江西浒坑钨矿含矿石英脉地质特征及其构造演化
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摘要
位于赣西武功山地区的江西浒坑钨矿是一个大型石英脉型钨矿床,与赣南典型的“五层楼”模式不同,矿脉主要集中在岩体内接触带。矿区最主要的含矿石英脉方向为NW向和近EW向,其次是NWW向和NE向,此外还有近水平的脉组。各含矿脉带从结构上均可分为块状含矿石英脉、条带状含矿石英脉和复合状含矿石英脉三类。
野外和室内研究表明,条带状石英脉实质上是韧性剪切带,以透入性发育的剪切面理和拉伸线理、剪切透镜体、剪切分异条带普遍发育为特色。剪切带岩石以石英质糜棱岩为主,具有丰富的塑性变形显微构造特征。显微剪切指向构造统计表明东西向和北西向脉组的运动方式均以左旋正滑为主,近水平脉组则以正滑为主。
NW向和近EW向条带状石英脉的磁组构研究表明,不同脉组的磁组构特征相似,磁化率各向异性度P平均值为1.279,反映变形比较强烈。磁化率椭球的扁率E<1和E>1都存在,磁面理和磁线理均发育,E<1的点沿E=1的线附近分布,表明矿区变形以剪切和压扁变形为主。最小磁化率K3方向,即最大压应力方向以SSW-SW为主,倾角在30°-60°之间。
NW向和近EW向条带状石英脉的EBSD(电子背散射)研究表明,石英质糜棱岩的石英光轴对称形式主要为单斜和三斜对称,变形形式是非共轴的简单剪切变形,剪切方式为左旋剪切,与显微镜下研究结果吻合。石英脉的组构优选形式为近似Ⅷ型极密和交叉环带,表明含矿石英脉的变形主要是底面滑移系和柱面滑移系共同作用的结果。石英脉的变形条件为550℃偏低,低应变速率的变形条件。
同构造新生绢云母40Ar-30Ar法测年结果表明,北西向韧性剪切带的新生绢云母40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为140.3±1.0Ma,相应的等时线年龄为139.6±2.4Ma;而东西向韧性剪切带绢云母40Ar-39Ar坪年龄则比较复杂,高温阶段年龄可能受到成矿期白云母残斑的影响,中温阶段的表观年龄和总气体年龄更接近前一样品的坪年龄。据此认为韧性剪切变形的年龄为140Ma左右,韧性变形发生在成岩和成矿之后。。
初步建立矿区的成矿构造演化序列为:主期中粗粒白云母花岗岩株侵入(152Ma)→原生节理形成,块状石英脉充填(主成矿期,150Ma)→晚期补充细粒花岗岩枝上侵,导致各脉组发生韧性剪切,形成条带状石英脉(主要构造改造期,140Ma)→条带状石英脉的再次张开,第二期块状石英脉充填→脆性碎裂,北西向脉发生明显的右旋平移-逆冲运动。
Hukeng tungsten deposit is a large scale tungsten deposit which locates at the Wugong Mountain in the west of Jiangxi Province. Ore bearing quartz veins are mainly at the inner contact zone of the rock body which are different from the topical five-layer model in the southern Jiangxi Province. The main direction of the ore-bearing quartz veins are NW striking and EW striking. Some are NWW striking and NE striking. The mode of veins’motion is lefe-lateral nomal fault.According to their structure,we can differentiate them as massive quartz veins, banded quartz veins and complex quartz veins. The petrological study shows that banded ore belongs to mylonite, which has abundant microstructure feature of plastic deformation.
Using magnetic fabric analysis to research the ore-bearing quartz veins of Hukeng tungsten deposit. The mean degree of magnetic anisotropy is 1.279,which meas that the ore-bearing quartz veins experienced intensity ductile deformation. Magnetic foliation and lineation well developed in the ore-bearing quartz veins with the E value was either above one or below one.The samples with the E value above one distributed alone the line of E=1,indicationg that the mining area were subjected to compressional and shear deformation.The dominant orientation of minimum magnetic susceptibility shows that the direction of maximum compressive stress is SSW-SW with the dip of 30°-60°.The kinematic model of the ductile deformation is left-lateral shear in the horizonal direction and normal slip in vertical direction.
Petrofabric of quartz C-axis is characterized by monoclinic and triclinic symmetry. Deformation model is non-coaxial shearing and had resulted from the combined action of underside slide system and cylinder slide system. Deformation environment is that tempreture was a little bit lower than 550℃and low strain rate.
40Ar-39Ar dating of new-generated sericites from mylonite in the NW-trending shear zone yields a plateau age of 140.3±1.0Ma and an isochron age at 139.6±2.4Ma respectively. Whereas, the plateau ages of EW-trending shear zone are more complicated,in which the high-temperature stage plateau age may be affected by muscovite remnant phenocryst which formed in mineralization stage and the medium-temperature stage total gas age and apparent age are more close to the age of plateau age of sample HK121.It is concluded that the age of ductile shearing is about 140Ma, which indicated that ductile shearing deformation occurred after petrogenesis and mineralization.
Structural analysis reveals that most primary joints related to magmatic rocks are synchronogenic. The quartz veins which intruded into the joints underwent long-term and multi- tectonic movements, thereby formed complicated quartz veins and ore types. The evolution series of structure in the mining area are as follows: formation of the primary joints→filled by the quartz veins→ductile shear→filled by the quartz veins at second stage→formation of brittle fracture.
野外和室内研究表明,条带状石英脉实质上是韧性剪切带,以透入性发育的剪切面理和拉伸线理、剪切透镜体、剪切分异条带普遍发育为特色。剪切带岩石以石英质糜棱岩为主,具有丰富的塑性变形显微构造特征。显微剪切指向构造统计表明东西向和北西向脉组的运动方式均以左旋正滑为主,近水平脉组则以正滑为主。
NW向和近EW向条带状石英脉的磁组构研究表明,不同脉组的磁组构特征相似,磁化率各向异性度P平均值为1.279,反映变形比较强烈。磁化率椭球的扁率E<1和E>1都存在,磁面理和磁线理均发育,E<1的点沿E=1的线附近分布,表明矿区变形以剪切和压扁变形为主。最小磁化率K3方向,即最大压应力方向以SSW-SW为主,倾角在30°-60°之间。
NW向和近EW向条带状石英脉的EBSD(电子背散射)研究表明,石英质糜棱岩的石英光轴对称形式主要为单斜和三斜对称,变形形式是非共轴的简单剪切变形,剪切方式为左旋剪切,与显微镜下研究结果吻合。石英脉的组构优选形式为近似Ⅷ型极密和交叉环带,表明含矿石英脉的变形主要是底面滑移系和柱面滑移系共同作用的结果。石英脉的变形条件为550℃偏低,低应变速率的变形条件。
同构造新生绢云母40Ar-30Ar法测年结果表明,北西向韧性剪切带的新生绢云母40Ar-39Ar坪年龄为140.3±1.0Ma,相应的等时线年龄为139.6±2.4Ma;而东西向韧性剪切带绢云母40Ar-39Ar坪年龄则比较复杂,高温阶段年龄可能受到成矿期白云母残斑的影响,中温阶段的表观年龄和总气体年龄更接近前一样品的坪年龄。据此认为韧性剪切变形的年龄为140Ma左右,韧性变形发生在成岩和成矿之后。。
初步建立矿区的成矿构造演化序列为:主期中粗粒白云母花岗岩株侵入(152Ma)→原生节理形成,块状石英脉充填(主成矿期,150Ma)→晚期补充细粒花岗岩枝上侵,导致各脉组发生韧性剪切,形成条带状石英脉(主要构造改造期,140Ma)→条带状石英脉的再次张开,第二期块状石英脉充填→脆性碎裂,北西向脉发生明显的右旋平移-逆冲运动。
Hukeng tungsten deposit is a large scale tungsten deposit which locates at the Wugong Mountain in the west of Jiangxi Province. Ore bearing quartz veins are mainly at the inner contact zone of the rock body which are different from the topical five-layer model in the southern Jiangxi Province. The main direction of the ore-bearing quartz veins are NW striking and EW striking. Some are NWW striking and NE striking. The mode of veins’motion is lefe-lateral nomal fault.According to their structure,we can differentiate them as massive quartz veins, banded quartz veins and complex quartz veins. The petrological study shows that banded ore belongs to mylonite, which has abundant microstructure feature of plastic deformation.
Using magnetic fabric analysis to research the ore-bearing quartz veins of Hukeng tungsten deposit. The mean degree of magnetic anisotropy is 1.279,which meas that the ore-bearing quartz veins experienced intensity ductile deformation. Magnetic foliation and lineation well developed in the ore-bearing quartz veins with the E value was either above one or below one.The samples with the E value above one distributed alone the line of E=1,indicationg that the mining area were subjected to compressional and shear deformation.The dominant orientation of minimum magnetic susceptibility shows that the direction of maximum compressive stress is SSW-SW with the dip of 30°-60°.The kinematic model of the ductile deformation is left-lateral shear in the horizonal direction and normal slip in vertical direction.
Petrofabric of quartz C-axis is characterized by monoclinic and triclinic symmetry. Deformation model is non-coaxial shearing and had resulted from the combined action of underside slide system and cylinder slide system. Deformation environment is that tempreture was a little bit lower than 550℃and low strain rate.
40Ar-39Ar dating of new-generated sericites from mylonite in the NW-trending shear zone yields a plateau age of 140.3±1.0Ma and an isochron age at 139.6±2.4Ma respectively. Whereas, the plateau ages of EW-trending shear zone are more complicated,in which the high-temperature stage plateau age may be affected by muscovite remnant phenocryst which formed in mineralization stage and the medium-temperature stage total gas age and apparent age are more close to the age of plateau age of sample HK121.It is concluded that the age of ductile shearing is about 140Ma, which indicated that ductile shearing deformation occurred after petrogenesis and mineralization.
Structural analysis reveals that most primary joints related to magmatic rocks are synchronogenic. The quartz veins which intruded into the joints underwent long-term and multi- tectonic movements, thereby formed complicated quartz veins and ore types. The evolution series of structure in the mining area are as follows: formation of the primary joints→filled by the quartz veins→ductile shear→filled by the quartz veins at second stage→formation of brittle fracture.
引文
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