IP组播技术研究及应用
摘要
本文主要对IP组播路由选择算法和组播技术在网络多媒体中的应用进行了研究。
首先，本文对组播技术的基础理论，包括组播路由选择算法、组播路由协议和互联网组管理协议等进行了综述，在此基础上，提出了一种新的组播路由选择算法，它适用于只有一个组播源的组播网络。此组播路由选择算法与单播路由协议无关，它要求接收方在加入组播组时使用TCP连接直接向组播源发送加入组播组请求消息，组播源收到请求消息后向接收方发送请求确认消息，沿途的路由器则根据确认消息建立组播路由信息。
接着，本文对实时传输协议(RTP)的原理和微软公司的DirectShow技术作了介绍。使用RTP协议，借助于DirectShow的框架，在应用研究中建立了两个用于发送和接收组播媒体流的过滤器(Filter)，一个是呈现过滤器(Renderer Filter)，用在发送端，用于向网络中发送音频文件和实时音频；另一个是源过滤器(Source Filter)，用在接收端，用于接收从网络中发送过来的音频流。
最后，对论文所做工作加以总结，指出论文中的不足和进一步研究的方向。
The algorithm of IP multicast routing and the application of multicast in network multimedia are researched in this paper.
First,the paper gives an overview on the basic theory of multicast,including multicast routing algorithms,multicast routing protocols and Internet Group Management Protocols. On the basis of this,a new algorithm of selecting multicast route was brought up,which applies in the case that there are only one multicast sender and many receivers. The algorithm is independent of the unicast routing protocol. When the receiver wants to join in a multicast group,it sends a request message to the sender with a TCP connection. The request message gets to the sender and the sender answers for it with a confirmed message. During the confirmed message returning to the receiver,the router along the pass forms the multicast routing information according to the confirmed message.
Second,the paper introduces the theory of Real-time Transport Protocol (RTF) and the DirectShow technology. Using RTF,with the help of DirectShow's frame,two Filters are programmed to send and receive multicasting data in the application research. One filter,a Tenderer filter,is used in the sender side to send audio file or real-time audio to the network. Another,a source filter,is used in the receiver side to receive audio stream from the network.
Finally,a summary is given to show what have done in the paper. The drawback of the paper and the direction of further research are pointed out.
首先，本文对组播技术的基础理论，包括组播路由选择算法、组播路由协议和互联网组管理协议等进行了综述，在此基础上，提出了一种新的组播路由选择算法，它适用于只有一个组播源的组播网络。此组播路由选择算法与单播路由协议无关，它要求接收方在加入组播组时使用TCP连接直接向组播源发送加入组播组请求消息，组播源收到请求消息后向接收方发送请求确认消息，沿途的路由器则根据确认消息建立组播路由信息。
接着，本文对实时传输协议(RTP)的原理和微软公司的DirectShow技术作了介绍。使用RTP协议，借助于DirectShow的框架，在应用研究中建立了两个用于发送和接收组播媒体流的过滤器(Filter)，一个是呈现过滤器(Renderer Filter)，用在发送端，用于向网络中发送音频文件和实时音频；另一个是源过滤器(Source Filter)，用在接收端，用于接收从网络中发送过来的音频流。
最后，对论文所做工作加以总结，指出论文中的不足和进一步研究的方向。
The algorithm of IP multicast routing and the application of multicast in network multimedia are researched in this paper.
First,the paper gives an overview on the basic theory of multicast,including multicast routing algorithms,multicast routing protocols and Internet Group Management Protocols. On the basis of this,a new algorithm of selecting multicast route was brought up,which applies in the case that there are only one multicast sender and many receivers. The algorithm is independent of the unicast routing protocol. When the receiver wants to join in a multicast group,it sends a request message to the sender with a TCP connection. The request message gets to the sender and the sender answers for it with a confirmed message. During the confirmed message returning to the receiver,the router along the pass forms the multicast routing information according to the confirmed message.
Second,the paper introduces the theory of Real-time Transport Protocol (RTF) and the DirectShow technology. Using RTF,with the help of DirectShow's frame,two Filters are programmed to send and receive multicasting data in the application research. One filter,a Tenderer filter,is used in the sender side to send audio file or real-time audio to the network. Another,a source filter,is used in the receiver side to receive audio stream from the network.
Finally,a summary is given to show what have done in the paper. The drawback of the paper and the direction of further research are pointed out.
引文
[1]Beau Williamson. IP组播网络设计开发．北京：电子工业出版社，2000．3
[2]Douglas E. Comer等用TCP/IP进行网际互联，第2卷：设计、实现和内部结构．北京，电子工业出版社，1998．6
[3]Marcus Goncalves．IP多路广播技术与应用．北京，电子工业出版社，2000．1
[4]董庆阳等．IP组播技术．数据通信，1998．18～21
[5]陈晓春等．基于IP多播的多点会议中的视音频同步．计算机工程，2001．154～156
[6]徐昌彪．IP组播及其核心技术探讨．计算机应用研究，2001．48～53
[7]朱利等．Windows下组播通信的研究与实现．小型计算机系统，2000．2
[8]吕惠等．对媒体远程教育网中的实时组播研究．武汉大学学报，1999．531～534
[9]余英等．Visual C++实践与提高COM和COM+篇．中国铁道出版社，2001．2
[10]Anthony Jones等．Windows网络编程技术．机械工业出版社，2000．264～274
[11]鲁翔等．Internet网上保证多媒体信息实时传输的协议—RTP．计算机工程，1999．44～46
[12]张占军等．多媒体实时传输协议RTP．计算机工程与应用，2001．9～11
[13]罗建川等．实时传输协议RTP的研究及其应用．计算机工程与应用，2001．82～84
[14]王备战等．基于RTP的IP实时音频传输研究．西北工业大学学报，2001．1
[15]林志勇等．Directshow在MPEG-I流式播放器中的应用．计算机工程，2001．140～142
[16]黄孝建等．多媒体技术．北京，北京邮电大学出版社，2000．10
[17]沈兰荪等．视频编码与低速率传输．北京，电子工业出版社，2001．12
[18]Tom Lookabaugh. 多媒体数字压缩原理与标准．北京，电子工业出版社，2000．8
[19]周振红等．基于COM的软件组件．计算机应用，2001．3
[20]张小栓等．COM组件及其开发流程．计算机工程与应用，2001．108～110
[21]陈青山等．DirectShow的原理及其应用．微型电脑应用，2001．45～47
[22]Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft DirectX8 SDK Document. 2000.4
[23]Christian H. Routing in the Internet [M. Ontario: Prentice Hall], 1995.3
[24]Tanenbaum A S. Computer Networks. 3rd ed. 北京，清华大学出版社，1997．5
[25]RFC2236. Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2. 1997.7
[26]INTERNET-DRAFT. Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 3. 1999.11
[27]RFC1889. A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications. 1996.1
[28]RFC1890. RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal
Control. 1996.1
[29] HUANG Hao. Multicast protocol for Uni-Directional Networks. Comput. Sci & Technol, 2000.3
[30] RFC2250. RTP Payload Format for MPEG1/MPEG2 Video. 1998.1
[31] Laxman H.Sahasrabudhe. Multicast Routing Algorithms and Protocols: A Tutorial. IEEE Network, 2000.1
[33] Bin Wang and Jennifer C. Hou. Multicast Routing and Its QoS Extension: Problems, Algorithms, and Protocols. IEEE Network, 2000.2
[34] Bin Wang. Multicast Routing and Its QoS Extension: Problems, Algorithms, and Protocols. IEEE Network, 2000.2
[35] Rick Bovie. Small Group Multicast: A New Solution for Multicasting on the Internet. IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING, 2000.5
[2]Douglas E. Comer等用TCP/IP进行网际互联，第2卷：设计、实现和内部结构．北京，电子工业出版社，1998．6
[3]Marcus Goncalves．IP多路广播技术与应用．北京，电子工业出版社，2000．1
[4]董庆阳等．IP组播技术．数据通信，1998．18～21
[5]陈晓春等．基于IP多播的多点会议中的视音频同步．计算机工程，2001．154～156
[6]徐昌彪．IP组播及其核心技术探讨．计算机应用研究，2001．48～53
[7]朱利等．Windows下组播通信的研究与实现．小型计算机系统，2000．2
[8]吕惠等．对媒体远程教育网中的实时组播研究．武汉大学学报，1999．531～534
[9]余英等．Visual C++实践与提高COM和COM+篇．中国铁道出版社，2001．2
[10]Anthony Jones等．Windows网络编程技术．机械工业出版社，2000．264～274
[11]鲁翔等．Internet网上保证多媒体信息实时传输的协议—RTP．计算机工程，1999．44～46
[12]张占军等．多媒体实时传输协议RTP．计算机工程与应用，2001．9～11
[13]罗建川等．实时传输协议RTP的研究及其应用．计算机工程与应用，2001．82～84
[14]王备战等．基于RTP的IP实时音频传输研究．西北工业大学学报，2001．1
[15]林志勇等．Directshow在MPEG-I流式播放器中的应用．计算机工程，2001．140～142
[16]黄孝建等．多媒体技术．北京，北京邮电大学出版社，2000．10
[17]沈兰荪等．视频编码与低速率传输．北京，电子工业出版社，2001．12
[18]Tom Lookabaugh. 多媒体数字压缩原理与标准．北京，电子工业出版社，2000．8
[19]周振红等．基于COM的软件组件．计算机应用，2001．3
[20]张小栓等．COM组件及其开发流程．计算机工程与应用，2001．108～110
[21]陈青山等．DirectShow的原理及其应用．微型电脑应用，2001．45～47
[22]Microsoft Corporation. Microsoft DirectX8 SDK Document. 2000.4
[23]Christian H. Routing in the Internet [M. Ontario: Prentice Hall], 1995.3
[24]Tanenbaum A S. Computer Networks. 3rd ed. 北京，清华大学出版社，1997．5
[25]RFC2236. Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 2. 1997.7
[26]INTERNET-DRAFT. Internet Group Management Protocol, Version 3. 1999.11
[27]RFC1889. A Transport Protocol for Real-Time Applications. 1996.1
[28]RFC1890. RTP Profile for Audio and Video Conferences with Minimal
Control. 1996.1
[29] HUANG Hao. Multicast protocol for Uni-Directional Networks. Comput. Sci & Technol, 2000.3
[30] RFC2250. RTP Payload Format for MPEG1/MPEG2 Video. 1998.1
[31] Laxman H.Sahasrabudhe. Multicast Routing Algorithms and Protocols: A Tutorial. IEEE Network, 2000.1
[33] Bin Wang and Jennifer C. Hou. Multicast Routing and Its QoS Extension: Problems, Algorithms, and Protocols. IEEE Network, 2000.2
[34] Bin Wang. Multicast Routing and Its QoS Extension: Problems, Algorithms, and Protocols. IEEE Network, 2000.2
[35] Rick Bovie. Small Group Multicast: A New Solution for Multicasting on the Internet. IEEE INTERNET COMPUTING, 2000.5