GBJ180七辊棒材矫直机的设计
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摘要
现代化的棒材生产中,精整是生产的最后阶段,而棒材矫直是精整最重要的工序,它直接决定了产品的质量,经过矫直的椭圆度和直线度高的棒材才具有高的附加值。矫直机作为棒材矫直的最重要设备,决定着圆钢的最终质量。
GBJ180七辊棒材矫直机在充分总结近年来所设计制造具有国内领先水平的多台大规格棒材矫直机基础上,结合杭钢中轧厂GBJ100七辊棒材矫直机的多年使用经验,针对杭钢中轧厂生产要求而于2006年设计,主要应用于热扎圆钢的成品矫直。该机为六立柱七辊棒材斜辊矫直机,采用了预应力机架及可靠的液压工作原理,使辊缝值具有较高精度,对棒材在生产过程中所产生的弯曲和椭圆度具有明显的矫直效果。同时该机设计时针对棒材规格加大相应进行了改进,保证了矫直机整体强度及矫直速度,很好的适应了杭钢中轧厂的生产需要。
本文主要介绍矫直技术的基本方法和原理,以及矫直变形理论的研究及发展,介绍棒材生产工艺以及矫直机的用途、类型,结合多年使用经验,在GBJ100七辊棒材矫直机基础上对GBJ180七辊棒材矫直机进行设计研究,阐述七辊棒材矫直机的结构及其工作原理,有针对性的讲述各部件的原理、特点和性能,提出了一些建设性的改进意见。
In the process of modern steel bar production, the rigor disposal of steel bar is the last phase, in which the bar straightening machine takes up the important position. The quality of straightening is the decisive factor of steel bar. The straightened steel bar have appended values for its good roundness and straightness and the straightener is one of the most important device which decide the steel bar’s quality competitively.
According user’s demand , and on the basis of my experience from many projects, GBJ180 Seven-Roll bar material Straighter , designed for straightening steel bar in 2005. It is designed with six poles and has a plumb structure. The equipment has an advanced and reliable hydraulic-protection. since adopting the advanced hydraulic theory,the straighter can adjust the gap of working roller by an accurate and reliable outmode. The equipment has a good straightening precision in the process of rolling the roller,it has a evident straightening effect to bring the steel bar to camber and ellipse. In the meantime,the straighter is promoted for the advanced standard and adapted to the need of the medium-size steel factory of HANGZHOU.
This paper mainly introduces the basic principle and methods of straightening technology and the research and development of straightening deformation theory. Introduces the production process of steel bar,the type and the use of bar straightening machine. The paper also did the study work of the GBJ180 seven roller bar straightening machine based on many years experience in GBJ100 seven roller bar straightening machine,introduces the structure and work principle of bar straightening machine, introduces principle characteristics and performance of bar straightening machine, and also puts forward some constructive suggestions.
GBJ180七辊棒材矫直机在充分总结近年来所设计制造具有国内领先水平的多台大规格棒材矫直机基础上,结合杭钢中轧厂GBJ100七辊棒材矫直机的多年使用经验,针对杭钢中轧厂生产要求而于2006年设计,主要应用于热扎圆钢的成品矫直。该机为六立柱七辊棒材斜辊矫直机,采用了预应力机架及可靠的液压工作原理,使辊缝值具有较高精度,对棒材在生产过程中所产生的弯曲和椭圆度具有明显的矫直效果。同时该机设计时针对棒材规格加大相应进行了改进,保证了矫直机整体强度及矫直速度,很好的适应了杭钢中轧厂的生产需要。
本文主要介绍矫直技术的基本方法和原理,以及矫直变形理论的研究及发展,介绍棒材生产工艺以及矫直机的用途、类型,结合多年使用经验,在GBJ100七辊棒材矫直机基础上对GBJ180七辊棒材矫直机进行设计研究,阐述七辊棒材矫直机的结构及其工作原理,有针对性的讲述各部件的原理、特点和性能,提出了一些建设性的改进意见。
In the process of modern steel bar production, the rigor disposal of steel bar is the last phase, in which the bar straightening machine takes up the important position. The quality of straightening is the decisive factor of steel bar. The straightened steel bar have appended values for its good roundness and straightness and the straightener is one of the most important device which decide the steel bar’s quality competitively.
According user’s demand , and on the basis of my experience from many projects, GBJ180 Seven-Roll bar material Straighter , designed for straightening steel bar in 2005. It is designed with six poles and has a plumb structure. The equipment has an advanced and reliable hydraulic-protection. since adopting the advanced hydraulic theory,the straighter can adjust the gap of working roller by an accurate and reliable outmode. The equipment has a good straightening precision in the process of rolling the roller,it has a evident straightening effect to bring the steel bar to camber and ellipse. In the meantime,the straighter is promoted for the advanced standard and adapted to the need of the medium-size steel factory of HANGZHOU.
This paper mainly introduces the basic principle and methods of straightening technology and the research and development of straightening deformation theory. Introduces the production process of steel bar,the type and the use of bar straightening machine. The paper also did the study work of the GBJ180 seven roller bar straightening machine based on many years experience in GBJ100 seven roller bar straightening machine,introduces the structure and work principle of bar straightening machine, introduces principle characteristics and performance of bar straightening machine, and also puts forward some constructive suggestions.
引文
[1]崔甫.矫直原理与矫直机械.北京:机械工业出版社,2002;
[2]黄华清.轧钢机械.北京:冶金工业出版社,1980;
[3]崔甫.矫直理论与参数计算.北京:机械工业出版社,1987;
[4]吴昌国.西重所开发的高精度棒材矫直机.重型机械,1994.53-54;
[5]陈惠波.斜轧辊形设计中的数学方法,金属学报;
[6] N .K .Das Talukder, A .N .Singh, W .Johnson. Cross-roll straighten and their performance Jounral of Material Processing Technology,1990;21:101-109;
[7]宋华.徐泽宁,李龙海等.斜辊钢管矫正机矫正时管轴反弯曲线的研究,重型机械.1998(4):44-48;
[8]崔甫.施东成.矫直机压弯量计算方法的探讨.治金设备.1992(2 ):P1-6;
[9]陈慧敏,赖明道.简析圆形断面材料在矫直过程中的弹塑性弯曲变形.焊管.2000;23:8-10;
[10]唐立束.七斜辊矫直机的定性分析.冶金设备1994.6 P2O-25;
[11]刘德汉.提高管棒材料矫正精度的探讨.1982.2重型机械P24-29;
[12]骆家舜.矫直辊调整角的最优解机械设计1987.5 P10-13;
[13]赵炳利.于敏之,赵俊杰.斜辊矫直机中矫直辊辊形及安装角的工程设计方法.工程图学学报1997.(2-3):92-97;
[14]新型管棒材斜辊矫直机重型机械1985.4 43-45;
[15]朱美珍.王春香,刘玉瑛.对向六斜辊管七矫直机压扁力研究.包头钢铁学院学报.1997;16: 36-41;
[16]骆家舜.矫直辊调整(倾角方法的研究)应用科学学报1985.7:217-221
[17]敖列伟,吴伯杰,王志诚.二辊矫直原理及精度分析.重型机械.1997(6):41 -46;
[18]崔甫等.矫余残余应力对矫直机能耗的影响.东北工学院学报1989.4 199-204;
[19]崔甫.双向旋转矫直法的开发与理论探讨上海冶金专科学校学报1992.3 16-20;
[20] B .J.Wu,L .C.C han,T .C.Leee tc.A study on the precisionm ode ling of the bars produced in two cross-rollst raightening.Jo unralof M aterialsP rocessingT echnology.20 00;99 :20 2-206;
[21]陈惠波.管(棒)材矫正机辊形曲线理论分析和试验结量钢铁1976.11 18-32;
[22]敖列伟,吴伯杰,王志诚.二辊矫直机等曲率矫直辊参数优化设计研究.冶金设备.2000;121: 36-38;
[23] Ke-Yang Li, Chao-Kuang Chen, Shyue-Cheng Yang. Profile determination of atube-straightening roller by envelope theory. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 1999; 94:157-166;
[24]刘鹊然.李强.矫直辊辊形分析与管棒材矫直的密切关系.钢管.1995(4 ):27-29;
[25]陈惠波.管(棒)材矫直机辊形曲面理论分析钢铁1976.3 66-74;
[26]赵炳利,赵红雁,刘志亮等.斜辊矫直机矫直辊辊形对安装角和接触线长度的影响.燕山大学学报.1998:22: 165-167;
[27]马香峰.管棒材矫直机辊形曲面的理论分析1979.1 24一37;
[28] Ken-ichi Kawai, Makoto Satake, Yukio Inoue etc. Rotary forming for the straightening of tubing.Journalof Material Processing T echnology.19 95;48 :13 5-141;
[29] T. Katoh, E. Urata. Measurement and control of a straightening process for seamless pipes.Jounralo fEngineeringf orIn dustry.19 93;1 15:34 7-351;
[30] N. K. Das Talukder, A. N. Singh. Mechanics of bar straightening, Part]: General analysis of straightening process.Jo unralof Engineeringf orIn dustry.19 91;1 13:22 5-227;
[31] N. K. Das Talukder, A. N. Singh. Mechanics of bar straightening, Part2: Straightening incross-rollst raighteners.Jounralof Engineering for In dustry.1991;11 3:22 8-232;
[32] MiguelA .C avaliere,MarcelaB .Goldschmit,Eduardo N .D vorkin.Finitee lementan alysiso fsteelro llingp rocesses.C omputersan dS tructures.20 01;79 :20 75-2089;.
[33] E.N.Dvorkin, F.M.Medina, Finite element models for analyzing the straightening of steel seamless tubes.T rans.A SME.1 989;1 11:3 51-355;
[34] J. Mischke, J. Jonca. Simulation of the roller straightening process. Journal of Material Processing Technology. 1992;34:265-272;
[35]刘水旭等.七辊斜辊矫正机调试研究冶金设备1994.1 45-51;
[36]饮明浩,吴众明蒋守仁等.轴类零件矫直的有限元解法.合肥工业大学学报.1996; 19:24-29;
[37]邹家祥,施东成.轧钢机械理论与结构设计.北京:冶金工业出版社.1993;
[38]李德惠.六辊矫直机的技术特性.钢管.1991(1):20 -24;
[39]李德高等.新型矫直辊辊型曲线设计的数值方法钢铁1989.5 36-39;
[40] YamadaY. Plastic stress-strain matrix and its application for the solution of elastic-plastic problem by the finite element method.In t.J. Mech.Sci.19 68;10 2:25 4-259;
[41] MarcalP.V King. Elastic-plastic analysis of two-dimensional systems by the finite element method. Int.J.Mech.Sci. 1967; 93: 147-153;
[42] Hibble, Marcal, Rice. A finite element formation for problems of large strain and large displacement.In t.J. So lidsS truc.19 70;64 :52 1-530;
[43] Mc Meeking R. M, RiceJ. R. Finite elemen formations for problems of large elastic-plasticdeforma-tion Int.J.SolidsSyruc. 1975; 115: 1121-1132;
[44] Y ou-MinH uang,Y uung-HwaLu.A kitakeM akinouchi.E lasto-plasticfi nite-element analysis of V-shape sheet b ending.Jounralof Materials Processing Technology.1992;35 :129-150;
[45][Akitake Makinouchi.板材U形弯曲的弹塑性应力分析.世界塑性加工最新技术译文集.北京:机械L业出版社.1991;
[46] S..I.Oh,S hirokoB ayashi.Finite element analysis of plane-strain sheet bending.Int.J.Mech 1992;22:583-594;
[47] Li Shanian, Zhong Jianghong. The analysis of plane-strain bending process. Advanced Technology of Plasticity.19 93;2 1:21 4-233;
[48]陈如欣,许剑欧,邓立信.板材弯曲成形过程的弹塑性应力应变分析.重庆大学学报1980(1):11-14;
[49]A .Makinouchi,Y .Shirataki,S .D.Liue tc.A dvancedte chnologyo fp lasticity.19 90;19 :1161-1166;
[50]孙炳楠,洪涛,杨骊先.工程弹塑性力学.杭州:浙江大学出版社.1998;
[51]乔端,钱仁根.非线性有限元法及其在塑性加工中的应用.北京:冶金工业出版社.1990;
[52]孟凡中.弹塑性有限变形理论和有限元方法.北京:清华大学出版社.1985;
[53]吕和祥,蒋和洋.非线性有限元法.北京:化学工业出版社.1992.
[54]谢水生,王祖唐.金属塑性成形的有限元数值模拟.北京:冶金工业出版社.1997;
[55]陈如欣,胡忠民.塑性有限元法及其在金属成形中的应用.重庆:重庆大学出版社.1989;
[2]黄华清.轧钢机械.北京:冶金工业出版社,1980;
[3]崔甫.矫直理论与参数计算.北京:机械工业出版社,1987;
[4]吴昌国.西重所开发的高精度棒材矫直机.重型机械,1994.53-54;
[5]陈惠波.斜轧辊形设计中的数学方法,金属学报;
[6] N .K .Das Talukder, A .N .Singh, W .Johnson. Cross-roll straighten and their performance Jounral of Material Processing Technology,1990;21:101-109;
[7]宋华.徐泽宁,李龙海等.斜辊钢管矫正机矫正时管轴反弯曲线的研究,重型机械.1998(4):44-48;
[8]崔甫.施东成.矫直机压弯量计算方法的探讨.治金设备.1992(2 ):P1-6;
[9]陈慧敏,赖明道.简析圆形断面材料在矫直过程中的弹塑性弯曲变形.焊管.2000;23:8-10;
[10]唐立束.七斜辊矫直机的定性分析.冶金设备1994.6 P2O-25;
[11]刘德汉.提高管棒材料矫正精度的探讨.1982.2重型机械P24-29;
[12]骆家舜.矫直辊调整角的最优解机械设计1987.5 P10-13;
[13]赵炳利.于敏之,赵俊杰.斜辊矫直机中矫直辊辊形及安装角的工程设计方法.工程图学学报1997.(2-3):92-97;
[14]新型管棒材斜辊矫直机重型机械1985.4 43-45;
[15]朱美珍.王春香,刘玉瑛.对向六斜辊管七矫直机压扁力研究.包头钢铁学院学报.1997;16: 36-41;
[16]骆家舜.矫直辊调整(倾角方法的研究)应用科学学报1985.7:217-221
[17]敖列伟,吴伯杰,王志诚.二辊矫直原理及精度分析.重型机械.1997(6):41 -46;
[18]崔甫等.矫余残余应力对矫直机能耗的影响.东北工学院学报1989.4 199-204;
[19]崔甫.双向旋转矫直法的开发与理论探讨上海冶金专科学校学报1992.3 16-20;
[20] B .J.Wu,L .C.C han,T .C.Leee tc.A study on the precisionm ode ling of the bars produced in two cross-rollst raightening.Jo unralof M aterialsP rocessingT echnology.20 00;99 :20 2-206;
[21]陈惠波.管(棒)材矫正机辊形曲线理论分析和试验结量钢铁1976.11 18-32;
[22]敖列伟,吴伯杰,王志诚.二辊矫直机等曲率矫直辊参数优化设计研究.冶金设备.2000;121: 36-38;
[23] Ke-Yang Li, Chao-Kuang Chen, Shyue-Cheng Yang. Profile determination of atube-straightening roller by envelope theory. Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 1999; 94:157-166;
[24]刘鹊然.李强.矫直辊辊形分析与管棒材矫直的密切关系.钢管.1995(4 ):27-29;
[25]陈惠波.管(棒)材矫直机辊形曲面理论分析钢铁1976.3 66-74;
[26]赵炳利,赵红雁,刘志亮等.斜辊矫直机矫直辊辊形对安装角和接触线长度的影响.燕山大学学报.1998:22: 165-167;
[27]马香峰.管棒材矫直机辊形曲面的理论分析1979.1 24一37;
[28] Ken-ichi Kawai, Makoto Satake, Yukio Inoue etc. Rotary forming for the straightening of tubing.Journalof Material Processing T echnology.19 95;48 :13 5-141;
[29] T. Katoh, E. Urata. Measurement and control of a straightening process for seamless pipes.Jounralo fEngineeringf orIn dustry.19 93;1 15:34 7-351;
[30] N. K. Das Talukder, A. N. Singh. Mechanics of bar straightening, Part]: General analysis of straightening process.Jo unralof Engineeringf orIn dustry.19 91;1 13:22 5-227;
[31] N. K. Das Talukder, A. N. Singh. Mechanics of bar straightening, Part2: Straightening incross-rollst raighteners.Jounralof Engineering for In dustry.1991;11 3:22 8-232;
[32] MiguelA .C avaliere,MarcelaB .Goldschmit,Eduardo N .D vorkin.Finitee lementan alysiso fsteelro llingp rocesses.C omputersan dS tructures.20 01;79 :20 75-2089;.
[33] E.N.Dvorkin, F.M.Medina, Finite element models for analyzing the straightening of steel seamless tubes.T rans.A SME.1 989;1 11:3 51-355;
[34] J. Mischke, J. Jonca. Simulation of the roller straightening process. Journal of Material Processing Technology. 1992;34:265-272;
[35]刘水旭等.七辊斜辊矫正机调试研究冶金设备1994.1 45-51;
[36]饮明浩,吴众明蒋守仁等.轴类零件矫直的有限元解法.合肥工业大学学报.1996; 19:24-29;
[37]邹家祥,施东成.轧钢机械理论与结构设计.北京:冶金工业出版社.1993;
[38]李德惠.六辊矫直机的技术特性.钢管.1991(1):20 -24;
[39]李德高等.新型矫直辊辊型曲线设计的数值方法钢铁1989.5 36-39;
[40] YamadaY. Plastic stress-strain matrix and its application for the solution of elastic-plastic problem by the finite element method.In t.J. Mech.Sci.19 68;10 2:25 4-259;
[41] MarcalP.V King. Elastic-plastic analysis of two-dimensional systems by the finite element method. Int.J.Mech.Sci. 1967; 93: 147-153;
[42] Hibble, Marcal, Rice. A finite element formation for problems of large strain and large displacement.In t.J. So lidsS truc.19 70;64 :52 1-530;
[43] Mc Meeking R. M, RiceJ. R. Finite elemen formations for problems of large elastic-plasticdeforma-tion Int.J.SolidsSyruc. 1975; 115: 1121-1132;
[44] Y ou-MinH uang,Y uung-HwaLu.A kitakeM akinouchi.E lasto-plasticfi nite-element analysis of V-shape sheet b ending.Jounralof Materials Processing Technology.1992;35 :129-150;
[45][Akitake Makinouchi.板材U形弯曲的弹塑性应力分析.世界塑性加工最新技术译文集.北京:机械L业出版社.1991;
[46] S..I.Oh,S hirokoB ayashi.Finite element analysis of plane-strain sheet bending.Int.J.Mech 1992;22:583-594;
[47] Li Shanian, Zhong Jianghong. The analysis of plane-strain bending process. Advanced Technology of Plasticity.19 93;2 1:21 4-233;
[48]陈如欣,许剑欧,邓立信.板材弯曲成形过程的弹塑性应力应变分析.重庆大学学报1980(1):11-14;
[49]A .Makinouchi,Y .Shirataki,S .D.Liue tc.A dvancedte chnologyo fp lasticity.19 90;19 :1161-1166;
[50]孙炳楠,洪涛,杨骊先.工程弹塑性力学.杭州:浙江大学出版社.1998;
[51]乔端,钱仁根.非线性有限元法及其在塑性加工中的应用.北京:冶金工业出版社.1990;
[52]孟凡中.弹塑性有限变形理论和有限元方法.北京:清华大学出版社.1985;
[53]吕和祥,蒋和洋.非线性有限元法.北京:化学工业出版社.1992.
[54]谢水生,王祖唐.金属塑性成形的有限元数值模拟.北京:冶金工业出版社.1997;
[55]陈如欣,胡忠民.塑性有限元法及其在金属成形中的应用.重庆:重庆大学出版社.1989;