influence the Weavability of warp yarns were summarized.
The more important indexs were mean square deviation(CV%), the coefficient of average deviation irregularity(U%), the thin of -30%, the thick of +35%, the neps of +140%, the hairiness of 3mm, breaking strength irregularity, extension at break irregularity, work of rupture irregularity, the abrasive resistance of raw yarn and sizing, the integrated rate of starch film. Through principal component analysis on these indexs, a mathematical model which can reflect each index’s influence degree for Weavability of warp yarns were obtained, in which the coefficient signify each index’s influence degree on weavability of cotton-type warp yarns. And then a series of methods can solve the problems were proposed according these indexs.
引文
[1] ITT researcher.Diagnostic Tests Predict Weaving Performance[J].Textile World, 1984, 134(11):79-80
[2] P K Hari,T A Subramanian, S K Aggarwal. Weavability dependence on Yarn Quality and Sizing[J].Textile Asia,1987,18(2):16-24
[3] B K Behera, V K Joshi. Improving Weavability[J]. Synthetic Fibres, 2000, 29(3): 5-16
[4] Walker R P, Perkins W S. Techniques for Predicting How Sized Yarns Will Weave[J]. Textile Chemist and Colorist, 1985, 17(9): 185-188
[5] S K Aggarwa1.P K Hari. Factors Influencing Warp Breakage Rate I[J]. The Indian Textile Journal, 1989, 14(2): 118-125
[6] Howard L, Thomas Robert W Hines. New Yarn Testing Methods to Predict Warp Yarns Weaving Performance[J]. International Textile Bulletin, 1995, 41(2): 56-59
[7] Mansour H, Mohamed. Slashing and High-speed Weaving[J]. America’s Textile International, 1989, 18(11): 28-30
[8] Sengupta A K, Pratihar P, Kimothi P D, et al. Influence of Yarn Structure, Sizing Ingredients and Type of Sizing on Properties and Performance of Sized Yarns: PartⅡ-A Comparative Study of Sized Yarn Performance for Ring and Rotor Spun Cotton Yarns[J]. Indian Journal of Fiber & Textile Research, 2002, 27(2): 142-148
[9] Aggarwal S K, Hari P K, Subramanian T A. Evaluation of Classimat Faults for their Performance in Weaving[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1987, 57(12): 735-740
[10] R D Anandjiwala, B C Goswanmi. Reply to Comment on Tensile Fatigue Behavior of Staple Yarns[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1994, 64(8): 491-492
[11] S P Vidyarthi, P K Hari, V K Aggarwa1. Analysis of Size Droppings and their Correlation with Warp Breakages[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1983, 53(6): 534-540
[12]周永元.浆纱合理质量指标的探索[J].纺织学报, 1990, 11(4): 14-17
[13] S K Aggarwal, P K Hari. Use of Tensile Strength in Characterizing Degradative Behaviour of Grey and Sized Yarn on Repetitive Stresses in Weaving[J]. Indian Journal of textile Research, 1988, 58(12): 198-203
[14]赵其明.浆纱可织性及经纱织造断头率预测方法的研究进展[J]. 2005, 1: 38-43
[15] R Steve Adams, Brantley M, Callaway. Shuttleless Weaving Needs TailoredSizes[J]. Textile World, 1984, 134(5): 77-82
[16]姚桂芬,周永元,郭建生.试验方法研究纱线可织性[J].东华大学学报, 2003, 5(29): 47-49
[17]姚桂芬.基于浆纱质量的经纱可织性预测研究[D].上海:东华大学, 2004: 9-16
[18]项金伟,浆纱质量的评价指标及测定技术.纺织科技进展[J], 2008, (5):70-71
[19]姚穆等.纺织材料学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社, 1990: 556-557,380-422
[20]于伟东,储才元.纺织物理[M].东华大学出版社, 2001: 11-12, 74-75, 79-82, 117-121, 281-312
[21]朱苏康,高卫东.机织学[M].中国纺织出版社, 2008: 2-40, 44-70
[22]池庭,孙志良.机织准备对纱线质量的影响[J].新纺织, 2001, (7-8):51-53
[23]郑少琼.优化经纱准备工艺提高可织性[J].广西纺织科技, 2007, 36(3): 29-31
[24]周永元.纺织经纱上浆的进展和建议[J].纺织导报, 2001, 5: 110-115
[25] B K Behera, P K Hari. Mechanism of Yarn Break for High—pressure Squeezed Sized Yarn [J]. Indian Journal of Fiber & Textile Reseach 1993, 18 (12): 165-69.
[26] Slauson SD, Miller B, Rebenfeld L. Physicochemical Properties of Sized Yarns Part II—Two-component Sizing Systems[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1985, 55 (3): 181-186.
[27]周永元.浆纱合理质量指标的探索[J].纺织学报, 1990, 11(4): 14-17.
[28] Slauson S D, Miller B, Rebenfeld L. Physicochemical Properties of Sized Yarns Part I-Initial Studies[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1984, 54(8): 655-664.
[29]余序芬,鲍燕萍等.纺织材料实验技术[M].北京:中国纺织出版社, 2004
[30]中华人民共和国国家标准.纱线拉伸测试方法[S]. GB/T 3916-1997
[31]姚桂芬,郭建生,周永元.浆纱耐磨性能测试方法研究[J].棉纺织技术, 2003, 8: 33-35
[32]余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与SPSS应用[M].人民邮电出版社, 2005: 292-293, 164-165, 190-191
[33]张文霖.主成分分析在SPSS中的操作应用[J].理论与方法, 2005,12: 31-34
[34]林海明,张文霖.主成分分析与因子分析详细的异同和SPSS软件[J].统计研究2005(3)
[35]方志同.八大要素控制棉纱质量[J].棉纺织: 17-19
[36]刘承晋.粗节形成的原因及其减少措施[J].上海纺织科技, 2006, 6(34): 43-45
[37]徐秀华,王长学,安之东.纱线断头的成因及对策[J].山东纺织科技, 2001, 3: 45-46
[38]黄克华,魏青丽.棉纱结杂成因及清梳工序控制措施[J].棉纺织技术, 2005, 6(33): 359-361
[39]杨志清.在纺纱过程中如何减少纱线毛羽[J].江苏纺织科技: 25-27
[40]张茂祥.纺纱工艺与纱线毛羽关系的探讨[J].镇江高专学报, 2005, 4(18): 37-39
[41]吴金根.纺纱中毛羽产生的原因与预防的措施[J].毛纺科技, 2005: 38-40
[42]吴畏,刘燕,胡锡平.合理选用细纱工艺减少成纱毛羽[J].中国纤检, 2005(9): 44-45
[43]赵博,石陶然.络筒工序纱线毛羽的测试与降低措施[J]. 2003(1): 47-54
[44]朱苏康等.织造学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社, 1996: 92-110
[45]张朝辉,徐珍珍,胡承功.浆料的选用及配方的正交优化[J].纺织学报: 2004, 6(25): 104-105
[2] P K Hari,T A Subramanian, S K Aggarwal. Weavability dependence on Yarn Quality and Sizing[J].Textile Asia,1987,18(2):16-24
[3] B K Behera, V K Joshi. Improving Weavability[J]. Synthetic Fibres, 2000, 29(3): 5-16
[4] Walker R P, Perkins W S. Techniques for Predicting How Sized Yarns Will Weave[J]. Textile Chemist and Colorist, 1985, 17(9): 185-188
[5] S K Aggarwa1.P K Hari. Factors Influencing Warp Breakage Rate I[J]. The Indian Textile Journal, 1989, 14(2): 118-125
[6] Howard L, Thomas Robert W Hines. New Yarn Testing Methods to Predict Warp Yarns Weaving Performance[J]. International Textile Bulletin, 1995, 41(2): 56-59
[7] Mansour H, Mohamed. Slashing and High-speed Weaving[J]. America’s Textile International, 1989, 18(11): 28-30
[8] Sengupta A K, Pratihar P, Kimothi P D, et al. Influence of Yarn Structure, Sizing Ingredients and Type of Sizing on Properties and Performance of Sized Yarns: PartⅡ-A Comparative Study of Sized Yarn Performance for Ring and Rotor Spun Cotton Yarns[J]. Indian Journal of Fiber & Textile Research, 2002, 27(2): 142-148
[9] Aggarwal S K, Hari P K, Subramanian T A. Evaluation of Classimat Faults for their Performance in Weaving[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1987, 57(12): 735-740
[10] R D Anandjiwala, B C Goswanmi. Reply to Comment on Tensile Fatigue Behavior of Staple Yarns[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1994, 64(8): 491-492
[11] S P Vidyarthi, P K Hari, V K Aggarwa1. Analysis of Size Droppings and their Correlation with Warp Breakages[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1983, 53(6): 534-540
[12]周永元.浆纱合理质量指标的探索[J].纺织学报, 1990, 11(4): 14-17
[13] S K Aggarwal, P K Hari. Use of Tensile Strength in Characterizing Degradative Behaviour of Grey and Sized Yarn on Repetitive Stresses in Weaving[J]. Indian Journal of textile Research, 1988, 58(12): 198-203
[14]赵其明.浆纱可织性及经纱织造断头率预测方法的研究进展[J]. 2005, 1: 38-43
[15] R Steve Adams, Brantley M, Callaway. Shuttleless Weaving Needs TailoredSizes[J]. Textile World, 1984, 134(5): 77-82
[16]姚桂芬,周永元,郭建生.试验方法研究纱线可织性[J].东华大学学报, 2003, 5(29): 47-49
[17]姚桂芬.基于浆纱质量的经纱可织性预测研究[D].上海:东华大学, 2004: 9-16
[18]项金伟,浆纱质量的评价指标及测定技术.纺织科技进展[J], 2008, (5):70-71
[19]姚穆等.纺织材料学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社, 1990: 556-557,380-422
[20]于伟东,储才元.纺织物理[M].东华大学出版社, 2001: 11-12, 74-75, 79-82, 117-121, 281-312
[21]朱苏康,高卫东.机织学[M].中国纺织出版社, 2008: 2-40, 44-70
[22]池庭,孙志良.机织准备对纱线质量的影响[J].新纺织, 2001, (7-8):51-53
[23]郑少琼.优化经纱准备工艺提高可织性[J].广西纺织科技, 2007, 36(3): 29-31
[24]周永元.纺织经纱上浆的进展和建议[J].纺织导报, 2001, 5: 110-115
[25] B K Behera, P K Hari. Mechanism of Yarn Break for High—pressure Squeezed Sized Yarn [J]. Indian Journal of Fiber & Textile Reseach 1993, 18 (12): 165-69.
[26] Slauson SD, Miller B, Rebenfeld L. Physicochemical Properties of Sized Yarns Part II—Two-component Sizing Systems[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1985, 55 (3): 181-186.
[27]周永元.浆纱合理质量指标的探索[J].纺织学报, 1990, 11(4): 14-17.
[28] Slauson S D, Miller B, Rebenfeld L. Physicochemical Properties of Sized Yarns Part I-Initial Studies[J]. Textile Research Journal, 1984, 54(8): 655-664.
[29]余序芬,鲍燕萍等.纺织材料实验技术[M].北京:中国纺织出版社, 2004
[30]中华人民共和国国家标准.纱线拉伸测试方法[S]. GB/T 3916-1997
[31]姚桂芬,郭建生,周永元.浆纱耐磨性能测试方法研究[J].棉纺织技术, 2003, 8: 33-35
[32]余建英,何旭宏.数据统计分析与SPSS应用[M].人民邮电出版社, 2005: 292-293, 164-165, 190-191
[33]张文霖.主成分分析在SPSS中的操作应用[J].理论与方法, 2005,12: 31-34
[34]林海明,张文霖.主成分分析与因子分析详细的异同和SPSS软件[J].统计研究2005(3)
[35]方志同.八大要素控制棉纱质量[J].棉纺织: 17-19
[36]刘承晋.粗节形成的原因及其减少措施[J].上海纺织科技, 2006, 6(34): 43-45
[37]徐秀华,王长学,安之东.纱线断头的成因及对策[J].山东纺织科技, 2001, 3: 45-46
[38]黄克华,魏青丽.棉纱结杂成因及清梳工序控制措施[J].棉纺织技术, 2005, 6(33): 359-361
[39]杨志清.在纺纱过程中如何减少纱线毛羽[J].江苏纺织科技: 25-27
[40]张茂祥.纺纱工艺与纱线毛羽关系的探讨[J].镇江高专学报, 2005, 4(18): 37-39
[41]吴金根.纺纱中毛羽产生的原因与预防的措施[J].毛纺科技, 2005: 38-40
[42]吴畏,刘燕,胡锡平.合理选用细纱工艺减少成纱毛羽[J].中国纤检, 2005(9): 44-45
[43]赵博,石陶然.络筒工序纱线毛羽的测试与降低措施[J]. 2003(1): 47-54
[44]朱苏康等.织造学[M].北京:中国纺织出版社, 1996: 92-110
[45]张朝辉,徐珍珍,胡承功.浆料的选用及配方的正交优化[J].纺织学报: 2004, 6(25): 104-105